Kaitakawaenga inflammatory: whakarōpū

Ko te ahua o ngā tukanga inflammatory i roto i te whakautu ki te take pathological he rawaka te tauhohenga o te rauropi. Mumura - tukanga matatini e whanake i runga i te taumata rohe whānui ranei e puta i roto i te whakautu ki āpiha ke. Ko te mahi matua o te whakawhanake i tētahi whakautu inflammatory whakahaua i te whakakore i te mana o te pathological me whakaora o te tinana. takawaenga inflammatory Ko nga takawaenga, e whai wāhi hāngai i roto i enei tukanga.

Poto i runga i te mau parau tumu o tauhohe inflammatory

Ko te pūnaha ārai - tiaki hauora tangata. A, no te te hiahia, ko te ki te tomo ki roto ki te whawhai, me te whakamate huakita, wheori, harore. Heoi, ki te whakaora whakarei o te tukanga o te tohe microorganisms taea te kite e ngā ranei ite te ahua o te pikitia haumanu. Ko reira i roto i ngā take pēnei i whakawhanake mumura rite te whakautu paruru o te tinana.

Tukanga e whakapeka, me te ma'i whakautu inflammatory o tona rere. whakatika te tuatahi i mahi irritating take ohorere (whētuki, kino, pānga mate pāwera, mate). He roa, me te iti iho korerotia haumanu tohu mumura ma'i.

I roto i te take o te whakautu rohe o te pūnaha ārai mate i roto i te rohe o te whara i motu i reira tohu o tauhohenga inflammatory whai ranei:

• mamae;
• huamo, puffiness;
• Makere o te kiri ;
• takahi o te kāwanatanga mahi;
• tūāhuruiti (pāmahana ara).

wāhanga inflammatory o te whanaketanga

hāngai ana te tukanga o te mumura te i runga i te pāhekoheko tukutahi o te kiri āhuatanga tiaki, toto me ngā pūtau ārai. i muri tonu te rongo ki te kaihoko ke, te tinana pahono i vasodilatation rohe i roto i te rohe o te whara tika. He he he hua o uruhanga o te taiepa, me te whakapakari o te microcirculation rohe. Fakataha ki ngā pūtau toto tae tiaki konei humoral.

I roto i te wāhanga tuarua o te pūtau ārai timata ki te aro ki microorganisms, kitea ratou i roto i te wahi o te kino. Ko te tukanga o ia te ingoa o te phagocytosis. Pūtau, neutrophils, huri ratou āhua me te mimiti āpiha pathological. Next, tu atu ki te āpiha motuhake e hāngai ana te whakangaromanga o te huakita me te huaketo.

I roto i te whakarara ki te microorganisms whakangaro neutrophils me ngā pūtau mate tawhito, e kua kei roto i te rohe o te mumura. Ko te kupu ka tīmata te whanaketanga o te toru o nga tauhohe wāhanga o te rauropi. Ko te arotahi o te mumura rite te paruruhia ai i te tinana katoa. I te tahi taime e taea te ua mauiui tenei wahi. tīmata te pūtau ki te whakaputa i takawaenga inflammatory i ngā pūtau rewa, e taea ai e koe te horoi i te rohe whara i te tāoke, ururua me ētahi atu matū.

ariā General o kaitakawaenga

kaitakawaenga inflammatory - he taonga kaha o te take mai koiora, e kua haere tahi e te tuku o te wāhanga matua o te whakarerekētanga. Ko ratou kawenga mo te putanga o ngā tohu o tauhohe inflammatory. Hei tauira, nui haere uruhanga o nga taiepa oko te pāmahana hua rohe i roto i te rohe o te traumatization ranei.

Kua kitea nga kaitakawaenga matua o mumura mo te whanaketanga o te tukanga pathological kore anake. Ratou whanaketanga e wahi tonu. Kei te hāngai te reira i te ture o ngā mahi tinana i te kikokiko me te taumata pūkoro. Tei runga i te aronga o te mahi, modulators i he pānga:

• tāpiri (toronga);
• synergistic (potentiator);
• antagonichesky (vaivai).

