He aha te mea pyrolysis? Tautuhi i te ariā o te tukanga

He aha te mea pyrolysis? He aha te mea te auraa kua reira mo te ahumahi matū hou? Ka mahi matou ki te take.

I runga i te pyrolysis o waiwaro

Na, he aha te mea pyrolysis? Ko te whakamāramatanga o tenei tukanga tā te whāwehe waiariki o te pūhui waro, kahore te aroaro o te hāora. I raro ki te mimiti haere o te hinu, waro, rakau. I muri i te tukanga hua hau te kōtuitanga, me ētahi atu ngā hua mutunga.

tukanga Āhuatanga

kawea pyrolysis tauhohenga i roto i te pāmahana o te 800 ki te 900 nekehanga. whakaaro ana tēnei tukanga ko te kotahi tuatahi mo te hanganga o te ethylene. Tenei pūwaro hamanga ko te feedstock nui mo te momo o ngā pūhui matū waro: benzene, divinyl propylene.

te rakau pyrolysis

Tautohetohe i runga i te mea he pyrolysis, mōhio tatou e mo te wa tuatahi i tenei hangarau he tukatuka matū o te hinu, me te kua hau kua arai AA Summer i roto i 1877. He aha te mea te pyrolysis o te rakau? kawea ana tēnei tauhohenga i roto i te pāmahana o e pā ana ki 500 nekehanga. Kei te whai pānga te reira ki te hanganga o ngā wāhanga tino pērā hua matū rite waikawameha ahetiki, waro, kapia, hauwaiwaro. Hoatu e to tatou whenua ko te "taonga" o ngahere i roto i te Russia whakahaere tipu nui mo te tukanga rakau pyrolysis.

ururua pyrolysis

Pyrolysis o ururua ko te kaupapa motuhake mo te whakangaromanga o te ururua whare. Ko te whīwhiwhi o te pyrolysis o kirihou, potae, ngā ururua organic tika ki te meka e te riro hangarau rerekē, e rerekē tino i te tukanga o te tukatuka i ētahi atu rauemi mārō.

Ko te hanganga o te maha ururua he whanariki, māota, ūkuikui, e i muri hāora (hanganga o waikura) whiwhi āhuatanga pähekeheke. Ko te hua pyrolysis ko te riri ki te taiao.

A, no te hanga e te pāhekoheko o te māota ki matū organic i muri i te otinga o te tukanga whāwehe, i reira he he tukunga tonu pūhui kikino pērā i dioxins. I roto i te tikanga ki te hopu i ēnei hua emit paowa, titau te tāutanga motuhake o te pyrolysis. titau te tukanga taua utu rauemi nui.

No te whenua Pākehā, faufaa rahi kaiao o ko te raruraru o te hangarua o potae tawhito, wāhanga rapa nei i rite to ratou ora mahi. Nā ki te meka e te feedstock hinu māori ko whakaaro koha kohuke, kia whakamahia ki te whānuitanga mōrahi rauemi tuarua.

O te whare, me te hanganga otaota e taea te tiki i te momo nui o ngā matū o hanganga waro me inorganic, na he mea nui ki te whakawhanake i tenei rohe ahumahi.

Waerau me potae e te rauemi raw tino nui. I muri tukatuka i te pyrolysis iti-pāmahana e taea te whiwhi hautanga wai o waiwaro kukū (hinu waihanga), he hau combustible, toenga waro me te taura maitai. A, no te tahu toni e tukua rapa tupare ki te huru o te tikanga o 270 kg o waro pango, me te pā ana ki 450 kg o matū paitini haurehu waihā.

hau Synthesis

Tenei ranunga o te hauwai me te waro hāoratahi (2). I roto i te tauine ahumahi e whiwhi i te reira na roto i te whakahaere mamaoa ripeneta o mewaro, gasification o waro, te mewaro tukatuka hāora o te ururua organic. Tei runga i te hangarau e hua i te hau te kōtuitanga, ai taea te ōwehenga o te haukino me te hauwai rerekē i roto i te whānuitanga o i 1: 1 ki te 1: 3.

I roto i nga tono nui o te rauemi raw e te reira tuu methanol ahumahi motuhake me Fischer-Tropsch kōtuitanga. E pā ana te reira ki te tauhohe matū e puta i roto i te aroaro o te whakakōkī. Kei a ia i roto i te faafariuraa o te haukino me te hauwai i roto i te whānuitanga o waiwaro wai. Fele rite kaiwhakakökï (accelerators) tīpakohia tenei pāhekoheko te hinu, me te rino.

Ko te pū o tenei tukanga te kaha ki te whakaputa i nga papanga waihanga mō rātou tono i roto i te puka o te hinu lubricating waihanga wahie ranei.

