Ko te tautohe e pā ana ki te pono i roto i te tākaro "te rire Lower" Gorky

Tūmomo nui Maksima Gorkogo "I te raro" Ka taea te tautuhi rite te whakaari taumauri. I roto i tenei mahi, i taea ki te whakaara i te rota o ngā take raruraru o te tangata, me te tikanga o tona oraraa te kaituhi. Heoi, ko te kī te tautohe e pā ana ki te pono i roto i te tākaro "nga wahi hohonu Lower".

History o hanga

I tuhituhia te tākaro i roto i te 1902. āhuatanga tēnei wā e te nui raruraru ōhanga, i hua i te katinga o te wheketere i kaimahi i roto i o mahi, a i akina atu nga peasants ki te tono mea me te tono mea. Ko enei iwi katoa, a tahi me ratou, me te āhua, i te raro rawa o te ora. Hei whakaata i te whānuitanga ki tonu o te heke, i hanga Maxim Gorky ana pūāhua māngai o wāhanga katoa o te taupori. Te reira i Baron, e riro te kiri māia, he kaiwhakaari mua, he wahine kairau, he locksmith, he tahae, he hamani tiaa, kaihoko, rooming kaiwhakarēti whare, te pirihimana.

A ko reira i roto i e hoatu tenei pirau, me te rawakore i te mau uiraa mure ore matua o te ora. A i te ngakau o te pakanga takoto i roto i te tautohe e pā ana ki te pono o te tākaro "nga wahi hohonu Lower". Kua roa kua he raruraru taumauri unsolvable mō te tuhinga Russian tenei, hoki ka anga nei reira Pushkin, Lermontov, Dostoevsky, Tolstoy, Chekhov me te tini ke atu. Otiia kihai i Gorky whakawehi tenei ahua o take, a ka kua hanga e ia he mahi kahore ona o te didacticism me moralizing. Ko te pūtirotiro e tika ia ki te hanga i tona whiriwhiri, i muri i te whakarongo ki ngā rerekē o tirohanga, e faaite i te pūāhua.

Ko te tautohe e pā ana ki te pono

I roto i te tākaro "nga rire Lower", rite whakahuatia i runga ake, e kore e kawa tuhituhi noa he mooni whakawehi, te kaituhi tuatahi ko te whakautu ki te pātai taumauri tino nui. A i roto i te mutunga whakahaere ia ki te hanga i tētahi hua auaha, i a kahore rite i roto i te hītori o te tuhinga. I mawhiti tuatahi, te mea te kōrero whakakitea, plotless me kongakonga, ko nga mongamonga katoa o te puzzle e āta tāpiri, me hoko te kaimātakitaki te kopuratanga o marohirohi, ia o nei ko te kaikawe o te pono.

Matamaha, rangirua me te memeha kaupapa pērā i tautohe e pā ana ki te pono i roto i te tākaro "nga wahi hohonu Lower". Ripanga, e taea e hanga mo te māramatanga nui o reira, e ki roto e toru pūāhua: Bubnov, Luka me Satin. Ko enei pūāhua he kōrero wera e pā ana ki te akiaki ia o te pono. Te ite i te eita o whakahoki tenei pātai, e Gorky ki te mangai o nga marohirohi o whakaaro rerekē, e he rite me te ravnoprivlekatelny mo te pūtirotiro. E kore e taea ki te whakatau i te tūnga o te kaituhi, na enei whakaahua fakaangá e toru tikanga i roto i ara rerekē, me reira he tonu kahore whakaaro rite ki tona wāhi o tirohanga ki te kia pono he pono.

Bubnov

Tomo ki te tautohe e pā ana ki te pono o te tākaro "nga rire Lower", ko o te whakaaro e te matua ki nga meka katoa he Bubnov. e kore e whakapono ia i roto i te mana teitei, me te iku'anga tiketike o te tangata. whanau te tangata te ka ora anake ki mate: "te ara katoa: whanau, ka ora, te mate. A mate ahau ... ko koe ... He aha te mea e ... "tenei huru he hepohepo Aue i roto i te ora me te kahore koa i roto i te heke mai kite. Ko te pono hoki ia, ko te e kore e taea e te iwi te tu atu i te mau huru, me te nanakia o te ao.

