Ko te momo matua o ngā hanganga whakahaere o te whakahaere: u

Hanganga o te mau parau tumu ōhanga mākete ki hea, me te kore haere i waho te wawaotanga o te kāwanatanga i roto i te hanganga o ngā pūtahi, e whakatau nga momo taketake o ngā hanganga whakahaere o te whakahaere. I tua atu ki te tohu o te reta i waenganui pūtahi kawemai me te ngā taiao pütahitanga, he take nui i roto i te angitu o te whakataki o pūtahi riro te hoahoa o ngā hanganga whakahaere o te whakahaere o te kāwanatanga.

Heoi, ko te āhua, e mau ana i roto i te kaupapa here o te ture, te whakawhanake taketake momo o ngā hanganga whakahaere o te whakahaere, hohonu rawa wāhi i roto i ngā puka pütahitanga hauarea e pā ana ki te mana rawa, ngā mahi pakihi i roto i te tono tōpū, tarahu i raro taurangi kāwanatanga, me i te anga ke, kei te tino kore te tūranga o te kāwanatanga i roto i te tukanga hanganga o hanganga o te wāhi ōhanga, ki te whakarite hinonga e noho-ture, kamupene, motuhake māori, i roto i te paruru- aua tika o te tangata nona, i te huarahi hanganga o te whakataetae.

Ko tētahi atu aronga o te huringa pütahitanga ko te tauhohenga o āpiha ohaoha rite ki te mea momo o ngā hanganga whakahaere o mata whakahaere ki huringa i roto i te taiao pakihi waho, a ka meinga te whakatikatika o ngā pūtahi me te whakakapinga o te tahi mau wāhanga. momo New o ngā hanganga whakahaere o te whakahaere e puta me huringa pütahitanga āpiha tono te tauhohenga ki te hua motuhake - pūtahi. Ko nga hua o taua huringa ko te kaha ki te whakaiti i ngā utu hoko i roto i te take o te fakafekau'aki institution (inviolability o taonga tūmataiti, moni pūmau, utu free, te kore o ngā here i runga i te kaupapa o te whakapaipai, me ētahi atu) ranei ki te farii i reti whakaratohia e te tohatoha o pūtahi (te here o te whakataetae, tautuhinga tāuru tauārai mākete, te whakataki o tariffs kawemai, reiti whakawhiti maha, me ētahi atu).

Ko te tikanga o te taunekeneke i waenganui i nga whare, me ngā umanga kitenga i roto i ngā momo katoa o ngā hanganga mana whakahaere me ngā rerekētanga pütahitanga e tohu ana i te tukanga matatini o te whakapai ake i te pūnaha pütahitanga obnovleniepervonachalnoy tauira pütahitanga, te huringa o ngā pūtahi tawhito, me te hou. I roto i te tukanga, āta ngaro pūtahi koretake, e kua whakakapi e mea hou. I roto i tenei tukanga reira he institutionalization u. Ētahi economists tautuhi institutionalization rite "te tukanga o te hanganga me te whakatōpū o te huinga whakahau o tikanga ōkawa me te ōpaki o te mahi o āpiha mākete (pūtahi) me ratou reproduction tonu o te u."

Ko te whāinga o te institutionalization o te kamupene i roto i te wā o te whakawhitinga ōhanga kei te whakarite i te oranga tonutanga o te mahi te kamupene o mā te whakaiti i papû ore, me te mōrea e tautuhi ana i te tūranga o ngā pūtahi i roto i te u. Āhuatanga o te kamupene hoko taea ki te wehewehe e toru ngā wāhanga: "deinstitutionalization" - "urutau" - "paari". Na nga mahi matua e pā ana ki te pānga o te kamupene o runga i te hanganga o nga mea timatanga o te taiao pütahitanga, kia whakaaro: ko te hanganga o te anga-ture, me te ture, hoatu ana e ia he huru whānui, me te ōrite. Ko te kupu, ka huri ki te herenga hangaia e te taiao, te kamupene whakakē enei here. Ko te Genesis o te u i roto i te wā tauwhirowhiro o te ōhanga mākete-hāngai arata'i ki te mutunga e takoto te institutionalization i te hanganga o te kōtuitui-pūtahi me te pānga o te kamupene i runga i te hanganga o ngā pūtahi ke. Ko te tukanga o te institutionalization o te u faarahi te tōtika o te kamupene, me tona whakataetae e te mutunga arata'i ki te whanaketanga ōhanga tauwhiro.