He momo o ngā tipu. He aha te mea he rerenga kētanga tipu momo

E whakaata mai i te matapihi ranei tika e haere ki raro te huarahi, noa e taea e koe te faahiahia i te ataahua o te natura. Na hanga tenei ataahua katoa te waiwai tika otaota. he momo pērā o kanapa, hauhau, me te reka, ratou tawhiri tika ki pa ki a ratou, He pārekareka ki a ratou te rongo, me te nui ki te faahiahia i te kororia.

Ko te kanorau o te tipu kaiao

Aue, he aha i reira ko te momo o ngā tipu! Tapeke ki te rā, i reira e ki runga 350,000 ngā momo o enei mea ahurei o te natura. e kore e te taua rite te hanganga waho, a ki runga ki āhua me ngā āhuatanga roto katoa o ratou.

I roto i te pūnaha organic ao tangohia te rangatiratanga tipu katoa. Ka pera te whakarōpū māmā o enei rauropi:

• raro (te wehea tinana ki whēkau, tenei pükohu me pukoko);
• teitei (kua wehea te tinana ki whekau, ko te hunga e whai he pakiaka, aukati me rau).

I roto i te tahuri, whakaaturia te kanorau o te kāwai teitei tipu momo i roto i te wehenga ki te rōpū e whai ake nei:

1. Spore (talingelingá, kaponga, horsetails, talingelingá karapu).
2. Gymnosperms (conifers, Ginkgo, sagovnikovye).
3. Angiosperms, ngā tipu whaipua ranei.

Ia rōpū he ona ake pūnahanaha akomanga, puninga me ngā momo, i te mea he aha te mea nui he momo o te tipu i runga i to tatou paraneta.

puka Life

Ko tētahi o nga whenua matua i runga i nei rerekē te māngai o te otaota i ia atu, ko te ahua. Ko tenei āhuatanga o te pūtake mo te whakarōpū o ngā puka ora. Ka taea te kite Plant kanorau, ki te whakarōpū tatou ratou ki ngā rōpū:

1. Trees (conifers: pine, te puruhi, kauri, me te rite: te hōtoke: birch, oki, papara, aporo, me ētahi atu).
2. Rakau (lilac, he aramona, rewarewa, a na i runga i. D.).
3. Rakau (currants, whakatika hope, raspberries).
4. Rakau iti (te taru kawa, Astragalus, eurotia, Salsola).
5. Semishrubs (lavender, paari).
6. Tarutaru (tarutaru whāriki, wiwi, wareware-ahau, hiri, rengarenga o Horomona, a na i runga i).

hipokina ana tēnei whakarōpūtanga anake teitei tipu whaipua, o nei e te nuinga o te ao.

pükohu

Ko te momo o te tipu me te kararehe i roto i te moana, me ngā moana, kua tonu kua whakamoemititia e kairangahau me te hunga i aroha o te ao raro katoa. Ataahua me rerekē, ātaahua, mōrearea, me te mau rākau, kia ratou ake te ao katoa, e kore e tino unexplored, kia ataahua, me te ngaro.

He aha e nga māngai o te otaota kitea konei? Tenei pükohu me tipu moana, i pupuri i te mata wai ngaro i roto i tona hoki, me te wahi o te kakau ranei.

E wehea Algae ki te maha ngā wāhanga:

1. Blue-matomato (hei tauira, cyanobacterium).
2. Rauropi pūtau matomato (chlamydomonas, Volvox).
3. Green multicellular (ulothrix, Spirogyra, Ulvi).
4. Rimurapa (fucus, rimurapa, Sargassum).
5. Whero (whero radimeriya).

Ko te āhuatanga motuhake matua o enei otaota ngā i roto i te meka e ratou tinana (i roto i te māngai multicellular) e kore e wehea i runga i nga okana. Kei te māngai te reira e rhizoids me rau tuawhiti, e mahi ana i te mahi o te tāpiritanga ki te tïpako.

Tupu hākinakina wai

E kore te te kanorau o ngā momo tipu no ki te reo wai iti ki pükohu. Na e pai ki tona kororia maha māngai puawai ataahua, tere i runga i te mata wai ranei totohu ki reira he wahi anake.

Ko ētahi o ēnei:

• momo rerekē o te rengarenga wai;
• calla;
• vodokras noa;
• wiwi;
• hippuris;
• loosestrife monetchaty;
• te manaaki i;
• Bolotnitsa ngira;
• mana;
• wai Urrutia;
• iris Siberian;
• wai Ranunculus;
• Air repo me te tini ke atu.

He nui Plant kanorau tote me tinana hou wai e taea e koe te hanga i whenua katoa, e rua tāwhaiwhai, me te taiao. whakamahi iwi tipu ki te whakapaipai kākahi, roto Ngaio whakapaipai me ētahi atu puna tangata-i hanga.

spore

Tenei rōpū ngā pā ana ki 43 mano. Tuhinga o tari rerekē o te tipu teitei. Ko te hunga matua ko te whai ake:

• Bryophyta (talingelingá, ate, antotserotovye, horahia Moss);
• Lycopsids (talingelingá karapu);
• Horsetail (Equisetum).

Ko te āhuatanga matua - ko reira he ara o uri, i te whakaiti i te hanganga o ngā pūtau motuhake - pua. ngā ano ko te meka e ora i enei tipu, e mau ana i roto i whakarerekētanga o whakatupuranga i te huringa whanaketanga: kua fetongi whakatupuranga fakasekisualé sporophyte tōkai gametophyte, a hurihia. e kore e taea e ki te puawai me te puka purapura, me hua māngai taua, a na reira no ki te kāwai o te spore. Ko te tino ti'aturi i runga i te wai to ratou ora rite tupuranga puta noa i roto i te taiao takawai.

