He aha te mea te tank French pai? tauira Overview

Tank-hanga i roto i to tatou wa - tetahi o nga ngā ārahi i roto i ngā take hōia. Kua tonu kua rongonui mo te maha mana Pākehā, tae atu France Development o patu. Tenei whenua Ko tetahi o aua āhua, e taea te humarie kiia i roto i nga kaiwhakatū o nga hoia Armoured. Na reira, ka kawea he arotake taipitopito o waka tauā French i roto i tenei tuhinga, nga tauira tātari me kei te hītori o ratou whanaketanga.

prehistory

Te tangata e matau e te hanga o waka tauā, rite taua, timata i roto i te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao. France i te rua o nga whenua kua tangohia e te waka tauā i runga i te parekura.

Ko rite te tank French tuatahi i roto i Mahuru 1916. Ko tōna kaihanga ko Jean Etienne, e, i ata korero, whakaaro te te papa taketake o te whanaketanga tank French. Tenei rangatira ko te rangatira o ngā kaimahi o te ropu pū. mohio ia me pehea ki te huri i te āhuatanga i runga i te mua, a no te mea kei te whakamahi i te whakaaro tuatahi i roto i te pakaruhanga o te rārangi hoariri o ārai waka aroturuki. I muri i taua, i roto i te rohe i whakahoki, whakaritea ia ki te whakatū me te pū ki te pehi i resistance hoariri mai tenei tūranga. Here Me hanga tatou i te parau nui: waka Armoured, e karanga tatou nga waka tauā i te Wīwī i aua ra i huaina i "tarakihana huaki pū."

Tīmata o production

Ko te whakahau nui o te French, rite te nuinga rangatira hōia o ētahi atu whenua i taua wa, ka mau te whakaaro o te tank hanga tino tupato, me te taetuí. Heoi, ko Etienne tamau a i te tautoko o General Joffe, na homai whakaaetanga i ki te hanga i te tauira taketake. kamupene "Renault" i roto i aua tau o te rangatira engineering. E ia whakaarohia Etienne ki te whakatuwhera i tētahi wā hou o waka Armoured. Otiia i takoha whakahaere te kamupene o ki te paopao ki, ūkuia te meka e kore ratou e whai wheako ki waka aroturuki.

I roto i tenei whakaaro, tukua tank Wīwī i ki te hanga i te kamupene "Schneider", i te mea te kaihanga nui o ngā patu, a i te wheako o "Holt" i roto i te tono i te tarakihana. Ka rite ki te hua, i roto i te tīmatanga o 1916 riro te kamupene he tikanga mo te 400 tāke, i muri mai ka mohiotia rite te CA1 ( "Schneider").

Āhuatanga o te waka Armoured tuatahi

Mai kore i hanga i tetahi ngā ariā tank tūmatanui, i roto i tenei whakaaro, kua riro France taatou rerekē e rua o tāke, e rua o nei i hāngai i runga i te tauira o te tarakihana moka. Ina whakaritea ki English French tank waka Armoured i kahore anuhe puta noa i te whare i runga i te paenga. I tū ratou i runga i nga taha, me te tika i raro i te anga. Kua tupu tahuhu, i whakaaetia ki te mahi i te mīhini, kahore uaua. Ano, whakarite he hoahoa taua whakamarie ki te kaumoana. Heoi, whakairihia te wahi mua o te tinana motokā i runga i te ara, me te mea riro irresistible tetahi fakafaingata'a'ia'anga poutū.

