Black Hundred Party o te timatanga o XX rau tau: te feia faatere o te hōtaka,

huaina rau Black i te mau melo Russian o ngā rōpū tāmau whenua o 1905-17, e pupuri tūranga o monarchism, anti-Semitism me te kaha-nui faateitei a. whakamahia ēnei rōpū wehi ki te hunga tutu. Black Hundred Party i roto i Russia i te tīmatanga o te rau tau 20 ka mau wahi i roto i te mararatanga o whakaaturanga, hui. E tautoko ana te whakahaere i te kāwanatanga, kawea atu pogroms.

Hei matau i tēnei kaupapa i te para tuatahi, ko reira tino uaua. Ko te hanganga o te rōpū Black-rau ngā māngai i ngā rōpū e kore e e tonu mahi tahi. Heoi, ki te arotahi koutou i runga i te nui tino, ka kite koutou i nga nga rau Black whakaaro whānui me te tohutohu o te whanaketanga. Poto tapae te matua Russian Black rau Party me o ratou te feia faatere.

whakahaere matua, me te feia faatere

"Huihui Russian", hanga i roto i te 1900, e taea te whakaaro te tuatahi i roto i to tatou whakahaere monarchist whenua. E kore e tangohia e tatou ki pūkete ona mua, "hōia Russian" (tenei whakahaere raro i kore muri roa). Heoi, ko te kaha matua o te kaupapa te Rau Black "Union o People Russian", i whakatika i roto i 1905

I ahu te reira i te taha o Dubrovin. Purishkevich i roto i 1908, pakanga ki ngā ia, a mahue te NRC. hanga e ia tona whakahaere ake "Union Mihaila Arhangela." puta te NRC rua o wahia i roto i te tau 1912. Ko te riri i tenei wa ka whakatika i waenganui Markov me Dubrovin. Kei te mahue inaianei te Union Dubrovin. i hanga e ia he Dubrovinsky tika-parirau "Union o te iwi Russian." Ki te mua, na ka haere matou 3 rangatira o nga monarchists: Markov (NRC), Purishkevich (CMA) me Dubrovin (VDSRN).

Basic Black Hundred Party - whakarārangitia te runga ake. Ka taea hoki e koe te mōhio i te "Russian Monarchist Union". Heoi, kua nga māngai o tenei rōpū i te minita Siu me rangatira, na ko iti tenei poka wai, me te kore i tohu i te nui moni. I tua atu, i muri i te i te afa rōpū. haere wāhanga o te whakahaere ki Purishkevich.

Ko te takenga mai o te kupu "Rau Black"

Ko te kupu "Rau Black" mai i te kupu Russian Old "Rau Black" tikanga Posadskoe taupori TAX delivsheesya i runga i wae hōia-whakahaere (rau). Māngai o te kaupapa o te moni ki a tatou i te mau melo o te monarchist Russian, pravohristianskih me ngā rōpū anti-Semitic. "Black Hundred" - he wā e kua riro whānuitia whakamahia ki te kōrero ki matau-parirau anti-toronga me kaitōrangapū. hoatu Māngai o te kaupapa i mua i roto i te pato'iraa ki te mau parau tumu manapori, te parau tumu o te kapu, te mana pūmau. whakapono ratou e kua 3 hoariri, e me whawhaitia e Russia. Tenei dissident, hinengaro, me te inorodets.

Rau Black, me te trezvennichestvo

Wāhanga o te Black rau Party puta i te kaupapa rongonui ki te aro waipiro. e kore ēnei rōpū whakakahore trezvennichestvo. I whakaaro te reira e te kohi o te pia i roto i te whakaōrite - he rerekē ki te vodka paihana. Wāhanga o te pūtau o te rau Black, ara i hanga i roto i te puka o ngā rōpū pehi, pānui ki te iwi, tea, me te ara pia.

