Ko te thermodynamics me wera whakawhiti. Methods o whakawhitinga wera me te tatauranga. whakawhiti Heat - te reira ...

I teie mahana, e tamata tatou ki te kitea he whakahoki ki te pātai "Heat - e ..?". I roto i tenei tuhinga whakaaro tatou e ko te tukanga, e te tīariari ona momo i roto i te āhua, me mohio he aha te mea te hononga i waenganui i te whakawhitinga wera me te thermodynamics.

whakamāramatanga

Heat Whakawhiti - he tukanga tinana, te ngako o te mea ki te whakawhiti pūngao wera. e Exchange wahi i waenganui i nga tinana e rua, ratou pūnaha ranei. Ko te kupu ka waiho whakawhitinga wera fie i te tinana wera ki te wera iti.

tukanga Āhuatanga

whakawhitinga wera - ko te ahua o te tītohunga e taea puta i te whakapā tika tenei, a i roto i te aroaro o taiepa wehewehe. I roto i te take tuatahi, mārama katoa, engari i roto i te tinana tuarua ki te whakamahi rite tauārai rauemi, te taiao. ka puta whakawhiti Heat i roto i te wā i reira te pūnaha arā o rua, neke atu rānei tinana kore he, i roto i te āhua o te waiariki taurite. E ko, he pāmahana teitei raro ranei atu te tahi atu tetahi o nga taonga. Here ka whakawhiti ai i te mana waiariki. Ko reira arorau ki te amo i taua e kia oti te reira, no te tae mai te pūnaha ki te āhua o te taurite thermodynamic waiariki ranei. puta noa i te tukanga, rite taea tatou korero i te ture tuarua o thermodynamics.

momo

whakawhiti Heat - he tukanga e taea te wehea ki ngā tikanga e toru. ka whai ratou i te āhua taketake, no te mea i roto i a ratou i reira he he iti tūturu me ona ake āhuatanga i runga i te par ki ture whānui. Kei te wehea teie mahana ki toru momo o te whakawhitinga wera. Tenei āriponga, te hihītanga me te radiation. Kia tīmata a ki te tuatahi, pea.

Methods o te whakawhitinga wera. kawe ia Thermal.

Na ko te taonga o te tinana rauemi ki te hanga i te whakawhitinga pūngao. Ko te kupu te whakawhiti i te reira i te wahi wera o te taua i te mea makariri. Ko te pūtake o tenei tītohunga ko te parau tumu o te nekehanga huru o rāpoi ngota. Tenei pera-ka karanga nekehanga Brownian. Ko te nui te pāmahana o te tinana, te atu neke te reira i roto i te rāpoi ngota, no te mea to ratou he pūngao neke nui. Ko te tukanga, ka uru waiariki irahiko āriponga, rāpoi, ngota. Kei te kawea te reira i roto i roto i te tinana, ngā wāhanga rerekē o e whai taurite pāmahana.

Ki te taea e te taonga, ko te ki te whakahaere wera, ka taea e tatou te korero o te āhuatanga ine. I roto i tenei take, nui reira te tūranga o te kawe ia ngāwhā. Tenei āhuatanga tohu te nui o te wera e tika ana i te tawhā takitahi o te roa, me te rohe ia te wā wae. I roto i tenei take, ka huri i te pāmahana tinana e rite 1 K.

I mua i whakapono ai e te utu o te wera i roto i te tinana rerekē (tae atu ki ngā hanganga wera anga tuku) e tika ana ki te meka i i tetahi wahi tinana ki tetahi atu pera-ka karanga rerenga caloric. Heoi, tohu o tona oraraa tūturu, kua kitea kahore tetahi, a ka kua whakawhanakehia te ariā rāpoi-nekeneke ki te taumata etahi, katoa e pā ana ki te caloric ka wareware ki te whakaaro, no te mea he Mäori te whakapae.

Iakawe. Ko te wai whakawhiti wera

Na roto i tenei ara te utu pūngao wera i matau whakawhiti ki aho ā. Kia whakaaro tatou he hopane o wai. Ka rite ki mohiotia te, rere te rangi wera piki whakarunga. He makariri, taimaha hinga ki raro. Na kia reira te kore he aha te wai katoa? Ko ia rite te taua. A i roto i te akoranga o tenei huringa, nga paparanga katoa o te wai, e kore mea pehea tokomaha kia ratou, ka wera ake te aroaro o te āhua o ngāwhā taurite. I raro i etahi tikanga, o te akoranga.

radiation

Tenei tikanga ko te parau tumu o te radiation hiko. Ko reira e tika ana ki te pūngao ā-. Kaha haere ki te ariā o te radiation wera kore timata, mōhio noa e te take i konei ko te pūrere o whakatupato matūriki, ngota me ngā rāpoi ngota.

mahi Simple i waiariki kawe ia

Na kia kōrero a pā ana ki te āhua o, i roto i te mahi titiro rite tātaitanga whakawhiti wera. Kia whakaoti o te raruraru ohie e pā ana ki te nui o te wera. A mana'o na tatou e to tatou he papatipu o te wai rite ki te hawhe manokaramu. Te pāmahana tīmata wai - 0 degrees, whakamutunga - 100. kitea tatou rahinga wera pau papatipu whakapā mō te para i te taonga.

