"Bora" - kaipuke pere waka topaki: whakaahuatanga, whakaritenga me arotake

Oraraa RKVP "Bora" he roa te wa e kore i te tono, i karapotia ai e te arai o te muna katoa. Ka rite ki, Heoi, he maha ngā wāhi hōia Russian. "Bora" - te kaipuke, e kore e noa i analogues i roto i te ao. Otinga, raka, tere ko reira na tiketike e kore ko reira e taea ki te hopu ake a tae noa torpedoes whāhoki missiles. Ko te Black Moana Fleet kua toutou puritia whakaako, te wahi pakari a te RKVP waka ki te mahi, ārahi i te whawhai angitu ki te kaipuke o te hoariri whakataruna.

Ko te whakaaro i runga i te whakatū o te kaipuke

Ko te whakaaro tuatahi o te hanga i te kaipuke taua ara ake i roto i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao, ka i roto i 1942 wahia nga Tiamana i roto i te Caucasus. I roto i Moscow, i te kaunihera kōrero te tauira Rocket hanganga Chelomeya. Tona tono - ki te whakatū i poti pere tōkiri ki te patu i te tāutanga o ngā taumata hoariri nui. whakaae katoa e he tino whaihua, engari poto hiki te kaupapa.

Anake i muri i hanga te whawhai i runga i whakahau a Stalin VMKB "Diamond" i roto i te tau 1949. Kaimahi i ako ki te whakawhanake kaupapa o kaipuke i runga i te urunga e rangi, ko reira he mea ngaro, he kaupapa tino hou. Ko te whāinga ko ki te hanga i te super-nohopuku poti pere. Ko te brainchild o tenei kaupapa i roto i te heke mai, me te riro "Bora" - waka topaki.

Ko te tūranga o te Bureau "Almaz"

Na, i roto i te Leningrad Hoahoa Bureau "Almaz" anga ki te puta whakaaro - eke launchers tākirirangi i roto i speedboats iti. I roto i te ao ki te auaha Russian tali whakamutua taetuí. Ko te Day War ono i roto i te tau 1967 ka tahuri te titiro, i muri i poti Ihipiana (USSR production) e te salvo pere kotahi tonoa ki te raro o te kaiwhakangaro Iseraela. He wā hou i roto i te Navy. I roto i te 70 Engineers CB "Diamond" i raro i te kaiārahi o V. I. Koroleva timata ki te hoatu mua whakaaro i runga i te hanganga o kaipuke marama, hourua, waka topaki. Tenei nui haere te tere o te kaupapa, te raka, paari rahi. Ko te wero - te ahua huaki tata, i te pānga, me te ngaro tere taua. Ko te kupu i whanau i te iti kaipuke "Bora" waka topaki.

Ko te whakamātautau tuatahi

Hoki te RKVP wā tuatahi "Bora" i whakarewahia i te tau 1988, engari e kore e te āhuatanga tōrangapū, me te ōhanga uaua tukua ki te whakamātau i tonu. Ko te kaipuke "Bora" whakakitea tuatahi ratou angitu i roto i te 1991. I roto i te rohe Snake Island, e te Moana Black, te ahi tuatahi, meinga ratou he pororaru nui i roto i te ratonga maramarama ke. Kua kore tenei i roto i te kaipuke tutaki. kaipuke hōia Russian New, e haere ana i te tere o 40 knots, i whakaputa rōnihi pere. Pere salvo te whakarite tika 30 hēkona. I roto i te whakamātautau tuatahi e wha missiles "waeroa" i tuhituhia atu tino whakangaromia he poti tautiaki. Noatia, Ka taea e enei matā whakangaro ara nga kaipuke nui rawa, tae atu ki ngā kawe rererangi.

Iti kaipuke "Bora" ka mohiotia rite "kaipahua Moana" no te mea ko tana mahi ki te decapitate te kaipuke, arā meinga he patu kino ki te kaipuke matua o te matua hoia hoariri. I muri iho, i te tere ki runga ake i tetahi oko moana, huna i te tirohanga.

I roto i te 1991, kua te Black moana tāruru tona waka topaki tuatahi - ko te "Bora" tenei.

Āhuatanga o te kaipuke

Ko te kaipuke kua he displacement o 1050 taranata. "Bora" He taua āhuatanga: te katoa whanui - 17,2 m, roa - 65.6 m Tauira oko - 3.3 m, ina te tapiritia te supercharger ki 1 m tere mōrahi ko 55 knots ... tawhiti tāruarua i te tere o te 12 knots - 2500 maile i 45 knots - 800 maile. Te tipu te mana ngā: 2 GTU M10-1 kaha o 36 mano horsepower, e rua diesel kaha M-511A o te engine diesel 20 mano horsepower me rua M-504 kaha 6.6 mano horsepower .... Kaingārahu, ngā Pūwhakarewa RCC "waeroa" - 8 3M80 missiles, tākirirangi 20 Pu SAM "Osa-M", AK-176 - 76 pūnaha puhipuhi mm, AK-630 - 30 pūnaha mm pū. kaipuke tākirirangi Iti "Bora" pupuritia te waka o 68 iwi.

