Etiology - Ko ... viral. Ko te etiology o te mate

Huinga rongoā tūhura ngā take. Ko tētahi, hei tauira, tirohia te pikitia haumanu, ko reira he faaiteraa o te mate. Ētahi atu wāhanga o Medicine korenga i nga pānga ranei tauhohenga ki te hunga tahi atu ngā pānga ranei. O te faufaa ngā i roto i te tātaritanga me te whiriwhiri o te therapy i roto i te heke mai e whakapataritari āhuatanga māuiuitanga. Etiology - Ko te wāhi e te mea tika, me te tirotiro i te take tenei. I muri mai i roto i te tuhinga i te titiro i tenei wā.

Overview

Etiology - faatupu te reira mate mo e te tupu whakarite whakakotahi i te take mana matua me te töpü e tika ana mo te whakakitenga mai o ona tikanga mana taiao roto, o waho. Ka rite ki kia hanga ngā precipitating paihana, tukumate, te rongo, te whara, a he tokomaha atu matū, koiora me ngā pānga tinana. Ka taea e te mate puta i roto i ngā āhuatanga o te hauhauaitu, rohirohi, kai disorders, te taiao pāpori, me te matawhenua tika. nui te reira i te wāhi nui me te āhuatanga o te rauropi. Ko ētahi o ēnei, i roto i ngā, ngā sex, tau, tohuira, me ētahi atu.

āhuatanga

E kore te te ariā o te etiology iti ki ngā take motuhake. Te nuinga hoki te mate, i roto i te tua ki whakapataritari ari titau etahi tikanga pai mo ia. Hei tauira, streptococcus, reira i roto i te kōhao-waha rite te hamupirau tika ki ngā pānga roa o pāmahana iti meinga angina. Ko e tika ana ki te vaivai o tikanga o te tinana tenei. Na patu taipō me te diphtheria, kahore meinga āhuatanga (rohirohi, te hemokai) kore e taea whakaatu iho. E mea pinepine i reira he āhuatanga ka taea tetahi me te take ano ngāue i roto i ētahi wā, etiologic, a i roto i etahi atu - take. He tauira, ko te hauhauaitu. Te reira i te, i runga i te ringa kotahi, ai hukapuri, a ki runga ki te tahi atu - whakarato tikanga tino pai mo te putanga o maha mate hopuhopu āhua catarrhal.

whakarōpū o pathologies

I roto i ētahi wā, kia iti te etiology o te mate ki te kotahi take. I roto i te tahi atu wā, kia whakakitea te tūhuratanga maha o ngā āhuatanga precipitating. I roto i te take tuatahi, ka karanga te mate ko nono, i te tuarua - polyetiology. Ko te momo tuatahi ngā, hei tauira, rewharewha, nui korokoro. Ko hanga e mate ngakau te rite ki te hua o pakewakewa, rūmātiki me te tokomaha atu āhuatanga. Ko te etiology o te mate ki te whakatau i tona pū, me te therapy pathogenetic. Hei tauira, mo te tohu o te pakeke, me te matapae o staphylococcal me Anthrax kapakara whai rerekētanga nui. Ano, etahi pau i rerekē momo o takawhita, e taea te meinga e rua āhuatanga neurogenic me tākihi. Ko te take o te tukuna ai intestinal ko te kōpeketanga waho o te whēkau blockage ranei o tona roto.

MAHI

Wehewehe i waenganui i te kotahi-wā (whētuki, weranga) me te roa (hemokai, mate) te pānga o whakapataritari tītohunga. Ēnei ari hoki ngā etiology. kia whakaaro tenei pānga mo te whanaketanga o te atamira whakapeka ma'i ranei o te mate. Ka rite ki te hua o ngā āhuatanga - wā roa poto ranei - i roto i te rauropi tangata kore i roto i ngā pūnaha rerekē. Ko tenei rite te mea ko te take o te mate, i te mea te nuinga he putanga o enei maumaui.

Treatment me te ārai

Etiology - Ko tetahi o nga tikanga e matua o te tikanga ngā o te maimoatanga tenei. Te tautuhi i te take me te tikanga o te whanaketanga o te māuiuitanga, ka taea e koe te whiriwhiri i te tikanga e ka faaore i te tāpae. Anake i roto i tenei take, mau te whakatutuki i te hua pai. nui te reira i te wāhi nui, me te ārai. Ka taea te tatatia te mate i roto i te take o te whakakorenga wā o take pathogenic me āhuatanga e meinga ai. Hei tauira, kua whakamana rapunga bacilli kawe, tikanga o te waeroa i te mara malaria pea, te ārai whara. Heoi, e kore tonu e taea ki te tautuhi i te take me te tikanga o te whanaketanga o te māuiuitanga. I roto i tenei take korero tatou o etiology unknown. I roto i taua āhuatanga, ka rite ki te tikanga, haere te manawanui i raro i te mātakitaki o te rata. Fakataha ki tenei tātaritanga pārōnaki, aroturuki o tona huru. tākuta i roto i te maimoatanga o ngā take pērā pinepine, whakarite "matapo".

