He aha te mea he raima geopolymer?

I nga wa katoa, whakamātautau me ngā, i whakawakia te ranunga, te whakakotahi kai māori, me te tāwhaiwhai pūtaiao whakahaere. Taua te taupiri whakaaetia ki te whiwhi rauemi ki te mahi nui, mai i te āhuatanga o te take mai tāwhaiwhai whakarei tau katoa te hunga āhuatanga e kua homai āhua. huaina rauemi whiwhi i roto i tenei ara e hiato polymeric ranei. Ko tētahi o ratou - te raima geopolymer, i te mea te rauemi hanga taiao, me te haumaru hou. Ko te kuhimua "geo" (i roto i te Kariki - "whenua") ko te haamauraa e kei te rauemi hou kai māori anake.

Auaha ranunga raima kore he tahi mea hou - kua mohiotia taua mea ki te tangata mai i nga wa onamata: i roto i te hanganga o te koeko i roto i Ihipa ki te whakamahi i ngā rauemi hanga rite. Kia aroha mai, tonu tona tunu tangohia te mea ngaro ki te tangata hou, engari ki te whakataki o te hangarau hou, i taea e ki te whakahoki i te hanganga āwhiwhiwhi, tikanga, me te whiwhi tata te taua tairitenga pūtaiao, geopolymer raima ko te mea i roto i nga wa onamata. Ko tenei meka anake te hanga hītori, me te hou pā reira anake i roto i te wahi.

Whakaahuatanga otinga auaha

Ko tētahi o nga āhuatanga tino nui o te ranunga raima auaha - whakaturia kaha mōrahi i roto i te wa poto ki te tino e whakapakeketia, e hiahiatia ana e ia he wiki anake, te mea te otinga tuku iho mō tenei hiahia rite 4 wa roa.

raima Geopolymer rite Portland sima, arā, o te maha wāhanga, engari te hanganga rerekē tino. Kei roto i te otinga hou te nuinga o te pungarehu, me te para - ururua o ahumahi rerekē. I mua, Kei te tino tukatuka taua ururua, ka whakapokea anake te taiao. O te akoranga, te take o rauemi auaha kore e whakaoti te raruraru tonu, engari pungarehu, me te para ka waiho he puna nui o ngā rauemi mata mo ratou hanga.

Ko te painga o te whakamahi i

E ai ki ngā tohunga, te raima geopolymer - he hua ki te heke mai nui: i rite ki Portland rata e whakamahia ai i roto i te hanga o te hanganga Kōmāmā. Ko e kore katoa te: i roto i o ratou āhuatanga teplosohranyayuschim o te ranunga raima hou he tawhiti pai ki rauemi hanga atu, e kua whakamahia i roto i te hanganga o ngā whare. Hei tauira, te matotoru taiepa o tenei geopolymer 30 anake cm pupuri wera me te pereki, engari he matotoru o 1.25 m.

Fakatatau ki ai, tono hoki te hanga o te otinga auaha, ka taea e koe te whakaora i te rota o te moni:

1. Ka taea e koe te hanga whare ki rauemi iti.
2. Nā ki te kawe ia waiariki iti o ngā rauemi hanganga geopolymer whakaiti te utu o te whakawera wāhi i roto i a ratou.

Āhuatanga matua

E ai ki tohunga te raima geopolymer ko te rauemi hanga o te heke mai mai te mea āhuatanga mahi pai, pērā i:

1. te na'ina'iraa Iti.
2. High kaha shock.
3. Ātete ki waikawa.
4. uruhanga Iti. Ko te tata rite ki te ofa'i tohu taua tenei auau.
5. ātete pai ki pāmahana teitei - ki runga ki + 1300 °. Scientists he whakamātau mō te 120 meneti ko te rōpū o te geopolymer raima me Portland sima ki pāmahana tiketike rawa whakahaere. I muri i taua, ko te hua o te ranunga auaha noho tino tonu, ia ka awhi o Portland he rota o kapiti me maramara.

Ko te āhuatanga tino faufaa o te otinga e whakaaro tatou he e tukuna reira he iti o ngā haurehu kati kōtuhi.

Ki te whakarite tatou i te hanganga o te rauemi whare hou, rite reira e o kohatu tūturu, ko te kupu kua āhuatanga ki runga ake rongoā tikanga. Ko tino nui - e taea te rite geopolymer raima ki o ratou ringa, rite kore he uaua. E mea titauhia anake ki te faaineine no te nga wae e tika ana.