Mal ka nekehia atu

E rua whare whāiti (roa - 64 m, whanui - 18 m) hipoki pūhara. I roto i mua o te mīhini, ko te mata hangore. Ahakoa, ki te tae te teitei poipoi e rua mita, he pūkaha kaha o 60 horsepower, tuku tere o runga ki te 55 knots. Ki te tutuki te tiketike o te tere poipoi 3.5 mita te i roto i te 40 knots. whakaratohia economical te ahunga whakamua e rua diesel. tere High taea te kaipuke ki te karo i missiles hopu whāhoki, ka pare mua.

A, no te hanga RKVP e tono he riro kē wheako bureaus me te ahumahi te pahi i roto i te hanga o te momo taunga mahi "Bison", "Adelia".

He aha te mea ahurei e pā ana ki RKVP? "Bora" - he kaipuke, he turanga hydrodynamic e taea te ngāwari puta. E 36 te whakamahi take toko whakato. "Bora" - tenei waka hourua, e regulates te tere ki runga ki te 20 knots, me i te wa ano ki te kaipuke, e taea te whakawhanake i te akoranga o neke atu i te 50 knots. He RKVP te whānui o te neke i roto i te ohorere whānui, me i roto i te āhua tonu. I roto i nga tau o te mahi i reira ko haere mai kahore he take ki te kaipuke ki tauranga i roto i te muka. Ano, he mea e taea ki te haere tahuri atu ara ki te propellers tika ki blowers pūkaha-rangi i te paunga o te urunga rangi.

RCC "waeroa"

I poari "Bora" (kaipuke) ko te RCC tāutanga tino whakamate "waeroa." Mō ratou i roto i te taipitopito. Ko te kaha pānga o enei missiles i ngā ahei o whakangaro te piha haapiiraa waenganui, me te ara kaipuke kau fakasio. Explosives 3M80 "waeroa" kua he papatipu o 150 manokaramu. Tīmata whānui - i te 10 ki te 90 kiromita. pihi Tīmata tākirirangi ake, hanga te ta'uma, ka heke ki te teitei o 20 m, i te huarahi ki te ūnga ko 7 m i runga ake i te ngaru, me fepulopulasi ki te takere. Polubroneboynaya wahi me te pūngao neke nui tukua ki te tomo tetahi fakafaingata'a'ia'anga. puta te pahūtanga kaha roto. Ahakoa, ki te whakamahia e te hoa tauwhainga he pūnaha jamming, tutuki te pūnaha mana ngā auau tika tiketike ki te 99%.

"Bora" i roto i te tauranga Turkish o Sinop

I te 2013, i roto i Turkey, i roto i te CHVMG whakahohenga "BLACKSEAFOR", kanohi ia te Russian Federation "Bora" - he kaipuke tākirirangi i runga i te urunga rangi. whai wāhi manuao Romania, Turkey, Bulgaria, Ukraine i te ono tekau mahi me ngā akoako. arotahi ahau i runga i te mea e mahi koe? rōpū whakaata o whakaeke rangi, waea hoki trawls, whakaata whakaeke ngā whāinga iti, te whakahaere o te kōrero, pōhēhē a tahi, te mana kaupapa o te kaipuke kaihokohoko, rapu me te faaora i te moana o patunga.

Ko te waka o te kaipuke "Bora" whakakitea ratou taha pai. kawea mahi katoa i raro i te whakahau a Kāpene 2 Trankovskogo Kapa i pai, tikanga mārama whakaritea - whakapumautia tenei e te kōrero i miharo hoki o te hunga katoa e whanga ana i nga mahi.

I roto i te "Artek"

Tautoko Black Moana Fleet heramana iho, pūtahi mai te wā Soviet. A, no te taenga mai o te mutunga o te nekehanga ki te International Centre "Artek" "Bora" - te kaipuke, kua meinga nei e te whakapehapeha o to tatou kaipuke. I muri te raveraa i te misioni whawhai RKVP "Bora" tu ki runga ki te huaki i te pokapū o te tamariki.

I te poari piki te kaipuke rau o tamariki, i whakahaere haere motuhake mo ratou. Ko nui o ngā mōhiohio i mohio, rawa hoki te hunga e kua puta i te kaipuke manuao o ngā tamariki i roto i "Artek". Here a kawa tuku o ngā ākonga.

i hari ki te hui nga tamariki katoa a mahue ratou urupare pai i muri i te haere ki te kaipuke.

tahuna iho, i tahuna te huringa whakamutunga i roto i te International "Artek" puni i te ahi tangohia i te capsule, ka rīhitia i te kaipuke "Bora".

"Bora" me "Sandstorm"

Te kōrero e pā ana ki te kaipuke "Bora" waka topaki, e kore ki te whakahua e pā ana ki tona hoa tangata. RKVP reira "Sandstorm". Kōrero he rite ratou. "Sandstorm," he iti teina. "Bora" me "Sandstorm" - kaipuke o te momo kotahi, no ki te piha o te pere waka topaki.

