Iri heke: momo, tāutanga

I roto i tetahi hanga o te taahiraa tino nui ko te ki te waihanga i tētahi tuanui. Pūkete reira mo te pēhanga pūkaha o te hukarere i roto i te hotoke, kawenga hau nui, me te pānga o te rerenga. Ko titau aha te tuanui o te tukanga ahumahi tupato, me te mahi o nga mahi katoa ki te pū whakamutunga, me te tika.

rerekētanga

Kei te wehea te hanga o te tuanui, me te nuinga o te tahi atu mahi i runga i te hanga o te whare ki te maha o ngā wāhanga. Ko te pūrere o iri heke ko tetahi o ratou. Me kï reira e kia rerekē te wharikitia i runga i te āhuatanga hangarau o te pūnaha tino.

Ko te rerekētanga matua ko te ahua o te iri ngā huānga tautoko i runga i te mauerlat hanganga ia atu, me te i raro ranei i runga i te tihi o te wahi hiwi. Ko, kua tū ratou ki waho o te tautoko poutū, kahore e kore e taea te mahi i te reira i roto i te hanganga o te pūnaha naslonnoy.

Ko reira te pai ki te whakamahi i tētahi whakatinanatanga taua i roto i te ngaro o te amo taiepa ā-i roto i te whare. Ko taea hoki ki te whakamahi i, ki te tika, te whakamahinga o te wāhi tuanui. Ka rite ki te hanga tauira o te tuanui mansard.

Ko te hoahoa o iri heke te maua e i runga i ngā whare taiepa pakaru kawenga aunoa - ko reira utu i heipu o ngaro i roto i te hanganga o te tautoko poutū. Na reira, e kore ko te whakaritenga o te taua pūnaha wharikitia kahore pera-ka karanga screed. Ko te huānga whakapae whakanohoia overtighten te heke, he ngohengohe ki iti ahotea pakaru whakawhetai ki tenei taiepa. E tano ia tapao e faarahi te taumata whakaiti o te whakaminenga screed miramira.

te tura

pūnaha wharikitia, hanga ki he whakaritenga pa, kua he rota o te mahi whakahaere pai. Kounga me te mātau mahi hoatu kaha tuanui rawaka me te whakaiti i nga pikaunga pānga puta i runga i te reira. Ina whakaritea ki te pūnaha naslonnoy, kua reira iti taimaha, i te whakaiti i te kawenga whānui i runga i te hanganga pakitara me, aua, i runga i te pūtake o te whare.

Na roto i te tono o iti wāhanga e hiahiatia ana iti rawa te ki te waihanga i te te μtorsional¶ pa.

Naslonnye me iri heke

Ki te mea he taiepa roto whakapaipai te whare, tino whakamahia nuitia naslonnaya pūnaha i te hanga o te tuanui rite te hanganga tautoko. Reira kua he rerekētanga matua ko e i roto i te aroaro o te huānga atu ā he aronga i runga i te tīwae te taiepa whanau roto ranei. Ka rite ki te hua, kua whakawhitia te kawenga ki te whakawhitinga anake i runga i te piko. I roto i nga painga o tenei hanga, ko reira utu te tuhituhi tona taimaha āhua iti, me te hiahia ki te whakamahi i te nui iti o te rauemi mō te hanganga.

Hoki etahi take, hei tauira i roto i te houtanga o te tuanui kotahi i runga i te maha o tīpae, titau te whakamahi tukutahi o rua pūnaha naslonnyh me te whakatārewatanga. Heke, kōpuku hanganga naslonnoy i roto i tenei whakatinanatanga whakamahia i roto i taua wahi o te whare i te wahi i reira he tautoko kāinga, aua, e kore te mahi i reira ratou, whakatau tetahi pūnaha.

ngā wāhanga o te whakaarahanga

I muri te whakatau i te momo o te μtorsional¶ taea te tangohia mo te hanga tūturu. Hei timata, whakamana te tuhi schematic te. Me kï tonu te reira e ko te reira e minaminatia ki te tuku i te ngaio, no te mea kua reira te tohungatanga e tika ana, me te wheako i roto i tenei mara. Haaputuraa o tātaitanga i te taumata o te tangata ke - he mahi pai mōrearea mai i te hoahoa e taea te hanga hapa e taea arahi ki muri te huri i te tapatahi o te pūnaha tuanui ki tona whakangaromanga ranei.