A, no te mana whara ranei i te pae o te mahi neurotransmitter o wae microorganisms tukanga pāhekoheko, me te inflammatory effector wā neke āhuatanga o te tukanga.

Ngā momo o kaitakawaenga inflammatory

E wehea modulators inflammatory katoa ki e rua ngā rōpū, i runga i to ratou take rānei:

1. Humoral: kinins, pärönaki o ngä, āhuatanga upoo-.
2. Cell: amines vasoactive, pärönaki waikawa arachidonic, cytokines, lymphokines, āhuatanga lysosomal, metabolites hāora urupare, neuropeptides.

kaitakawaenga Humoral o mumura i kitea i roto i te tinana tangata, ki te whakaawe take pathological, i.e. te tinana he supply o enei matū. puta ratou waipara i roto i ngā pūtau i roto i te puka tautauā.

He modulators mua-ngā ano amines Vasoactive me ngā āhuatanga neuropeptides lysosomal. E hua tika te toe matū no ki te rōpū o kaitakawaenga pūtau i roto i te whanaketanga o te whakautu inflammatory.

pärönaki o te ngä

Hoki kaitakawaenga inflammatory e ahu haapoupouraa. whakaaro tenei rōpū o matū kaha biologically te ki kia roto i nga modulators humoral tino nui. K pärönaki ngā 22 rerekē pūmua puta ki ngä faaitoitoraa (hanganga o complexes ārai immunoglobulins ranei) nei hanganga.

1. He Modulators C5a me C3a kawenga mō te wāhanga mumura whakapeka me Liberatore histamine e whakaputaina e te pūtau rewa. whakahaua ratou mahi i te whakarei ake i te taumata o te uruhanga pūtau iaia, kawea nei i roto i tika autaki ranei i ara o histamine.
2. faarahi Modulator C5a des Arg te uruhanga o nga venules i te pae o te whakautu inflammatory me rata ana pūtau neutrophilic.
3. whakatairanga S3 phagocytosis.
4. Complex g5-C9 kawenga mo te lysis o nga microorganisms me ngā pūtau rerekē.

Tenei rōpū o kaitakawaenga whakaputaina i wē me te kiko inu. Nā ki te tomo i te rohe pathological, tukanga exudation puta. Ki te pärönaki kīnaki tukua interleukin, neurotransmitters, leukotrienes, prostaglandins me take mōtepe-whakahohe.

kinins

Tenei rōpū o matū he vasodilators. E hanga e ratou i roto i te inu kiko, me te wē o globulin motuhake. Ko te māngai matua o te rōpū ngā bradykinin me kallidin, i te pānga mahi ko e whai ake:

• whai wāhi i roto i te whakaiti o ngā rōpū maheni uaua;
• na roto i te te whakaiti endothelial iaia whakaū uruhanga tukanga taiepa;
• whai wāhi ki te hua o te matua me te pēhanga venous;
• whakawhänui oko iti;
• meinga te ahua o te mamae me te apohia e;
• whakatere houtanga me te collagen te kōtuitanga.

hāngai ana te mahi kei te i te kitea o te whai wāhi bradykinin wē ki te pae o te mumura. Kinins - kaitakawaenga mamae o mumura. E irritating ratou ki te mau farii ohipa rohe, meinga hūhi, tetahi raru, minamina.

prostaglandins

Pūkoro kaitakawaenga inflammatory he prostaglandins. E pā ana tēnei rōpū o pūhui ki pärönaki o waikawa arachidonic. Rauemi o prostaglandins he macrophages, platelets, granulocytes me monocytes.

