Kei te whakamahia Sherlock Holmes tikanga deductive?

hero Literary Conan Doyle - he tekitiwhi ngingila Sherlock Holmes - he rota, me te korero i te roa e pā ana ki tona tikanga o te whakataunga. Na e, ia maha e kaipānui i roto i te Faa matapo, waia ki nga ariā taketake o te arorau. I muri i whakaaro deductive katoa - tenei mutunga, ārahi i te whānui ki te ngā. Ko te tauira māmā o tenei tautohe: E mōhio o te kaha o te attraction o te whenua matou; E tatou te whakaaro whānui e te wai taka iho, e kore te wiwi ake; toutou kitea tukanga taka te wai. e tuku ēnei whānui taea tatou arorau ki whakaaro rite te mea titiro reira Niagara Falls (tūmataiti), ahakoa tatou e kore kua kite.

Otiia e matau ana tatou katoa whakamahi Sherlock Holmes rawa rerekē momo o whakatau, kaua, atu nuitia mohiotia rite arataki, e ko, te pikitanga i te ngā ki te whānui. Ko te paru i runga i te imi hu mutunga i haere mai te iwi i ngā wāhi tuawhenua, pāti me tūtohu hūmeka e pūtu ope - e kore te tangata taonga, engari na pipiki roto o te pute o tīkiti rerewē mutunga e tae ia i roto i Rānana i te tereina. I roto i tona tekitiwhi rongonui tū whakaoti hara he mekameka causal: te pungarehu o te avaava - hikareti - ana tumu - te tuakiri o te hikareti. A i roto i te mutunga hanga he mutunga: ko te taihara - Mr X. I roto i te take o te whakataunga mōiriiri whakaaro Holmes e haere i te ara tino rerekē: ko te tino rite ki te hara Mr. X, i zameshennye atu iwi i roto i tenei take, kahore he. Tona mua pouri. I ia te mana'o turai ki whakamatea te pārurenga. I te wa o te kino e ia kahore wāhi kē. Na reira, ko te kaipatu - Mr. X.

Na he aha te te tikanga deductive whakamahia i roto i te tukanga o te whakaoti i te hara Holmes? I te tuatahi, te mea te reira e runga i te pūtake o te kōrero iti rawa, Mā ia te scene hara, me te mea i anō-meingatia i roto i mua o ia ia. Hei tauira, i roto i te take o te tahae o nga taonga o Agra: i runga i te makatea o waewae iti ki kohuki maihao tekitiwhi mōhio e te tangata e mahue tona tohu, e kore e rawa roroa, me kore kakahu hu. Ko tētahi atu kaha hinengaro, me e te koutou, te kaiwero - he whena i te Islands Andaman.

e mea he e reira ko te arataki kupenga - pikitanga i te ngā ki te whānui (taunakitanga i te tūmataiti ki te pikitia whānui o te hara). Notemea te tikanga deductive - te heketanga i te whānui ki te ngā. Otiia i roto i te meka i reira he kahore totohe i konei. ta Holmes: "ora katoa - mekameka causal ore, engari te āhua o tēnei ara iahiko e taea tatou titiro anake tetahi o ona hononga." Kia mahara ki te tauira o te wai, me te Niagara Falls? Tenei ko tetahi atu faahitiraa nui i Conan Doyle, te wahi ta te hero tuhituhi o tona tikanga: "whakaatu hara katoa te ara pakuwha nui. whakaurua ahau ratou (nga māngai o Kotirana Yard) ki te huru o te take ngā. E matau nga taipitopito o 1,000 take, e te mea ke e kore e ki te matakawa te 1,001th ".

Ko te kupu, presupposes Holmes tikanga deductive mōhiotanga e pā ana ki te hara taketake (hei tauira, patu, tahae, tapehatanga). Kohuru whakarōpūtia ia rite ki "rakau whānau" o kohuru i roto i o hae, mo te pai, utu, me ētahi atu I muri mai huri i te reira i roto i taua ki te patu tangata i roto i te raupapa riro te kainga o te Duke me te kohuru i mahia mo te whakaaro ki o whai ai'a Esquire, rawa, i to ratou ake pau, a na i runga i, ki raro, ki te taipitopito iti. Ihuhāhau, engari, kaua, te kaituhi, hei Ingarihi, me te mea he whakaaro o te motu (arā riro i roto i te fenua Peretane) ture take, e hāngai ana i runga i te meka e te hou, e kore ano whakakitea i te hara, he tauira i roto i te mua, a he mea e tika ana noa e tenei puka pai.

Ka taea e tatou te mea ki te māia e, i roto i te noa'tu o arataki waho, Holmes ko e te tikanga deductive painga o tātaitanga arorau. Te tākaro i te vaiolini e paowa ranei i te ahi, whakaaro he tekitiwhi ngingila: me pehea ki te whakaröpü i te kino ngā? Utu? Te hae? Nounou? whakakahore Sherlock he katoa rite te witi tataritia i te papapa, heoi e kore fakatonutonu anake e noho i te witi i roto i ona ringa. Na ta ia e pā ana ki tona tikanga: "maka ahau peka katoa te taea, he aha tonu - ko te whakahoki ki te pātai, noa'tu eaha te fantastic mea ai reira."