Ko te etiology o te mate huka mellitus

Ki te rā, i reira he taunakitanga mālohi e te take matua o te mate huka ko te take ira. no te mate ki te ngakau polygenic. whakatakotoria ona turanga i te iti rawa e rua o te ira mutant i roto i huka b-pūira, e whai he hononga ki te-pūnaha Hľa. Te whakamutunga, i roto i te tahuri, whakatau te whakautu motuhake o te rauropi, me ona pānga i runga i antigens pūtau. I runga anō i te ariā o te mate huka kainga polygenic, mate o te ira mutant e rua e rua o te rōpū tuku iho ngoikore ranei. No te tahi mau iwi, i reira te mea he predisposition ki te hinga o te pūnaha autoimmune, nui haere te tūtohutanga o etahi pūtau ki paturopi viral ranei, tuku iho te mate ki te aro huaketo. Ira Hľa-pūnaha e nga tohu o te predisposition.

I roto i te 1987, whakakitea D. Foster e tetahi o nga ira e he haria ki te mate kei runga i te B-pūira. Ko te kupu i reira ko te hononga i waenganui i te mate huka mellitus me etahi leukocytes paturopi i roto i te tangata. E whakawaeheretia ratou e ira o te matatini histocompatibility nui. Ratou, i roto i te tahuri, e kei i runga i tenei pūira.

Whakarōpū o te ira o te matatini histocompatibility nui

E toru nga momo. Ira rerekē i te momo o te pūmua whakawaeheretia me ratou whai wāhi i roto i te whanaketanga o ngā tukanga ārai. I roto i te kei tetahi piha huanui A, B, C. e nehenehe o whakawaehere antigens e kua kitea i runga i ngā pūtau katoa kei roto matua ratou. Ēnei āhuatanga mahi te mahi o te tiaki ki te mate (te nuinga viral). Ira o te piha haapiiraa 2, e takoto ana i runga i te D-rohe kei te huanui DP, DQ, DR. whakawaehere ratou antigens e kia whakahuatia ai anake i runga i ngā pūtau immunocompetent. Ēnei ngā monocytes, pūtau T, me ētahi atu. Ki te wāhanga o te piha haapiiraa 3 ira whakawaeheretia ngä, take necrosis puku me transporters e kei roto i te kōrero ki te tukatuka antibody.

Maoro, i reira he he whakaaro e te kainga ki te mate huka taiāki-ti'aturi e pā kore āhuatanga anake hľa-pūnaha, engari ano hoki he ira whakawaehere te kōtuitui o taiāki huka, immunoglobulin hononga mekameka kia taimaha receptor T-pūtau me ētahi atu. People i te predisposition tumu ki IDDM, i reira he huringa i roto i te ahotea taiao. kia mamae ratou wātea i te mate whakawarea pūtau cytotoxic huaketo kino i raro i te mana o microorganisms pathogenic me wāhanga matū.

Ētahi atu take

I roto i te IDDM pea he etiology viral. Nuinga o ngā wā, whai wāhi te putanga o te māuiuitanga ki kōpukupuku (whiwhi tukumate ki nga moutere o te repe taiaki, ka rongoa, ka tāruaruatia roto ratou), repe (tino maha kitea i roto i ngā tamariki i muri i te mate urutā, 1-2 tau), kakā B huaketo me Coxsackievirus B (tāruaruatia i roto i insular taputapu) mononukleoznaya mate, rewharewha me ētahi atu. Ko te meka e pā ana te take whakaaro te ki te whanaketanga o te mate huka, kua whakapumautia e te tau takoto o te mate. IDDM te nuinga o te wā pāngia i roto i ngā tamariki i roto i te ngahuru me te hotoke, pa tona tihi i roto i Oketopa ko January. Ano i roto i te tūroro e taea toto kitea titers tiketike o paturopi ki tukumate. Iwi nei i mate o te mate huka rite ki te hua o ngā tikanga immunofluorescent o rangahau i roto i te moutere o Langerhans kite matūriki viral.