Māngai i auraa ōhanga nui, me te e whakamahia whānuitia i roto i te āhua e kore anake, engari ano i roto i te ora tangata. Whakapaipai, tono rongoa ko to ratou auraa no te tangata.

coniferous

Conifers he tipu e whai i te āhuatanga e whai ake nei:

• E whakarerekētia te rau ki te āhua ngira-rite motuhake, me te e huaina "ngira";
• puka ora o te tipu - rākau me ngā mauwha;
• hanganga ā-fonu hinu faufaa, resins me terpenes;
• e hanga e purapura, engari i reira he kahore puawai ake;
• purapura kopakia ana i roto i te pauna o nga tihi, ka kitea, i konei te ingoa i tetahi - Gymnosperms.

Momo o nga rakau coniferous rawa nui, e pā ana ki 630. meinga ratou he takoha nui ki te kanorau whānui o te ao tipu, he momo rākau roa-ora, me te faufaa. E ai ki etahi pūrongo, i reira he rakau paina, i hira ake i te 5000 tau! Ko te ahua o te coniferous longomoui tetahi rohe, ahuareka, me te fascinates ki tona hanahana. Ko te momo tino noa ngā:

• rimu;
• kai;
• hita;
• larch;
• kauri;
• tuarima;
• hunipa;
• Yew.

Ko tētahi o nga āhuatanga ātaahua matua o enei tipu, ko e he ratou māotaota me kahore e whakaheke ratou rau i roto i te wā matao hotoke (ki te haunga - larch).

Ngā tipu puāwai, angiosperms ranei

Ko te nui rawa o ngā rōpū e mohiotia wawetia katoa o te tipu, tata nei te neke atu i te 280 mano momo tenei. Ko te āhuatanga matua - ko te hanganga o te okana uri o te puawai, e kua he hanganga motuhake taunga mō te uri.

Te tupu puawai, me te purapura e hanga e, ka e nei tiakina e kiko fetal. Ko te aha enei tipu, me e huaina angiosperms. E na kanorau i roto i te ahua, āhua, tae rahi corolla e taea anake miharo me te miharo ratou puawai.

homai faufaa nui te roto tupu tipu hei rongoā. te āwhina ratou iwi me te kararehe ki tini o nga mate i te pānga i runga i tata katoa ngā pūnaha tinana.

Whakarōpū o te pua whānui, na te whakaaro matou anake te hapu tino noa o te akomanga matua e rua - monocots me dicots.

1. Monocotyledons: pata (rai, witi, ōti, Sorghum, rai, kānga), rengarenga (tulip, rengarenga, grouse), riki (riki, kāriki, te koiora tarutaru wiwi).
2. Bipartite: Rosaceae (rohi, pea, paramu, aporo, raspberries, rōpere, ka whakatika), pūrerehua, ngā rekiumu ranei (pīnati, rüpini, he hitimi, soybeans, pī, clover, pini), cruciferous (kāpeti, rape, pua nani, horseradish , rarihi), nightshade (tōmato, ranei tōmato, pepa, nightshade, eggplant, petunia, me ētahi atu), Asteraceae (dandelions, daisy, cornflowers, sunflowers, whaea me tana matakēkē, me ētahi atu).

He momo o tupu tipu e kia nui e hipokina e ratou katoa o te tuhinga taua, o te akoranga, e taea. I muri i te katoa, i nga hapu i roto i te rau, me nga mano o momo, he ona ake ngā āhuatanga takitahi i roto i te hanganga me te ahua.

tipu kikino

Kia aroha mai, i roto i te noa'tu o te ataahua faito ore o maha tipu i te āhuatanga kaha paitini, arā he paitini i roto i te rerekē nohanga i roto i ngā matū e taea ia haaparuparu ia whakamatea te tangata, te kararehe, me te tahi atu momo katoa o nga mea ora ranei ratou.

Ki te māngai taua kia whakamōhio tamariki ki kōhungahunga, kia kia matau ratou te nui e taea e kino te ao ki waho. He momo o ngā tipu no ki te paihana, he nui noa atu, i reira he mano o ngā momo. Ki te ingoa i te torutoru māngai noa anake:

• hukarere snowdrop;
• rawhiti hakiniti;
• ngahuru crocus;
• daffodils;
• Amaryllis;
• rengarenga o te raorao;
• nani soporific;
• lamprocapnos;
• Buttercup noa;
• iris;
• dieffenbachia;
• rhododendrons;
• oleanders me te tini ke atu.

E mea papû e taea te pēnei tenei rōpū tipu hei rongoā. Ko te nui haere horopeta o tetahi rongoā e taea e te wai.

puawai kaikiko

Interesting i te tikanga o te supply ko etahi o nga otaota o nga tropics me te weheruatanga o te ao. He insectivorous ratou, a kahore whakaputa kakara reka, me te whakaongaonga, me te kakara fetid. Ko nga momo matua:

• Venus flytrap;
• sundew;
• Nepenthes;
• Sarracenia;
• pemphigus;
• pinguicula.

Waho, he ratou rawa ngā āhua me te tae kanapa. E ratou tikanga rerekē, me ngā pūrere mō te hopu me te horokai, pepeke, me te kiore iti.