Ki te mahi i tenei e hiahia ana matou nga cm = tātai Q (t ₂ -t _1), i reira Q - nui o te wera, c - te motuhake wera o te wai, m - papatipu o rauemi, t ₁ - tuatahi, t ₂ - whakamutunga pāmahana. tepu Water Ko te uara o te c pūāhua. He rite ki te 4200 J / kg * C. kaha wera motuhake Na whakakapi tatou enei uara ki te tātai. kitea e tatou e te nui o te wera he rite ki te 210000 J, 210 kJ ranei.

Ko te ture tuatahi o thermodynamics

E hono ana e etahi ture i te thermodynamics me whakawhiti wera. I roto i to ratou tūāpapa - te matauranga te huringa i roto i te pūngao ā-i roto i te pūnaha e taea te tutuki i te tikanga e rua. Origin - mahi kuru aunoa. Ko te tuarua - te karere te nui etahi o te wera. I runga i tenei parau tumu, na te ara, te ture tuatahi o thermodynamics. Tenei ko te kupu: Ki te kua korerotia te pūnaha kua nui etahi o te wera, ka kia pau te reira i runga i te mahi kōmihana i runga i tinana waho ki te nuku i ona pūngao ā-ranei. Ko te kīanga pāngarau ko: DQ = Du + DA.

Plus tango ranei?

Tino taea te tuhituhia nga ngā uara katoa e he wahi o te tuhi pāngarau o te ture tuatahi o thermodynamics rite ki te "me" me te ki te "tango" tohu. Ka te kōwhiringa o te tukanga e fakahā atu e te tikanga. A mana'o na tatou e tango ana i te pūnaha te nui etahi o te wera. I roto i tenei take, te tinana i roto i tona mahana. Nā tēnei, i reira he he roha hau me, no reira, mahi mahi te. Ka rite ki te hua, ka kia pai te uara. Ki te, i hū i te nui o te wera tangohia atu te te hau, mahi mahi kei runga i te reira. Ka kōaro nga uara uara.

He waihanga o te ture tuatahi o thermodynamics kē

Tera pea e whai tatou he pūkaha puranga. Te reira i inu mahi (ranei te pūnaha), te mahi i te tukanga huringa. Kei te karangatia e te reira i te huringa. Ka rite ki te hua, ka hoki mai i te pūnaha ki tona āhua taketake. E riro te reira arorau ki te amo i taua i roto i tenei take i te huringa i roto i te pūngao ā-he rite ki te kore. Huri i te reira i roto i taua e kia rite ki te mahi tino te nui o te wera. Ēnei tikanga hanga reira taea ki te whakatakoto ko kua rerekē te ture tuatahi o thermodynamics.

Mai i tenei e taea matau tatou e i roto i te āhua e kore e taea e te mīhini nekehanga mau tonu o te ahua tuatahi. Ko, he pūrere e rave mahi i roto i te nui nui whakaritea ki te pūngao riro i waho. I roto i tenei take, kia kia whakamana mahi wā.

Ko te ture tuatahi o thermodynamics mō izoprotsessov

Whakaaroa, ki timata tukanga isochoric. I raro i ia tonu tonu te rōrahi. Na, ka waiho te huringa rōrahi kore. Nō reira, ka hoki hei te mahi kore. tango tatou i tenei wāhanga i te ture tuatahi o thermodynamics, a ka whiwhi i te tātai DQ = du. No reira, no te tukanga isochoric hoatu ki te pūnaha te wera katoa, haere i runga i te whakanui ake i te pūngao ā o te hau, ranunga ranei ona.

Na kia kōrero a pā ana ki te tukanga isobaric. Tonu pēhanga tamau reira. I roto i tenei take, ka huri i te pūngao ā-i roto i te mahi kōmihana whakarara. Tenei ko te tātai taketake: DQ = Du + pdV. Ka taea e ngāwari tatou tātai mahi mahi. ka waiho te reira i rite ki te ur kīanga (T ₂ -T _1). E te ara, ko te tikanga tinana o te aumou hau te ao tenei. I roto i te aroaro o tetahi kamiriona o te hau, me te rerekētanga pāmahana, kotahi wae Kelvin, he rite ki te mahi mahi i roto i te tukanga isobaric te aumou hau ao.