Prostaglandins - kaiwhakaako o mumura, whakaaturia te mahi e whai ake nei:

• whakaongaonga o receptors mamae;
• vasodilation;
• ake i ngā tukanga exudative;
• whakapakari i o tūāhuruiti i te lesion;
• tere kaupapa o leukocytes ki te rohe pathological;
• ake i roto i te ngawhatanga.

leukotrienes

matū kaha biologically no ki te kaitakawaenga hou i hanga. Ko, e kore e ranei ma tumu urupare tonu pūnaha ārai o te tinana i roto i te toenga o te moni.

Leukotrienes whakapataritari taonga uruhanga iaia me te leukocyte whakarato wāhi ki te rohe o te māuiuitanga. He nui i roto i te orokohanga o te mamae inflammatory. Ka taea te synthesized matū i roto i ngā pūtau toto katoa atu i te erythrocytes, a i roto i te adventitia o ngā pūtau pūkahukahu, oko toto me ngā pūtau ngako.

I roto i te take o te mumura i roto i te whakautu ki te huakita, wheori ranei āhuatanga mate pāwera leukotrienes meinga spasm arahau, meinga te whanaketanga o te edema. Ko te pānga rite ki te mahi o te histamine, engari roa. okana Target mō matū kaha - i te ngakau. Tu i roto i roto i te tau nui, mahi ratou i runga i te uaua ngakau, rere coronary puhoi, me te whakapiki ake i te taumata o te tauhohenga inflammatory.

thromboxanes

Tenei rōpū o modulators kaha i hanga i roto i te kopa o te kōateate, pūtau roro, ngā pūtau pūkahukahu me platelets toto. A ani i te pānga mate hukihuki i runga i oko toto, te whakarei ake i te tukanga o te Thrombosis i ischemia cardiac, whai wāhi ki te tukanga o te whakawhāititanga me te mōtepe adhesion.

amines biogenic

Ko te tuatahi inflammatory kaitakawaenga - histamine me te serotonin. Matū e provocateurs disorders microcirculatory tuatahi i roto i te rohe māuiuitanga. Serotonin - he neurotransmitter hua e te i roto i ngā pūtau ngako, platelets me enterochromaffin.

Ko te mahi o te serotonin rerekē i runga i tona taumata i roto i te tinana. I raro i ngā āhuatanga noa, ka te nui, ko te takawaenga whaiaroaro, e faarahi te reira mamae iaia me whakanuia ana ratou reo. Ki te whanaketanga o tauhohe inflammatory o te tau whakanuia ana tino. riro serotonin vasodilator, te whakanui ake i uruhanga iaia, me te whakawhānui oko. Ano, tona mahi, ko te kotahi rau ngā wā tōtika atu te rua neurotransmitter Amen biogenic.

Histamine - takawaenga inflammatory he pānga matamaha i runga i oko toto me ngā pūtau. Acting i runga i tetahi rōpū receptors gistaminchuvstvitelnyh taonga dilates te pera me inhibits kaupapa leukocyte. A, no te kitea ki tetahi atu - vāofi reira rua vnutrikapellyarnogo ai he hua i roto i te pēhanga i te tahi atu i te ringa, whakaongaonga kaupapa leukocyte.

Acting i runga i receptors neutrophil, tauwhāiti histamine ratou taumahinga i runga i receptors monocyte - whakaongaonga te mua. Ko te kupu, kia whai i te neurotransmitter he pānga anti-inflammatory inflammatory i te wa ano.

whakarei pānga Vasodilator o histamine te i raro i te mana o te matatini ki acetylcholine, bradykinin, me serotonin.

whākōkī lysosomal

E whakaputaina e monocytes me granulocytes i te wahi o te tukanga pathological i roto i whakaongaonga, hekenga, phagocytosis, kino me te mate pūtau kaitakawaenga mumura ārai. Proteases e ko te wāhanga nui o te whākōkī lysosomal i tiaki pānga antimicrobial lysing manene microorganisms pathological ngaro.