Tank Lui Reno

I muri ka reira mārama e te whare tank - he aronga whaihua, ka tahuri hoki ki te kamupene "tenault" Etienne. I tenei wa i taea ki te whakapuaki i te raruraru ki te kaiwhakanao te rangatira - ki te waihanga i tētahi tank marama ki te silhouette iti me te whakaraeraetanga iti, nei matua mahi ko ki te tautoko i te hōia i roto i te whawhai. "Renault FT" - Ka rite ki te hua o te waka tauā marama French i hanga.

he whakatupuranga hou o te taputapu

Tank "Renault FT-17" whakaaro te te tauira tuatahi o te tank, kua oti nei te tono te tahora matarohia (wehenga pūkaha kei muri, whawhai wehenga - i roto i te pokapū, me te wehenga o te whakahaere - mua), engari ano hoki i te pourewa e taea te takahuri 360 nekehanga.

ko te waka e rua - he taraiwa-mīhini me te rangatira, e i whai wāhi i roto i te tukunga pū pū ranei.

Patu ki te tāke i taea e te taputapu ranei te pū mīhini. pohewatia "Cannon" kē tāutanga pū semiautomatic "Gochkiss SA18" diameter 37 mm o. Guidance pū kawea e te okiokinga pokohiwi motuhake, tuku ki te mahi i te matamata poutū i roto i te whānui i -20 ki +35 nekehanga.

I whakaratohia huriaro tank me te tautoko i te awa tautoko, ārahi wira, aru i tensioning tīwiri tikanga, e, i roto i te tahuri, kua i krupnozvenchatymi me cogging.

I roto i te wahi aft o te tank i te taiapa, i roto i nei i taea ki te meatia rakau diameter o 0,25 mita, ki te hinga i te rua me ngā rua o te whanui ake ki 1.8 mita te mīhini me i taea te tu i te pukapuka i te koki o 28 nekehanga. Ko te iti rawa tahuri pūtoro o te tank i 1.41 mita.

Ko te mutunga o te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao

I roto i tenei wā, i hanga General Etienne he ngana ki te waihanga ope tank motuhake, i mahara ki te waiho i te wehenga i waenganui i te marama, reo me te mīhini taimaha. Heoi, i te tinana o te whānui he whakaaro, a ka, mai 1920, nga tari katoa hōia tank kaimahi. I roto i tenei whakaaro, i reira ko tetahi wehenga o te kaieke hoiho, me te hoia tāke.

Otiia kihai i te ngākau me te mahi o Etienne i noa - tae noa ki 1923, te kamupene «FCM» hanga he waka tauā taimaha 2c tekau-purero. I roto i te tahuri, te whakawhetai ki te kamupene "Timina", i reira ko te peka French o tāke M tauira, i ngā i roto i taua e whakamahia ratou wā me te ara, me wira enei mihini. taea te ke momo o pūkaha i runga i nga huru e karapoti ana rānei.

hōtaka motorization Army

I roto i te 1931, ka anga ki te whakarongo motuhake ki te wira me te reconnaissance waka France. I roto i tenei whakaaro, kua whakaurua te kamupene "tenault" te hou i te wa o te marama Amr tank. Kei te hono tahi tenei pourewa mīhini me te tinana i te tikanga o te anga koki me rivets. Kua whakaturia e te koki kouma o te tokonga ake pepa whakarewa. neke te pourewa i ki te taha ki maui, ka pūkaha - ki te tika. ngā te waka o i whakarārangitia iwi e rua. patu Paerewa rua pu - Reibel ërä 7.5 mm o me krupokaliberny Hotchkiss (13,2 mm).

motokā rereke Armoured

whanaketanga mōrahi o waka tauā French i roto i te wā o 1936-1940 tau. Ko te tika tenei ki ko te ara te riri hōia fai e te hōia French i pai mōhio.

Ko tētahi o nga waka tauā, i tomo mahi i roto i te 1934, i B1. whakakitea Ko tōna mahi i reira drawbacks nui: tāutanga tika o patu i roto i te take, te tohu tiketike o whakaraeraetanga o te tahuhu, te tohatoha noatia o ngā mahi i waenganui i te mau melo o te tāngata. whakaaturia Practice kua e i roto i te meka i te taraiwa ki te maka i te mana o te mīhini me ki te kawe i roto i te supply o matā. arahina tenei ki te meka e rite ki te hua o te tank ka he ūnga tū.