Ko te parau tumu whakahaere o te tukumate

Ko te ako whakamātau whakahaere e M. Balabolkin whakaū te whai wāhi o te mate ki te whanaketanga o te mate. E ai ki ana kitenga, i iwi te huaketo, i te haafifi i ki mate huka mellitus, mahi e whai ake nei:

- tuhia whara pūtau whakapeka (hei tauira Coxsackie B huaketo);

- i reira he vilitakí (ora roa) huaketo (kōpukupuku) ki te hanga i ngā tukanga autoimmune i roto i te kiko pakupaku kei.

Ko te etiology o cirrhosis

Tei runga i te take, kua wehea tenei māuiuitanga ki ngā rōpū e toru. Ko ētahi o ēnei, i roto i ngā:

1. Ki te āhuatanga etiological motuhake.
2. Ki te āhuatanga mahi whakapataritari i tautohetia.
3. O te etiology unknown.

Ko te ako o nga take o te kino

Ki te tāutu i ngā āhuatanga meinga cirrhosis, whakahaere rangahau haumanu, tahumaero me te taiwhanga. I te wa ano whakapumautia he hononga ki te whakamahi nui o te waipiro. Hoki te wa roa i whakapono matou puta taua cirrhosis i ngā āhuatanga o te pohokore waipiro. I roto i tenei whakaaro, i mohiotia tenei māuiuitanga rite alimentary kai ranei. I roto i te 1961, hanga Beckett kua he mahi i roto i i whakaahuatia e ia te kakā atamira whakapeka waipiro. I te wa ano fokotu'u reira e faarahi i tenei mate te mōrea o te cirrhosis e pā ana ki te waipiro horomanga. I muri whakapumautia pānga o te waihā i runga i te whakawhanake kakā paitini, e taea te neke i roto i te hematopoietic kino okana kiko. Tenei pā tino ki anō-whakawhiti o te mate.

waihā inenga mōrearea

Cirrhosis, meinga nei e waipiro, kōwhiri ki te wāhanga o te whakawhanake kakā whakapeka ma'i ranei. Ka taea te puta Diseases i roto i etahi atu ara. I roto i te katoa i reira e toru ngā wāhanga matua:

- fatty tupu o te tinana;

- Fibrosis ki mesenchymal tauhohenga;

- cirrhosis.

Ko te mōrea o te takanga o te mate rite ki te hua o te 15 tau o te whakamahi nui o waipiro he nui atu i te 8 ngā wā i te tetahi e tango te wahi i-tau e rima whakauru o waipiro. Pekvigno tāutu i mōrearea te waihā inenga mo te whanaketanga o te ate cirrhosis. Ko 80 g ia ra (200 g o vodka). He horopeta rā kino ko te whakamahi o te 160 go o waipiro me te ake. I roto i te heke mai, "Pekvigno tātai" ahua ke. I roto i nga wahine, waipiro tūtohutanga neke atu i rua atu i roto i nga tangata. i heke ētahi o te tsirrozogenny sex kaha noa atu ki te 40 g o te waihā ia ra, i roto i ētahi atu whakawhanake te mate, a ka tango 60 ml o te waipiro. Women ano makona me 20 ml o te waipiro ia ra. I roto i te whanaketanga o te cirrhosis waipiro o te ate whai takenga lipopolysaccharide nui tūranga-motuhake intestinal - endotoxin.

atu take

Ka taea te meinga Cirrhosis e disorders pūkoro whakaritea ira. Rua tamariki me ngā pakeke i kitea he rōpū i waenganui i te whanaketanga o te māuiuitanga me A1-antitrypsin hē. A1-antitrypsin ko te glycoprotein synthesized e te roto i te hepatocyte me te inhibitor o proteinases serine puaretanga tonu (elastase, trypsin, plasmin, chymotrypsin). Ki puta te whakamārama o te kore cholestasis i 5-30% o ngā tamariki, me te 10-15% o te ate cirrhosis puta i te tino taitama tau. Heoi, ara i roto i te wā o te āhua matüora o te maumaui he waitohunga te tikanga pai. I roto i te tau tawhito faarahi hoki te tūponotanga o te whakawhanake cirrhosis me ate mate pukupuku. Ko rawa pono o te iwi ki te emphysema tenei. kia hoki kia pakaru Operation o te ate, ka ingested matū me taka rongoā. Ko te hua ko te whakangaromanga taahiraa koi o te okana me kakā. I roto i te wā onge, whakawhanake ate cirrhosis. Hei tauira, waro tetrachloride taea meinga kakā momo paitini whakapeka, me te ētahi wā ma'i. Tenei māuiuitanga e taea, i roto i ētahi wā tahi e te necrosis nui, me te cirrhosis.