I tua atu, whai wāhi matū kaha ki nui haere uruhanga o taiepa iaia, te modulate leukocyte kookuhutanga. Tei runga i te maha o whākōkī taratahi, ka taea e ratou te whakakaha haaparuparu i te hekenga o ngā pūtau leukocyte ranei.

whakawhanake whakautu inflammatory me pumau mo te wa roa e tika ana ki te meka i te whākōkī lysosomal whakahohe te pūnaha ngä, cytokines tuku me te limokiny coagulation whakahohe me fibrinolysis.

pūmua cationic

Na roto i te mumura kaitakawaenga he pūmua roto i roto i granules neutrophil me te mea he microbicidal nui. mahi tika ēnei matū i runga i te pūtau ke, ia mutu tona membrane hanganga. ai tenei te mate o te kaihoko pathological. I tua atu, ko te tukanga o te whakangaromanga, me te wāhinga i proteases lysosomal.

whakatairanga pūmua Cationic neurotransmitter tuku histamine, whakanui i iaia uruhanga, whakatere te adhesion leukocyte me hekenga o ngā pūtau.

cytokines

Tenei kaitakawaenga inflammatory pūtau whakaputaina e ngā pūtau o te whai ake:

• monocytes;
• macrophages;
• neutrophils;
• lymphocytes;
• pūtau endothelial.

Acting i runga i neutrophils, taumata cytokine ake i uruhanga iaia. Ratou whakaongaonga hoki pūtau leukocyte ki te patu, hopu me te whakangaro microorganisms ke noho, te whakarei ake tukanga phagocytosis.

I muri te patu āpiha pathological cytokines whakaongaonga ora me te tini o ngā pūtau hou. Taunekeneke ki te matū i te rōpū o kaitakawaenga, prostaglandins, neuropeptides.

metabolites Hohe o te hāora

He rōpū o Radicals free, e te hunga e tika ana ki te aroaro i roto i to ratou irahiko unpaired, nehenehe o tomo ki hononga ki ētahi atu rāpoi, tango he wahi tika i roto i te whanaketanga o te tukanga inflammatory. Na roto i te metabolites hāora, e he wahi o nga kaitakawaenga, he rite whai:

• he tuwhena hydroxyl;
• hydroperoxide tuwhena;
• anion superoxide tuwhena.

Ko te pūtake o ēnei matū kaha ko te kahu waho o arachidonic whakaongaonga waikawa phagocytic pakaru ki a ratou, kia rite ki te pai kia rite ki te hāora o rāpoi iti.

Metabolites hāora whakarei ake te kaha o ngā pūtau phagocytic ki te whakangaro āpiha ke take piti hāora o te ngako, waikawa amino kino, waikawa karihi, warowaihā, te whakanui ake i te uruhanga iaia. Ka rite ki taea modulators o metabolites ake i mumura pānga anti-inflammatory ranei. Ko ratou o faufaa nui i roto i te whanaketanga o mate mau.

neuropeptides

Tenei rōpū ngā te calcitonin, neurokinin A, me te taonga P. ko te modulators o neuropeptides tino mohiotia tenei. hāngai ana pānga matū mahi kei runga i te tukanga e whai ake nei:

• attraction o neutrophils i mumura;
• nui haere uruhanga iaia;
• Āwhina ki ētahi atu rōpū kitea i runga i te mau farii ohipa tairongo o neurotransmitters;
• tūtohutanga whakareinga o neutrophils ki te endothelium venous;
• whai wāhi i roto i te hanganga o te mamae i roto i te whakautu inflammatory.

I tua atu ki katoa te runga ake, ki ngā ano nga kaitakawaenga kaha acetylcholine, Adrenaline me noradrenaline. whai wāhi acetylcholine te i roto i te hanganga o te hyperemia matua, dilates oko toto i roto i te pathologies kanga.

Norepinephrine me epinephrine mahi rite modulators o mumura, hëoi anö te tupu o te taumata o te uruhanga iaia.

E kore te mea te whanaketanga o te whakautu inflammatory he takahi i te rauropi. I te anga ke, he reira he tohu e ki te pūnaha ārai mate akakoromaki i te mahi.