A, no te i roto i te 1983 kua tangohia te United States te MLRS MLRS, e na ona āhuatanga i rite ki te pūnaha Soviet "Hurricane" whakamahia i roto i te 1975, ua faaoti whenua NATO e mau te Soviet Union i te pūnaha o te salvo ahi. Heoi, i ratou i te ohorere. E whā tau i muri mai, i roto i 1987, ka tangohia urupare wiki puhipuhi o te Army Soviet tomo te tāutanga "Smerch".
History o hanga
Ko te mahi ki te whakawhanake i tētahi pūnaha tākirirangi hou i mua i te reira, i roto i te tua ki ngā mahi tuku iho mo te whakangaromanga o te taputapu, patu, hōpuni, airfields me amo, hoko me te whakangaromanga o missiles rauhanga. Hoki tenei whakaaro i tika ki te whakapiki ake i te whānuitanga tika, me te pupuhi. Hoki te whanaketanga o te pūnaha taua haere mai te reira i te Tula Design Bureau o te State Rangahau me Production Enterprise "Fusion", i hangaia e maha launchers tākirirangi Russia. kaihoahoa General ko Alexander Nikitivich Ganichev, a muri iho tona matenga - Denezhkin Gennadiy Alekseevich.
Hoahoa me te āhuatanga
I te timatanga o te mahi o kaihoahoa e fehangahangai ki te raruraru nui. Katoa pere Launchers Russia me te ao, tīmata ki te rongonui "Katyusha", me te hua i roto i te pupuhi whānuitanga ngaro ratou painga matua - pakunga patu kihai i, pāngia te ūnga he tākirirangi mararatanga nui. Hei hinga tenei drawback, tono te whati tuatahi o te ako i roto i te ao o te paura ka mea i roto i te ware me te Yaw. Mā te whakamahi i te pūnaha ahurei mana hit tutuki tika i roto i rua, me te tika - toru nga wa runga ake i taua o rite pūnaha ke o salvo ahi. I tua atu, i roto i te tītere tono he pai totoka-boosters. enei whanaketanga katoa whakaaro e te tāutanga o "Twister" - he patu o te taumata faufaa hou e he faito ore i roto i te whānui me te patu mana o te ahi, te whakangaromanga o waka Armoured me hōpuni hoariri pea.
tahua o te matā
RZSO "Twister" - tāutanga o pakunga ahi. He he aratohu whakarewanga korere 12, aua, i roto i te paura ngā 12 momo rerekē o missiles. A feruri i etahi o ratou. 9M55K anga he wahi matenga ki huānga wehewehenga. Hangaia ki te whai wāhi hangarau ngohengohe-kiri, me te hōpuni i te whenua tuwhera. Ko te tītere Kei 9M55K1 submunitions whāhoki. Hangaia ki te whakangaro i te tihi o waka Armoured me tāke. Missiles 9M55K3 ko K4 e whakamahia mō te anti-kaimahi me te anti-keri aua. Te matenga wahi 646 rawa te 9M55K5 submunitions ki ahuahu-wehewehenga lethality. Kilisimasi 120 mm patu ōrite me te whai hua te nuinga ki hōia e tere ana i roto i te BMP me APCs. Pere 9M55F Kei te warhead wehewehenga nui-taikaha wetekina. e whakamotitia te reira i hōpuni, kōrero pokapū, tari matua, hōia me ngā whakaurunga ahumahi. Ko te tītere tino whakapōrearea ki "Twister" Ko 9M55S rawa warhead thermobaric (pera-ka karanga explosives wahie-rangi, ranei korehau poma). Materials o nga whakamātautau kāwanatanga, e whakatau i te tōtika o tona whakamahi, e whakarōpūtia.
I tēnei wā, e hāngai ana i runga i te kaha i runga whakawhanakehia missiles hou ki nui haere pupuhi whānuitanga o 90 kiromita. Me kï hoki tetahi atu warhead rereke. Ko te pere ki te rererangi unmanned, tikanga nei ki te aroturuki me te torotoro hoariri mo te hawhe haora, ka kua he nui rawa o whakawhetai ngā kākahu maitai ki tona rahi iti.
Ko te matatini MRL
Pakunga tāutanga "Smerch" ngā o te waka whawhai 9A52, hanga i runga i te pūtake o te tahuhu wha-uehā ki tiketike ripeka-MAZ 543 waka. huihui te reira i te mōkihi o 12 ārahi ana te āhua tubular, i reira he taputapu kōrero reo irirangi, me te pūnaha mana ahi taputapu e wātea ana. Kei te whakamahia transportnozaryazhayuschaya mīhini mō te uta i te Pūwhakarewa, kua 9T234 taupū, ano i runga i te MAZ-543. Ko te putanga kaweake o te MLRS whakarato, i runga i te tono, he motokā whakakapinga "Tatra-816." Ko e tika ana ki te meka i roto i te tahi mau whenua, pērā i India, i reira te mea he mahi pai te whakawhanakehia o tenei kamupene tenei. Ki te whakarite e whakamahia tautuhinga tono whawhai pai: IQ matatini (mana ahi aunoa) 9S729M1 "Maka-1" KamAZ-43114 ( «Tatra-T815"); Waka mō te rūri (1T12-2M taupū, GAZ-66); Meteorological radiopelengatsionny matatini 1B44 "Smile" ( "Ural-43203").
Whenua ki ringa i runga i RZSO
E te wa te Soviet Union hinga i roto i te ringa o toru Tuhinga tākirirangi puhipuhi i te tāutanga "Smerch". 336 wiki i muri i te tau 1991 noho i roto i Peraruhia, 337 - i roto i Russia, me 371 - i roto i Ukraine. I tua atu ki te whenua i runga ake-whakahuatia, te tāutanga te taviniraa i roto i Azerbaijan, Algeria, Venezuela, Georgia, India, Kuwait, UAE, Peru ko Turkmenistan. i whakanohoia wāhanga o te waka tauā i roto i enei whenua tika Rosoboronexport, a kua oti etahi hokona i nga rahui o te Soviet Ukraine me Peraruhia. hua China RZSO "Smerch" raihana i runga i tona tahuhu.
whanaketanga fafau
I roto i te Russia o tenei ra kei te whakawhanake i ngā pūnaha pere hou. māngai te whakaahua o tetahi o ratou e ki tou whakarongo. Tenei tāutanga o "kama" i roto i te tahuhu hou KAMAZ-6350 ki te 6 huapae hei utu o te 12, i te tuatahi faaite i te whakaatu Aerospace "MAKS-2007". tonu hoki RZSO ki te whakawhanake i whakatupuranga hou o "Āwhā", e hohoro ka inoi ki runga ki ohipa whawhai i roto i te Russian Ope me nga ope patu o ētahi atu whenua.