Pū o te whiwhi

He aha te mea te matū o te tauhohenga? Kia tamata o ki te feruri i roto i te mea ko reira. Kua Whakamāramatanga o te pyrolysis kua kōrerotia i runga ake, a inaianei arotahi ki te āhuatanga o te tukanga matū. tukanga Fischer-Tropsch tā te tauhohe i te mewaro ki te hāora. hua tauhohe He waro haukura , me te hauwai. hoatu te tauhohenga pūwaro raupapa waiwaro tahi, me te kohu wai. hanga e te reira i hua pūwaro i muri i whakamahia e purea te ki te waihanga i tētahi hinu waihanga.

Meaning pyrolysis

Te waro haukura hau me te hau hauwai i hanga e te piti hāora wāhanga o te rakau, me te waro. Ko te hiranga o te tukanga taua ko te hanganga o totoka rauemi raw (ururua pūwaro waro ranei) hauwai ranei waiwaro wai.

A, no te he wā pyrolysis nonoxidative o te ururua totoka i roto i te ahumahi matū hua kōtuitanga hau. whakamahia ētahi o reira te i roto i te wahie waka kahore tukatuka atu mā te ngohengohe te tauhohenga Fischer-Tropsch. Ki te tika, te whakamahi i te wahie paraffins rite wai, me te hinu tono hangarau matū māmā.

Ki te mea e tika ana ki te whakapiki ake i te nui o hauwai whakaputaina e te huringa i roto i te rōrahi o te mamaoa ngā te i roto i tenei whārite taurite matū. I roto i te take i taua, i muri i te otinga o te tauhohenga hua hauwai me te hauhā.

hangarau Improvement

I muri i te kitenga, i hanga i roto i te 1920 e te kairangahau Tiamana Hans Tropsch ko Frantsem Fisherom, toutou hou hangarau, ake. Ina e tae te maha o te wahie waihanga i hanga e te pyrolysis, i Germany 124 mano etahi oko, ia ra. vai te tohu pērā i roto i 1944.

hurihuri

I tčnei wā, i reira e rua ngā kamupene nui, e kua whakamahia i roto i tona hangarau Fischer-Tropsch. Te nuinga wahie diesel whakaputaina e te pyrolysis o Āwherika ki te Tonga, i hanga hua hāora muri.

Ngā aro te riro hangarau matū hoatu i muri timata pūtaiao ki te titiro mō ngā huarahi ki te whakaputa i matū diesel iti-whanariki ahei ki te meinga kino iti ki te taiao. Hei tauira, feedstock tēnei wā US kamupene Coke waro ranei tīpakohia, whai waiwaro wai o te kounga teitei.

Ahakoa te meka e te tukanga pyrolysis ko te pakari hangarau e taea te whakamahi i runga i te tauine nui, kua whai pānga te reira ki te utu rauemi āhua tiketike mō ngā hanga me te tiaki o te tāutanga. No te kaiwhakanao maha, ko te haamăta'ui tenei, no te mea i reira te mea he hehema ki raro ao utu hinu.

mutunga

He nui rāhui waro World nui. Ka taea te whakamahi ratou rite te puna wahie tika ki te kēkeno o hinu faufaa. Kaitätari whai wāhi i roto i te hinu, me te hau ahumahi, e whakaaro e na pyrolysis taea hua waiwaro-kounga tiketike. mōhio ratou e te wahie hua kore noa he mahi taiao teitei i roto i rite ki te hinu wahie, engari ano maitai manakohia ki kiritaki i runga i te whānuitanga utu. I roto i te take o te huinga o Fischer-Tropsch me koiora gasification he taea ki te kōrero e pā ana ki te tikanga whaihua mō te hokohoko i te whakakopa wahie pereoo ahua.

Waihanga rauemi raw whiwhi i te pyrolysis o waro he whakataetae anake ka te utu o te hinu i runga i $ 40 te oko. Ko e tika ana hoki te hanga o te ranunga taua o waiwaro ki te haumi i roto i te whānuitanga o e whitu ki te iwa piriona tāra mō te waru tekau mano oko, o wahie waihanga. Hangarau e pā ana ki te tukanga pyrolysis, mohio e taiao i roto i te tino taiao. Ko te aha i roto i nga tau tata nei, he maha nga whenua whakawhanakehia e whakarongo nui ki te whanaketanga o ngā tikanga hou mō te whakaputa kora pūwaro, e pai tukua ki a ratou te neke atu i te hinu rauemi raw tuku iho. Nā ki te tukanga pyrolysis auaha me mekameka whakapai ake hangarau hei kua tino iti me māmā ki te whiwhi i te waiwaro wai-kounga tiketike. whakamahia te hua hua te rite wahie kore anake, engari ano mo te momo o ngā matū waro.