I whakatakotoria te tuatahi i runga i te kaipuke "Bora" i roto i Zelenodolsk tata Kazan i 1984 i roto i te hanga kaipuke "Whero Metallist". whakarewahia Water i roto i 1987, a i roto i te 1991 - ngā roto i te Black Moana Fleet.

"Sandstorm" kua he hītori taonga o te kaupapa. whakaturia RKVP i roto i 1991, tuku iho te reira i te wai i roto i te 1992. i whakawhitia Tari wai ki te Moana Black. I roto i 1992 - i roto i Kerch, i roto i te 1993 - i roto i Sevastopol. No te take hangarau, i roto i te taua tau i anō-hanga reira i roto i Zelenodolsk ki te kaiwhakanao. I roto i te Mahuru 1994, ka haere ia ki te Baltic. Reira mai 1996 i whakamatauria i Baltiysk. Mana, whakaurua te kaipuke Baltic i roto i 2000. I roto i te 2002 anake RKVP "Sandstorm" i hūnuku ki te Black Moana Fleet. piri ia te kaipuke pere ropu tinei kaipuke Black 41.

Takatu nei whanau mahi i runga i enei manuao, roa mahara te tau poto i roto i te Navy, mahue arotake mauruuru. Te tangata ta e kawea te mahi kei te a ka e tamărû i te pūāhua, te tahi atu mahara ake nga mahi hōia. A, o te akoranga, korero katoa ki te mahana e pā ana ki piringatahi i te kapa, te auhoaraa, me te tautoko comradely. Ko reira i runga i enei manuao puta ongo fakatokoua.

Hea i te ingoa "Bora" me "Sandstorm"

Hoki te ingoa kaipuke Soviet pērā i "Bora" me "Sandstorm", i mawhiti tuatahi te mea te reira hano tatau, me te tāwāhi. I muri i te katoa, te nuinga o te ratou i roto i aua ra ka karanga nga taonga nui katoa ingoa tetahi tuakiri itoito ngā nui i roto i te kororia o Congresses Kominiusi Party, hui, hui Komsomol ranei.

Otiia i konei ko reira ïa i whakawhiwhia tenei raina o waka taua ingoa rerekē. Hoki i nga 30raa o rau whakamutunga, ka anga ki te puta i runga i nga kaipuke kaipuke, tautiaki (i roto i te meka, nga kaipahua), he hunga kakahu i te ingoa tupuhi pērā i "Te Hurricane." huaina kaipuke reira ka "wehenga köura rangi." timata nga riwhi o tenei raupapa MRK "te Tempest", "tini", "Storm" kaupapa Mai 1234 ka tonu te whakarerenga iho o Project pere waka topaki 1239 Designer Korolev whakaarohia ki te karanga ratou ingoa ohorere hau haamou. "Bora" - moana Black squally hau e haere mai ana i te raki. Rawa-feliliuaki "boron Novorossiyskaya". "Sandstorm" - te ingoa Arabic o te hau African wera e hopoi mai sandstorms kaha, hinga katoa moe i roto i tona ara. Ko te kupu, ko te kaipuke Russian rua ingoa i roto i te honore o nga hau kaha, me te tere taua tapahia nga wai moana, te tango i mau fifi.

Milestones

Ahakoa tona tamarikitanga, te tākirirangi kaipuke "Bora" i roto i tona oraraa, kua whakamana neke atu i te kotahi rau ngā pūrepo me pere firings. Toutou whakapuakina te RKVP pai i roto i tona hononga, riro ngā paraihe i roto i nga mea katoa o te whakangungu. ora ake ia ki tona ingoa, rite "Bora" - he hihiko kaha e hopoi mai ki whakahoutia reira.

• I roto i te Pipiri 2002, puritia matou maha ruruku i te taumata motu i waenganui i Ukraine ko Russia, i muri nei i te waka topaki pere, ko muri i te hau "Bora" me "Sandstorm", i piri ki te Pirikeeti o kaipuke mata o te Russian Black Moana Fleet
• Whiringa 2006. faaite "Bora" tauira kaipuke i i te whakaaturanga i roto i te whakaaturanga Jakarta Indodefence.
• 2008. Ka te hanga o nāianei.
• Poutū 2009. āhuatanga mahi mahi akoranga K-2.
• Mei 2013. Ko te haerenga tuatahi ki te tauranga i roto i Istanbul. Whai wāhi i roto i te whakaaturanga IDEF-2013.
• Hereturikōkā 2013. whai wāhi angitu i roto i te whakahohenga me te mahi o te Moana Black VMG "BLACKSEAFOR".
• 2015. Whai wāhi i roto i te aito-pa o Sevastopol parade manuao i runga i te ra o te Navy.
• Summer 2015. puritia rawa pai hanga nāianei o te kaipuke.
• Summer 2016. RKVP "Sandstorm" riro te parade i Sevastopol i te ra o whai wāhi te Navy.