Ko te taa o te hanganga

Ko te tino ohie te waihanga, me te wāhanga - e wātea ana: rere pungarehu, wai, te konurehu waihā, karaihe wai me te para. e hiahiatia ana i te whakauru whakamutunga te mo te kaha me te mauroa. Ko ia anake e kore e taea te tiaki i te hua oti i nga kapiti e he mooni i roto i te na'ina'iraa. Faaore i te ngoikoretanga o te aroaro o te rere pungarehu. I tua atu, whakaū wāhanga e rua ranunga raima, a taea e tu te reira i tetahi āhuatanga kino.

He aha pungarehu? No te mea noa i tahaki, kua tenei wae he āhuatanga tinana, me te hangarau tiketike, na tona whakataki i roto i te hanganga tauturu te whakapai ake i te āhuatanga kaha o te hua oti (ake taumata ofa'i).

tikanga hoki ki te whakarei ake i te kaha o te rauemi whare ngā i roto i te silicates konumohe. Kei te mahi ratou ki te alkali i roto i te tauhohe, e polymerized. Tenei hua he Monolith mārō. Ko reira hoatu tenei wae tauhohenga whanaketanga ki te putanga o tetahi ingoa rauemi - huaina te mea shlakoshchelochnyh ranunga raima.

Getting Started

, Me koe ki te faaineine koe i mua tīmata:

1. Raukaha.
2. Utauta.
3. Clothing.
4. Respirator.
5. Piro.
6. Karapu.
7. Tauine ki te aroturuki rahi.
8. Shuttering hanga, e ka maka i te otinga rite ranei.

He taipitopito nui: ki te whakakorikori hiahia koe ki te tango i te mata pokohiwi o te rauemi e kore e e tauhohe ki kawakore. e riro te reira i te taputapu pai i roto o te rakau.

Nui: whakaputa wera te ranu wae, pera me tango te Mixing ipu ātete ki te pāmahana teitei. Ki te hiahia koe i te otinga rite hohoro piri, ka taea e apu i te electrolytes i roto i te formwork. I roto i tenei take, ano me rite ratou i roto i mua.

tunu hoki

Handyman, e faaoti ki te hanga i te raima geopolymer ki o ratou ringa, kei matua hiahia i roto i te hanganga tangohia o te ranunga. I roto i te tukutuku i reira he kahore tohutaka rite, no te mea pupuri nga kaihanga reira ngaro, a ki te mahi i runga i te whakapai ake i te rauemi hanga auaha tonu pūtaiao. Ka taea e kitea e koe he maha ngā rerekētanga o te tunu, engari i whakaarohia tuatahi reira e te hanganga taketake kua noho tata tonu.

I muri i te reira, ki te hanga o 1,0 l otinga geopolymer faaineine i:

• 550 go o rere pungarehu, me te rite nui para;
• wai 110 g;
• 240 go o karaihe wai;
• 180 go o 45% KOH.

He wāhanga katoa i runga i te hoko, a ka taea e kitea e koe a ratou, kahore tetahi raruraru. O te akoranga, te utu whiwhi i roto i te hua mutunga ka waiho ki runga ake i analogues o mau sima Portland, engari he tawhiti pai ki to ratou kaha huānga raima.

Ko te hangarau faaineineraa

Ki te whai koe i te wāhanga e tika ana katoa me taputapu, a ka taea e koe te faaineine koe geopolymer raima. Ko te hangarau ohie nui, engari me tika ki te tino ū ki te tūtohutanga katoa:

1. I roto i te ruma i reira kawea te mahi i roto i, kia haumākū iti ki te konurehu waihā kore te "tere". No te mea o tenei āhuatanga o waihā te nuinga decompressed i mua noa i hoatu ki otinga.
2. KOH he pukuriri rauemi nui, na te mahi ki a ratou he tika, te whakamahi i tiaki taputapu - karapu me mōwhiti.
3. Kei te whakaaro ano hoki karaihe wai ki te kia kore-hygroscopic me pukuriri - ki ki a ia kia iti tūpato.
4. kia kawea te mahi katoa i runga i te pokepokenga i roto i hohoro.

Ki te kei te whakamahi koe i te whakaranu raima, ka mahi i roto i te raupapa e whai ake nei:

1. Ringihia i roto i te wai. Whakamahia wai makariri e kore e taea e - kia waiho reira mahana.
2. Mimiti para me te pungarehu.
3. Kia Ko te pai i konatunatua katoa, tāpiri i te waerau.
4. Whāranu ano tae noa ki te otinga ōrite.
5. Ringihia te ranunga ki pakete.