Kia hanga te tātuhi te, tīmata reira e mahi ana atu mahi, arā, tāutanga mauerlat. E tika ana hoki tenei kurupae rakau he wāhanga ripeka o te 20x20 cm, kua whakanohoia ki runga ki nga taiepa paenga me te kaha. Me ki whakarongo ki te meka e mo te mauerlat Me tiaki i te houku, na eke he rauemi motuhake i raro i reira, mo te tauira, rauemi tuanui koe.

A, no te whakamahi i te poraka pereki ranei mo te whakaarahanga o taiepa, e hiahiatia ana ki te mahi i te whakaōritenga o te screed raima i te taha ona, a anake ka taea te hoatu mauerlat.

Ka rite ki te rauemi mo nga heke, ko te pai ki te whakamahi i te poraka rakau ki te cm ripeka wāhanga 20X5. Ki te hiahiatia, ka kite atu ia ki te roa e tika ana, me hanga te taha raro o motu motuhake e ki te whakarite kia mutu ratou i roto i te mauerlat mārō.

Ka taea te tāuta iri heke te whakamahi i te hiwi e tahi atu rigidity hanganga. I roto i te whakahaere i nga te μtorsional¶ tuanui, kahore hononga ki te wahi o runga me hanga ki te arotahi me te kore inakitia.

E rua ngā kōwhiringa whakapuru: tāutanga o te tuatahi e rua waho o waewae ki te hiwi takirua, a ka hoatu te toenga, ahakoa i roto i te raupapa. More meinga ko te whakatinanatanga tuatahi, mai i tika ki reira e taea te whiwhi i roto i penapena wā me te he hoahoa atu pono, eu ki maha momo o kawenga.

Hoki te hanga o ta te whakamahia te rauemi taua rite mo te heke. Tightening eke i roto i te tūnga whakapae. Mai tei tapaohia, te raro ona wāhi, te pai ko ona āhuatanga. He mea tika ki te tango i ki pūkete tenei meka, i te mea tino nui ki te whakamahere koe ki te whakahaere i te wāhi fungavaka. I roto i te ngaro o te rakau rahi e tika ana ki te waihanga i tētahi tightening kia tono maihao cutter tahi.

Iri heke: te hoahoa me wāhanga

A, no te tāuta i te pūnaha whakatārewatanga he ara nui o honotanga kōpuku. I tua atu ki te whakamau atu ki te pokekore whao ranei, ki te hei pūhui hakari e nati me raka, kei te tāne rua mo tenei whakaaro i roto i etahi wahi.

Ko reira whakahauanga ki te whakahaere i te motu hangarau. Hoki ia wharikitia pūhui Me hanga āhuatanga pūnaha o ngā huānga mingimingi i te iti rawa e rua. Ka rite ki te tauira, e rua tightening pokekore putanga whao ranei, aru e te attraction o te tokotoko whiria.

huānga pihi

A, no te tāuta te pūnaha te heke pa, he mea utu te haamana'oraa e pā ana ki te hanganga o hiku. Ko reira e minaminatia e takoto te roa o ratou te tuatahi i roto i te rahi o heke, engari te utu o te hanga e tika ana ki tenei hua. Ki te pūtea matotoru whakangao tono poari matarua, Kei roto nei tawhā 10x5 cm. Hanga reira "mawhitiwhiti", kia whiriwhiri ratou te roa kia rite ki te īnaki i runga i te heke i te runga i te iti rawa te 50 cm mingimingi e wahi whiria. .

