Jazz: e ko, he aha te aronga, e mahi

Ko te takenga o te jazz hou pakiaka i roto i te ahurea waiata Awherika. I muri kitea Hristofor Kolumb te fenua hou a noho nga Pakeha ki reira, ki te takutai o Amerika e piki aru nga kaipuke o kaihokohoko.

Iznuronnye mahi pakeke, mihi me te mamae i whanaunga kino rangatira, i kitea pononga whakamarie i roto i te waiata. Āta e hiahia i roto i te Ameliká me Pakeha himene rerekē me ungeri. Heoi i reira ko jazz. He aha jazz ko, me aha ona āhuatanga, whakaaro tatou i roto i tenei tuhinga.

Āhuatanga aronga waiata

E pā ana te reira ki te waiata jazz o Awherika-Amerika, e hāngai ana nei ko - hangatanga (tārere) me te hanganga naki motuhake (syncope). Rerekē atu wāhi, i reira tetahi tangata tuhi te waiata, me te tahi atu rave, kaiwaiata jazz mahi kaitito e rua.

hanga Melody te noa tuhi wā, wehea e te wā iti o te wā mahi. Ka rite ki huri i te reira i roto i jazz. He aha te mea hangatanga puoru? Tenei kaha o kaiwaiata ki te urutau ki tahi i te tahi. I tua atu, i ia improvises tona ake.

e tiakina Hua o tohi noa i roto i te momotuhi waiata (T. Kouler, Arlene G. "Ko ahau hari nga ra katoa," Ellington D. "kore E mohio koutou e aroha ana ahau?", Etc.).

Neke atu i te wa, synthesized waiata African ki te Pākehā. Puta himene e ngā kirihou, ūngeri, himene me te au maite o te oro (CHEATHAM Doc, Blues I roto i toku Heart, Carter Hemi, waenganui, me ētahi atu).

tohutohu

Tohatoha neke atu i te toru tekau ngā wāhanga o te jazz. A feruri i etahi o ratou.

1. Blues. I roto i te reo Ingarihi ki te kupu te tikanga "oto", "wā". Tuatahi huaina ana a reira te blues mangumangu waiata solo lyric. Jazz-blues - reira wā dvenadtsatitaktovy hāngai trohstrochnoy puka whiti. tito Blues whakamana i te tere puhoi, i roto i te tuhinga e taea te ata etahi tō'onga. kaihaka nui o blues - Gertrude Ma Rainey, Bessie Smith, me ētahi atu.

2. Ragtime. Ko te iritiraa mau o te ingoa o te kāhua - heke mai haea. I roto i te reo o ngā waiata "REG" oro te tikanga atu mărû e i waenganui i matamata. puta Ahunga i roto i te United States, i muri i kawea atu te moana i te mahi o Schubert, Chopin me Liszt. Music e kaitito Pākehā i mahi i roto i te kāhua jazz. I muri mai, i reira nga titonga tūturu i. Ragtime angamaheni auaha Joplin S., D. Scott, D. Reme et al.

3. Boogie. puta te kāhua i roto i te tīmatanga o te rau tau rua tekau. Owners o wharekai ngāwari hiahiatia nga kaiwaiata ki te tākaro jazz. He aha te mea te hatere presupposes te oraraa o te upaupa, haere reira kahore mea, engari ki te ani manihini i te maha nui o kaiwaiata i te utu. Ko te reo o te rerekē mea wāhikē piana, te hanga maha tito naki. Āhuatanga boogie:

• hangatanga;
• technique virtuoso;
• motuhake ringa maui puoro mahi ostinantnuyu nekeneke whirihoranga, te wā i waenganui i te panguru me himene - rua ranei e toru octaves;
• ūngeri tonu;
• okotahi takahi.

Boogie takaro Romeo Nelson, Arthur Montana Taylor, Charles Avery et al.

Legends o kāhua

he rongonui i roto i nga whenua maha huri noa i te ao jazz. Nga wahi katoa i reira he whetu e karapoti i te ope o te pā, engari etahi ingoa kua riro te kōrero. E mohiotia ana ratou, ka aroha huri noa te ao. Enei kaiwaiata, i roto i ngā, pā ana Louis Armstrong.

E kore te mea mohiotia he aha e kua te whakarau o te tamaiti i te hauwhā Negro rawakore, ki te kahore a Louis tiki ki puni herehere. Here, tuhia te whetu i mua nei i roto i te pēne parahi, Heoi, e kore te te rōpū tākaro jazz. He aha te mea te blues, me pehea ki te waiata, nui i muri kitea te tangata taitamariki. riro Armstrong whakawhetai rongo te ao ki te mau tautooraa, me te manawanui.

Kaiwhakatū o te waiata jazz whakaaro a Billie Holiday (ingoa tūturu Eleonora Fagan). tae rongonui tihi o te kaiwaiata te 50-doma o te rau tau whakamutunga, ka he nightclubs huringa scene i runga i te atamira.

tipu te ora uaua, me te kau ma'u o te whānuitanga o toru octaves Elly Fitsdzherald. I muri i te matenga o tona whaea, ka rere atu i te kāinga ia, a puritia āhua kahore tika rawa. Ko te tīmatanga o te mahi a te kaiwaiata ko te mahi o te whakataetae waiata Amateur pō.

World rongonui ko Dzhordzh Gershvin. hanga te kaitito te tito jazz i runga i te waiata puāwaitanga. Ko te tikanga ohorere o mahi matenui te whakarongo me hoa. Kōnohete i noa'i te tahi e te pakipaki. Ko te mahi tino rongonui o G. Gershwin - "Rhapsody i Blue" (tahi-fa'u ki Fredom Grofom), te opera "Porgy and Bess", "He American i Paris."

Ano he kaitoi jazz rongonui, me te tonu e Dzhenis Dzhoplin, Rey Charlz, Hara Vaughan, Mayls Devis, me ētahi atu.

Jazz i roto i te USSR

Ko te putanga o tenei waiata i roto i te Soviet Union tika ki te ingoa o te rohi pehe, translator me whakaari-goer Valentina Parnaha. ka mau te konohete tuatahi o te ropu jazz arahina e virtuoso wahi i roto i te tau 1922. I muri Tsfasman, L. Utesov, āhua J. Skomorovsky te aronga o te jazz tapere, te whakakotahi mahi mauhaa me operetta. nui i E. Rosner ki popularize jazz waiata Varlamov, A. Lundstrom.

I roto i nga tau 40 o te rau tau whakamutunga, kua whānui whakahē jazz rite te āhuatanga o te ahurea bourgeois. I roto i te 50-60-doma o nga whakaeke i runga i te kaihaka mutu. i hanga here Jazz i roto i te RSFSR me ētahi atu lepupilika Soviet.

I teie mahana jazz tura'i mahi ana i runga i ngā wāhanga kōnohete me i roto i ngā karapu.