I roto i te tua, he āwangawanga motuhake ko e founga te patu mīhini. tāke taimaha French, me te ratou ritenga wahi ke i roto i te ao nei, kua whakaritenga motuhake mo ratou tiaki. B1 kihai ratou i ū.

Na hopea, tino nui - i utu rawa i roto i te hanga, mahi, me te tiaki B1. O nga mau huru pai o te mīhini, ko te reira utu te tuhituhi tona tere tiketike, me te whāwhā pai.

tauira ake

Whakaaro i te tāke taimaha French, kia tino utu koe whakarongo ki te mīhini B-1 bis. Ko te taimaha o te tank 32 taranata, a ko te rahinga o te paparanga Armoured 60 mm. Tenei taea te waka ki te ite iho zvschischennym i pu German anake pū antiaircraft flak 36 ërä 88 mm. I whakapakaritia hoki te reira i rākau o te riri.

I tahaki, haere he motokā Armoured i roto o maka wahi. Ko te pourewa ano hoki i hanga e maka ana, ka eke te te whare i te maha o ngā wāhanga Armoured tuatihia e raka.

Ka taea te whakaaro e minamina ana Tāuke te aroaro o te tank o te booster waipēhi, tuku ki te whakahaere i te colossus maha-ton, kahore tetahi uaua.

Ka rite ki patu whakamahia e te CA-35 75 mm ërä repo, i kei i runga i te ringa matau o te kaiakiaki. Koki o tairanga o 25 nekehanga me te declination - 15. Ko te pu whakapae i te warea mārō.

Hoki i wātea he pū "Chatellerault" ërä 7.5 mm. I eke ia tika i raro i te pū. Hei ahi i taea reira rite te rangatira taraiwa me te tank. I te wa ano i whakamahia keu hiko.

E tomo te tank i taea e i roto i te tatau Armoured i te taha ki matau, pao, kei roto i te pourewa me i te nohoanga o te taraiwa, me te rua tomokanga whawhati tata - i kei i te raro kotahi me tetahi i runga i te tihi o te wehenga pūkaha.

Ano hoki rawa tenei tank French i ki te tāke wahie whaiaro-taatiraa me gyro arotahi. waka motokā whakahaeretia i roto i te maha o wha. Ka taea te whakaaro te āhuatanga motuhake o te mīhini te aroaro o te teihana reo irirangi, i taua wa ko e he rarity.

I roto i te Tama'i II o te Ao

i te aroaro tāke French o te Ao Tuarua ki te mihini e whai ake nei:

• Hotchkiss H35 - mīhini, whakawhanakehia e "Gochkiss". I roto i tona tāhuraro tono e ono awa mo ia taha. Tata wāhanga katoa o te tank kua maka. i māngai Arms pū 37 mm. a patu te matotoru 34 mm o ki 45 mm, i runga i tona wāhi rānei.
• Renault R35 - tank ki tahora puāwaitanga. I kiia te mīhini katoa, me te hononga napikeni. i maka Corps. I whakaratohia firepower pū me ngā pū mīhini. Ko te tipu te mana - te pūkaha carbureted mana wha-rango o 83 horsepower. Kia aroha mai, kua te tank kua puhoi. I te taimaha o te 10 taranata tinana, anake ia i taea e tae tere o 19 km / h, i reira i iti rawa te tautoko mō ngā wae hoia.
• tank waenganui hōia "Reno D-2 '- mīhini ki tika matotoru patu me te tere puhoi o kaupapa. i Tank pū te diameter o pū mīhini 47 mm - 7.5 mm. Pourewa hurihanga me te pū kawea e hua ringa. I ia taha o rango 14 i whakamahia.
• Somua S35 - tank ki powerplant muri-eke. Engine - Carburetor, waru-rango, wai-matao o. i whakanoho iho tahuhu ki te tuku ā-ringa. Hei whakahaere i te mīhini whakamahia pārōnaki rua. Ko te whakatārewatanga ko awa whakauru. āhuatanga tinana ko te aroaro o nga mongamonga ono o patu whakarawatia runga. i mārō pourewa Hexagonal. te kaiwhakau ia te reira i te repo, me te mīhini pū. Ko te matotoru o te patu frontal rite ki te 36 mm, taha - 41 mm, te pourewa patu frontal - 56 mm. Ka taea e anake nga drawbacks e runga tere iti o te tank, rawa i runga i nga whenua taratara.

ra i muri i te pakanga

Whāngai i roto i te 1946, kua arahina te hōtaka tank-hanga ki te mea ka anga ki te kia hua te pai tāke French.