I roto i te mauerlat mahi ana motu hiahiatia rahi mo te hononga kita. Hoki'oatu nui haere te kaha pūkaha o te waenga "mawhitiwhiti" whakaritea ano tohutoro pae rahi iti, whakaritea nei i te taha o nga pakitara, me te wahi mauerlat o runga.

kawea inaki me reke te μtorsional¶ pūhui. I roto i te whakatinanatanga tuatahi, kua whakaritea nga heke pa ki tetahi ki tetahi i bolting. Ko te kōpuku kaha tuarua piri paraharaha, e mahi rite te pereti whakarewa poari ranei.

Cornice te μtorsional¶ pūhui, me te tightening kono whakamana te notching frontal poutū he niho kotahi rua ranei, me te mau api papa ranei.

Tuhia kikorangi tapatoru

Taua te whakatinanatanga o te heke wharikitia ko te māmā. Ko te pūtake o te haurangi i runga i ngā āhuatanga e toru: te kurupae whakapae (tightening) e ata te pa awhe nga heke i roto i te pokapū ranei i te raro, me rua heke piki waewae ngā i te tihi. Tightening i hanga i te rakau maitai kurupae rakau ranei, e runga i te kaha biasing kia tuku ki te taiepa waho o te kawenga poutū o te whare. Nā ki tenei, riro te reira nui māmā ki te wāhanga tautoko pāmu i runga i te hanganga taiepa: kua eke i te reira i roto i te wahi o te poari mauerlat mua, whakamahia nei te ki te tūari atu te kawenga ngā.

I roto i te wahi o te turanga o te heke whakanohoia te i tightening te hiahia ki te hanga i tētahi papa tuanui. Kei te whakamahia te reira mo tautoko i te patunga takawaenga. I roto i te tahi atu mau tupuraa, eke tightening te i te taumata teitei. Na te whakanui ake i te ahotea kurut e hinga ki runga ki taua mea, engari i roto i te te μtorsional¶ whanganga iti piko ope.

tuhia kikorangi ki te tutaki

He e ngā titiro rite te tenei pāmu tuanui maihi ki heke pa, rite whakaahuatia ana i runga, i roto i te puka o te tapatoru. Ko te rerekētanga matua i roto i te tautoko whakamahia i runga i te taiepa. Ko te heke turanga korupe kikorangi whakaritea i roto i te awaawa, i te hunga e wātea ana i roto i te mauerlat. I te taiepa, i roto i te tua ki ope poutū mai ano me spacers. eke te midspan tightening (i roto i tenei tikanga, e karangatia ana ko tutaki mate) me te whakamahia mō te kōpeketanga. Ka rite ki te putanga, Maunga ohie heke me kurupae.

Arch whakatārewatanga tuhia

Ki te mea he whanui o neke atu i te 6 m te heke tuanui iri, ko reira uaua nui ki te pīkau i te pāmu e toru-huānga ohie. Tuatahi, mo te hanga o te tightening o tenei rahi e te rota o te wā rapu pae. Tuarua, sags ora roa i roto i te pokapū o te taimaha taimaha. Na reira, whakamahia te whakatārewatanga te rite te kikorangi tāpiritanga - he taipitopito e fakatahai tightening te pokapū me te tihi o te kikorangi. tito te huānga tightening te o rua nga wahi, i te bolting. Kei te maha whakatārewatanga rakau tuku ki tona kuia, me whakarewa - tyazhem.

momo kopi kikorangi ki Whītiki

Ki te whakaiti i te deflection, e wātea ana i roto i nga kurupae, kua tapiritia nga rauawa kikorangi whakatārewatanga, e he hehema heke āhuatanga backwater i te pokapū o te whanganga. Ko te kupu hoki abutment ratou rauawa whakatārewatanga whakamahia.

mutunga

I roto i te mutunga i runga ake ko reira ia tapao e tika ana ki te mahi tika o utu me mahi katoa, iri heke i te Mahinga kore e tukua naslonnym. I tua atu ki te pūmautanga me te kaha nui, i te whakamahi o tenei hanga taea ki te hanga i te wāhi fungavaka, e tika ana mō te whakamahi i roto i ngā take arumoni atu ranei. I roto i te take o te whakaritenga o te tuanui mansard, tenei pūnaha wharikitia ko te kōwhiringa pai.