Rau Black me te koraha

Rau Black - te rōpū nei hōtaka o mahi e kore i tika te whakawhanakehia, ki te kahore hoki te karanga ki te whiua nga Hurai, pūkenga, Rīpera me tahae. Na reira, ko te koraha, tata kore tae mai ki te whakapā atu ki enei kāwai noho tata watea i enei whakahaere.

Pogroms pūkenga me Hurai

hanga Black Hundred Party peti nui i runga i te whakatara ana o mauahara matawaka, me te motu. Tenei hua i roto i nga ngangaretanga i kua kahakina puta noa Russia. Me mea te reira e timata te koroke noa i mua i te whakamahinga o te Black Tuhinga kaupapa. e kore e karohia tonu pūkenga te patu i i hāngai ana ki "hoariri o Russia". i taea e ngāwari ona māngai whiua ake a tae noa whakamatea i roto i te ara, maha i runga i te par ki nga Hurai. kihai i whakaora te reira i ara te meka i ngā te wahi nui o nga ngā o te Black rau nekehanga o pūkenga momo.

Ehara i nga tāmate katoa, anga ke ki te whakaaro rongonui, ko reira rite te Black Hundred Party. I roto i nga tau 1905-07, he tino iti tonu enei whakahaere. Heoi, He kaha rawa i roto i te rohe, i ko te taupori whakauru (Peraruhia, Ukraine, me 15 kawanatanga o te pera-ka karanga "kōtea o Whakataunga") te Rau Black. I roto i enei rohe, i reira i neke atu i te hawhe o nga mema o katoa o te "Union o People Russian", me ētahi atu rōpū ōrite. poipoi pogroms ki nga mahi whanaketanga o te rau Black timata ki te mariri hohoro. Kua tohu maha tau rongonui o te rōpū ki tenei.

Pūtea whakahaere, putanga niupepa

He puna nui o pūtea mo te Rau uniana Black he moni kāwanatanga. Funds tohaina i te Tāhuhu o Internal Affairs o moni ki te aroturuki i te kaupapa here o enei whakahaere. Black Hundred Party i te wa ano hoki ki te kohikohi ô takitahi.

I ngā wā, whakaputaina te whakahaere "whārangi Pochaev" niupepa "Russian Paerewa", "Rautupu", "pere", "Veche". ka whakanuia e Black Hundred Party timatanga o XX rautau ratou whakaaro i roto i taua nūpepa nui rite "Kievlyanin", "Moscow News", "marama", "Citizen".

Congress i Moscow

tū te whakahaere he Congress i Moscow i-nuku 1906. pōtitia te reira i te rangatira me te kaunihera i piri nga rau Black katoa, te hanga i te "iwi Russian United." Heoi, e kore e ratou hanumi mau tupu. Organization te tau i muri mai ka mutu ki te tīariari.

Me mea e ahau e whakaaro hua reactionaries (rite kaupapa kōrero pāpāho me ngā whakahaere o te hōtaka) i ki te whakatū i tētahi hapori momo. I runga i te hiahia mō ngā pūtahi pāremata me te māngai i roto i te whānui i nui totohe. Rau Black - te rōpū nei hōtaka i tuhia anake i roto i ngā whānui. Na reira, ka rite ki te pai ko era atu take, kihai i taea enei whakahaere.

Black rau Party: Hōtaka

Ko te ariā o "iwi mōhiohio" ko te pūtake o te hōtaka o enei whakahaere. I tohua ia SS Uvarov, te minita o te mātauranga, tae noa i roto i te hawhe 1 o te rau tau 19. hāngai ana tēnei ariā i runga i te tātai " 'Ofotokisií, Autocracy, iwi." Autocracy ko 'Ofotokisií aroaro takenga tuatahi Russian. Ko te huānga whakamutunga o te tātai, "iwi", i matau rite te fafauraa ki te iwi o te rua tuatahi. Black-rau rōpū me ngā rōpū piri ki autocracy mutunga i mea ā-te whenua o o te pūrere. Ahakoa te State Duma, i puta i roto i te takanga o 1905-07. Whakaaro ratou tinana tohutohu ki te kingi. A amo i hanganga i roto i te whenua e ratou kite mahi rite Aue, me te taea. I te wa ano i roto i te hōtaka o enei whakahaere (hei tauira, te NRC) whakaaturia haere noa o te press, kupu, karakia, feohi, huihui, inviolability o te tangata, a na i runga i. D.