I roto i te tau 1951 ka haere mai te tank marama amx-13 i te nekeneke. āhuatanga Ko tōna āhuatanga te pourewa kōpiupiu.

Battle Tank amx-30 ka anga ki te kia whakaputaina i roto i te 1980. Ko tōna whakaritenga e te kaupapa matarohia. reira nga tikanga Driver i te taha ki maui. Hōia pū me te tank rangatira kei roto i te wehenga whawhai i te taha ki matau o te pū, ka tohutohutia te taua toa noho i runga i te tika. Ko te rōrahi o te waka tauā wahie he 960 rita. Kariri ko 47 matā.

Tank amx-32 kua he papatipu o 40 tana. Ka rite ki protrudes ringa pū 120 mm, 20 mm pū M693 pū mīhini, me te 7,62 mm. Kariri - 38 rauna. Na roto i te ara tank Ko te ahei o tere o 65 km / h. ringa stabilization pūnaha tuimotu. I roto i te aroaro o te mamati ballistic rorohiko, taiaho rangefinder. Hei te mahi i te po e whakamahia i honoa e ki te kāmera pū "Thomson S5R". Ka taea te whakamana aritanga a tawhio ki waru periscopes. Ano, rite rawa te tank kua ki te pūnaha ahi pehanga me te whāhauhau, whakaturia ki te hanga i ngā mata paowa.

Ko te putanga kaweake

Ki te ngā i te tauira i runga ake waka tauā French o France patu, i hua anake tank amx-40 mō te kaweake. ahi arata'iraa me ngā pūnaha whakahaere whakahere he 90% tupono o te patu i te ūnga, e taea te kupu nei te kei i te tawhiti o 2000 mita. Ko te kupu i te kau o te rapunga ki te whakangaromanga o te ūnga haere 8 anake hēkona. Ko te motokā motor - diesel, 12-rango, engine turbocharged. Kei te hono te reira ki te tuku aunoa 7p, e taea ai e koe te whakawhanake kaha 1300 l. he., engari i muri whakakapia te tuku Tiamana i ki te ōrite French. I runga i te tank huarahi kua he tere runga o 70 km / h.

te wā hou

Ki te rā, te nuinga o tank hou French - amx-56 "Leclerc". I whakarewahia Ko tōna production rangatū hoki i roto i te 1991.

āhuatanga tank e te nui rawa o te waiwai o te hikohiko, te uara tapeke o te mea rite ki te hawhe te utu o te mīhini katoa. Ko te tahora o te tank - he aronui. Ko te rākau o te riri matua whakanohoia i roto i te pourewa.

mīhini Haana - maha-apa, me rite rawa ki gaskets hanga o ngā rauemi uku. Ko te wahi mua o te whare kua he hoahoa modular e hanga e mea ohie ki te huri i ngā wāhanga pakaru.

Kei te hoki rawa te tank ki te pūnaha e tiaki te waka i patu o te whakangaromanga papatipu, me te whakatupato e pā ana ki te pūnaha taiaho irradiation.

Ko te wehenga pūkaha whawhai, me te he pūnaha whakanoatanga tere-ahi. Ka taea te fai No raruraru me te paowa mata i te tawhiti o runga ki te 55 mita.

Ko te pū tank matua ko te pū SM-120-26 120 mm. I tua atu, i te aroaro o pū ërä rerekē e rua. Fighting Machine taimaha - 54.5 taranata.