He taipitopito nui: te pungarehu rere ko te taonga ki te ingoa taiao tika nanakia, engari te whakawhetai ki tona whakamahinga o ngä raima riro kaha nui, e pupuri ana i te wa rawa te roa. Na, ki te he mea nui ki te tiki i te rauemi roa, ka taea e koe te whakamahi i te pungarehu, engari ki te nui kaiao, Ka taea e pungarehu tango iti, a whakakapi wahi o taua mea ki te raima.

niao

Hei hanga taipitopito o te rahi e hiahiatia ana me te āhua, ka taea e koe te whakamahi i te casing taua rite taua mo te mau sima Portland. E aroha tono ratou ki te horoi me te whakahinuhinu te whakapau ranei tetahi atu (ara huawhenua) hinu. Muri eke armature (ki te hiahiatia), a ka anake ki tonu te puka e ki te paru raima. A, no te whakakī he tika ki te kia tino kore e noho tonu i roto i te feāvaaki, e tika ana ki nei o te geopolymer taea papa raima anganga i te heke mai.

Kua kotahi ra tā preform: te kiriata i hanga i runga i te mata o reira. ka whakanui i tona aroaro te solidity o nga rauemi, a ka taea e tu ratou kawenga teitei.

kōwhiringa otinga

Hoki te pā o ngā, tenei rauemi, ko te mara whānui mo te whakataki o tetahi zadumok: hanga taea te whakamahi i te ranunga raima tetahi matū organic. Ko te kupu, Ka taea e wāhanga tununga mahi rite te teriuma wai-wairewa. Ko tētahi atu kōwhiringa - whakamahia i roto i te wahi o PVA te kāpia, na te emulsifier he polyvinyl waipiro, e kua i roto i tona hanganga.

Ētahi whakamahi i roto i te hanga o te rakau tapatapahi. te tunu te reira i roto i te wai, me te tukinotia ki pekerangi maimoatanga, aru e whakapanga i roto i te whakaranu mō te tūhono ki ētahi atu wāhanga, ki te riro rite te hua te raima geopolymer. Me pēhea te ki te hanga kia e te otinga hua e whiwhi i te āhua e hiahiatia, ora tere? Hoki tenei whakaaro, kua ringihia ai ki te formwork ki te electrodes roto nei ka i roto i 60 meneti o te rongo hiko. A e kore e te mau hiko tika i te whatunga, ka haere i roto i te kaitahuri. Kia kua whakapakeke kongakonga tukatuka, nekehia atu te formwork te i reira, ka hangaia e whai ake nei huānga.

Whiwhi premixed

Ehara i nga kaiwhakamahi ranei ariki rite ki te whakamātau - e kore e maha iwi hiahia ki te hanga raima hanganga, me ki te hoko i te rite-hanga, rawa mai i kore e kore fifi i roto i te kimi i te hanganga whakatika: neke atu i te 4 tau i roto i Russia he raima geopolymer wātea ana i runga i te pūtake o te paru raw rauemi PT. Manufacturers whakahere rama rerekē, te uara o e tei runga i te maha o ngā wāhanga, me ratou hanganga. Ka taea e rauemi hanga Hoko kia i te puka o ranunga maroke i roto i nei kahore hardener.

I te hoko ko te tito rite-hanga, me te hanga Russian, me te ke. Ratou rerekētanga - te utu, me te tere o te solidification.

He pārekareka ki te whakaputa i te rama e whai ake nei Russia:

1. "Stone Flower".
2. "Sebryakovcement".
3. "Group Eurocement".

O ngā umanga ke he rauemi rongonui o enei kamupene:

1. German sima Heidelberger.
2. GRUPOSUBDI Spanish.
3. LAFARGE French.

Painga o ngā rauemi oti

I teie mahana, ka taea e koe te hoko rite-hanga reni raima o rama rerekē. E hanga ana ratou ki te tawhā e whai ake nei:

1. Ātete - waitohu W-W 2 12.
2. Frost - waitohu i 50 F ki 300 F.
3. Mauroa - tohu o M 50 ki M 500.

Ano, i roto i te ranunga oti - mō te haratau i roto i te whāwhā - wāhanga rōrahi o ia momo o filler taea rerekē ki runga ki te hua mutunga e hiahiatia ana rānei. Kei te whakaurua hoki sima Geopolymer i te raima, engari kei te maha whakakapi reira i rere pungarehu. kia Ko tōna nui rite ki te moni o nga wahi o mongamonga kohatu, onepu me te sima.