Ki te whakaaro ki te hōtaka agrarian, he tōkeke ia. kihai i nga Rau Black pai ki te hanga tuuraa ra. e kore e makona ki te kōwhiringa o te raupatu wāhanga o te whenua ngā kaipupuri whenua ratou. whakaekea ratou ki te hoko i te peasants o te whenua wātea āhua-fatuhia ka whakawhanake i te pūnaha nama me te reti.

āpiha tauira Murder

tonu Black Hundred Party timatanga o XX rautau i roto i te revolution (1905-07.) I roto i whaia te kāwanatanga nuinga he kaupapa here. patua ratou e rua ngā mema o te Komiti Central o te Pāti Cadet - GB Yollos ko MJ Herzenstein. Na ko ia me te tahi atu ratou hoariri tōrangapū: ko ratou Rīpera, nga Hurai, me te o mua kawana State Duma. meinga reactionaries riri Special Gertsenshtein ahorangi, e korero i runga i te pātai agrarian. I patua e ia Hōngongoi 18, 1906 i roto i Terioki. mau Kaiuru o te "Union o People Russian" i roto i te take. Tenei A. Polovnev, N. Yuskevich-Kraskovsky, E. me Larichkin Aleksandrov. I whiua te toru tuatahi mō Tuhinga ka hoatu ki te 6 tau, a riro mai 6 marama hoki te tahi mea e kore te e ana e pā ana ki te kino whakamaheretia Alexander. Alexander Kazantsev, kaitoi o te kohuru, i patua ia e taua wa, na e kore e puta i roto i te kōti.

ngaro Rau Black mana

Rau Black - rahua te rōpū ki nei te revolution kua ki te riro i te kaha tōrangapū kotahi, ahakoa etahi angitu. i taea ki te kitea he maha rawaka o hoa i roto i te multiform, hapori Russian maha-matawaka ona māngai. Otiia kua whakaturia nga mema o te o tenei kaupapa ratou ki tuwhena rōpū leftist me nga porowhita ohaoha centrist, nei i mana i te wa. Ahakoa te wahi o hoa pea i roto i te kaitautoko o te nationalism emepaea whakakeke ano hoki ki a ratou.

Wehi i te tutu wā, me te kōrero tuwhena o nga rau Black, derzhavniki nei i roto i te mana, ka kite te nationalism iwi tata te riri matua ki te āhua. i taea ki te riria Nicholas II, te sympathizer "hoa", me te porowhita marae o te hiahia ki te tahuri atu i tenei kaupapa ratou. Tenei ngoikore atu nga rau Black i roto i te ao tōrangapū i runga i te mahana o te mau ohipa o 1917. whai wāhi hoki te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao ki te vaivai o te kaupapa. haere ia i runga i tūao, he maha activists me ngā mema noa o te Rau Black. He hiahia i roto i te kaupapa i roto i te matou Revolution o 1917, e kore te tau i whai wāhi nui ngā. Rau Black - te rōpū, te toenga o i i ngaro nanakia i muri i te wikitoria o te mua, e kite i roto i te nationalism te riri ki te pūnaha Soviet.

Prohibition o whakahaere me o ratou mema o te whakarau

Black Hundred whakahaere i muri i te Hui-tanguru Revolution i rāhuitia. noho ratou wāhanga anake i roto i te tūranga raro. E rave rahi feia faatere o te nui i roto i te Pakanga Civil, piri te ma kaupapa. Kia i roto i te whakarau, whakahē ratou nga mahi o emigres Russian. Ētahi māngai nui o tenei kaupapa i piri ki runga i te wā e whakahaere iwi hoki.