Hoki he Kāore me hano tatau teka Bubnov, whakapono ia e hiahia ki te korero i te pono anake: "? A he aha e te iwi takoto rite"; "I roto i toku whakaaro, Wali pono katoa, rite he reira!" Ia noa kahore herenga whakapuaki tona whakaaro, i waho titiro i nga ētahi atu. Philosophy Bubnov pono, me te pitiless ki te tangata, e kore ia i kite i te mata o ratou hoa, me te tango i tiaki o reira.

Luke

e kore hoki Luke ko te pono, me te whakamarie mea nui. I roto i te kaha ki te kawe i te iti rawa etahi tikanga o hepohepo i roto i te ora ia o te tangata o te whare Doss, homai ana e ia a ratou tumanako teka. Tona awhina ko te teka. mārama Luke iwi, me te mohio he aha e te reira ki te katoa i runga i te pūtake o tenei me homai he kupu whakaari. Na, parau ia te Anna mate e i muri te mate, te mate mo tona okiokinga, kaiwhakaari faauru tumanako mo te rongoa mo te waipiro, pungarehu fafau te ora pai i roto i Siberia.

E whakaatu ana Luke tetahi o nga whika matua i roto i tenei take kia rite ki te tautohe e pā ana ki te pono i roto i te tākaro "nga wahi hohonu Lower". Tauira o tona aroha tonu, haapapûraa, engari ratou e kore te kupu o te pono i. Tenei ahua Ko tetahi o te tautohetohe tino i roto i te whakaari. Hoki te wa roa arotakea tona tuhituhi anake i te taha kino, engari i tenei ra he tokomaha e kite i roto i nga mahi o Luke me taime pai. E whakamarietia ana teka te ngoikore, taea ki te tu atu i te nanakia o te mooni. Ko te rapunga whakaaro o tenei huru i roto i te aroha: "kia whakaako pai te tangata ... Ahakoa whakapono iwi - i ora ai, engari ngaro tona whakapono - me te tarona ana ia ia." Tohu faatura tenei i roto i whakaaro ki te waiho i te kōrero e pā ana ki te pehea ora tokorua nga tahae i te tangata tawhito, ka tukinotia ia aroha. Luke pono - i roto i te aroha e hoatu tumanako ia ki te iwi, me te hiahia, ahakoa halá, te pea o te pai, e i āwhina ki te ora.

sateen

whakaaro Satin te te hoariri matua o Luke. Ko enei pūāhua e rua ko te tautohe matua o te pono i roto i te tākaro "nga wahi hohonu Lower". Satin Quotes rerekē koi ki tauākī o Luke: "Lies - he karakia o pononga," "True - he tangata noa he atua"!

Hoki Satin takoto Kāore, rite te tangata, kite ia te kaha, mauroa me te kaha ki te huri i nga mea katoa. Aroha me te aroha e horihori, e kore e hiahia ana ratou iwi. Ko tenei huru puaki te farewell rongonui o te tangata-atua, "He te tangata anake, ko te toenga katoa - te mahi o ona ringa me tona roro! Reira - nui! oro te reira - he reira whakakake "!

Rerekē Bubnov, aro hoki te pono, me te faatura teka whakakahore Satin whakapono iwi i roto i a ratou.

mutunga

Ko te kupu, Ko plot- te tautohe e pā ana ki te pono i roto i te tākaro "Te Lower Rire,". kihai i Gorky whakarato i tētahi otinga mārama ki te pakanga, ki te whakatau ko wai te mea tika, kia ia kaimātaki hoki ratou. Heoi, kia tuhia te reira e te farewell Satina rongo i te wa taua waiata whakamutunga te tangata, me te karanga ki te mahi ki te huri i te mooni whakawehi.