Ko te hanganga o te pūkahukahu tangata

pūkahukahu tangata e tetahi o nga whekau tino nui e mea faufaa ki tona oraraa. Te āhua nei manawa kia tūturu, engari mau i roto i te reira i roto i to tatou tinana i reira he tukanga matatini e whakarite to tatou oranga. Hei pai matau reira, me mohio koutou i te hanganga o te pūkahukahu.

I roto i te kupukupu haere hau i roto i rua bronchi, e whai te hanganga rerekē. Mahue roa atu i te tika, engari i te reira na maha he tinana ke tomo te pūnaha romahā roto i te ngōrahi tika. whai putanga enei tinana. Ki runga ki te urunga ki te pūkahukahu tika te branched ki toru, ka mahue hoki te 2 rahi, e hāngai ana ki te maha o matamata pukapuka.

Ko te tino uaua te hanganga o te pūkahukahu, i roto ratou i te manga bronchi i roto i te mea ki maha bronchi segmental iti. I roto i te tahuri, tika atu ratou ki roto ki te bronchi lobular ngā i roto i te lobules o te pūkahukahu. Ko reira uaua ki te whakaaro me pehea te hanganga o nga pūkahukahu, kahore hoki e mohio te nui bronchi lobular kei roto ratou (i reira e pā ana ki 1000). E Vnutridolevye bronchi ake ki te 18 peka (bronchioles kāpeka) e kore e e whai i roto i to ratou wheua ngohe taiepa. Ēnei bronchioles kāpeka hanga te wāhanga hanganga o te marama - acinus.

Ko tehea te hanganga o nga pūkahukahu ki te ako, te ite aha te mea he acinus. Tenei wae hanganga ko te plurality o alveoli (pärönaki bronchioles romahā). He hau rauemi utu tïpako ratou taiepa, me te rohe i roto i te inhalation tonu kia tae 100 sq.m. Ko te totoro nui puta ratou mata romahā i roto i mahi.

wāhanga Bronchopulmonary Ko te wahi o te taupa pūkahukahu, hā nei te bronchi 3 kia o te pekapeka taupa ngōrahi. Ia kua he pedicle broncho-iaia motuhake (iatuku me ngōrahi). hanganga Segmental o te pūkahukahu i whakakitea i roto i te akoranga o te taumata o te whanaketanga o te rongoā me te pokanga. Ko te tika pūkahukahu 10 wāhanga, a i roto i te maui - 8. Nā ki te meka i kitea ai i roto i te wehenga o wāhanga bronchopulmonary pūkahukahu, ka taea ki te tango i te wahi pānga o te tinana ki te tiaki mōrahi o ona wahi hauora.

I roto i tenei tinana ki te wehewehe i waenganui i nga papa e whai ake nei: mediastinal, diafragmentalnuyu, rara. I roto i te mediastinum ko te pera-ka karanga "tatau". Na roto ratou, nga pūkahukahu he bronchi, pera, me raru, a ka waiho i te oko waitinana me nga uaua pūkahukahu. Kei te pera-ka karanga enei hanganga katoa "pakiaka o te pukapuka."

Kua wehea nga pūkahukahu awaawa o rire rerekē me roa. faaite ratou i te kikokiko ki te pūkahukahu kuwaha ratou. E 3 taupa o te pūkahukahu matau (raro, runga, waenganui) me 2 maui (raro, i runga). He matamata raro te nui rawa.

Ka oti te hanganga o te marama, me te tutakina kiripūkahu visceral e hipokina ia rohe pūkahukahu me te puka pakiaka "mātārere kōpako" ngohi te nga taiepa o te kōhao rei. Kei therebetween kōhao wehia-rite, ka karanga te wahi o nei te sinuses (kei waenganui i apa kōpako). Ko te pakohu pleural costophrenic nui whakaaro (reira taka mata ngāwari i roto i te faaururaa).

Kei te ngāwari te hanganga faataa e te tukanga tupu i roto i a ratou i roto i te kupukupu tonu. I roto i tenei tinana 2 wehewehe pūnaha iaia: he porohita iti (arā, o uaua me pera, whai wāhi i roto i te utu hau), nui tohanga (arā, o pera arahau me uaua, tuku toto matua mō pākia me te ora tautoko pūkahukahu ratou). Na roto i te āhua o ratou te pekapeka uaua pūkahukahu rite ki te iatuku, engari rerekē ratou i roto i to ratou rerekētanga. Ko ratou te puna o nga lobules whatunga capillary, kiko tūhonohono interlobular, korere arahau me te kiripūkahu visceral. No te mea te uaua interlobular whatunga capillary i hanga hanumi tahi. O te hunga uaua nui i hanga whakawhānui tata te bronchi. O te tika me te uaua segmental i roto i ia uaua marama e rua e hanga e: te runga me raro (ratou rahi rerekē nui). hinga ratou motu i roto i te marae maui.

He impermanent te maha o pera arahau. pae te reira i te 2 ki te 6. I te 50% o te wā i roto i te tangata, ko te 4 pera arahau whakawhānui mangai ki te maui, me te ngōrahi matua tika. E kore noa ratou nga pera o te bronchi, rite homai manga ki whēkau rerekē o te mediastinum. Tīmata pera tika kei roto i te kikokiko o te pū kai, me te pukorokoro, i raro i te mua (i waenganui i te taikiri) ranei. iatuku mahue kei roto i te kikokiko i raro te pukorokoro me i raro i te kikorangi te pūtahi o. Roto te iatuku pūkahukahu kei roto i te kikokiko me te bronchi me, wana i roto i, te tākaro i te wāhi tika i roto i te supply toto ki te toenga o ona wahi, me te kiripūkahu. I roto i te bronchioles romahā, ngaro ratou ratou whaiaro uara-a haere ki te pūnaha capillary.

Katoa oko toto o nga pūkahukahu e pā ana ki ia atu. I tua atu ki te whatunga capillary whānui, me te wehe i vneorgannye intraorgan anastomoses, takotoranga i te tohanga e rua.

Kei o whatunga capillary tuatahi plexus te pūnaha lymphatic o oko lymphatic roto te okana, oko efferent, intrapulmonary me taikiri extrapulmonary. Wehe i lymphatics ausia me hohonu.

innervation Pūtake o te pūkahukahu - karere plexus me kahiwi mediastinal i hanga e nga manga o te pukuaroha, vagus, filosilivá me raru phrenic.