Ko wai i tuhituhi "Oblomov"? Ko te hītori o te pūrākau "Oblomov"

Tetahi tangata e kereme ana he maheni ki te ingoa o te reo matatini Lva Tolstogo, Ivan Turgenev, Fedora Dostoevskogo me tino taea faahiti hei tauira nga ingoa o etahi o nga mahi tino rongonui o ēnei kaituhi. Ko te tangata i tuhituhi "Oblomov"? Ko wai ko te kaituhi? A he aha te mea ka pera tohu te hero o tona rongonui?

Tamariki me te tamarikitanga o te kaituhi heke mai

whanau Ivan Alekseevich Goncharov (nei i tuhituhi "Oblomov") i roto i Simbirsk, inaianei kua mohiotia taua mea rite Ulyanovsk, i roto i te 1812. Ko ia te tama a te kaihokohoko taonga. Otiia mate Papa Ivan whitu nga tau i muri i te whanautanga o te tamaiti, i kawea mai taitamariki Ivan matua wairua, Nikolai Tregubova aristocrat ohaoha-whakaaro. kitea e ia Goncharova whānui Horizons ahurea, me te āhua noho mātanga. ako Ivan Goncharov te tīmatanga i roto i te kura arumoni i roto i 1822, tonu whakangungu mō te waru tau. Pehea ka haamana'o te kaituhi, i te reira ko te tau nui atu te pouri o tona ora. i taea e kore Ivan aro ki te kounga iti o te mātauranga me te tikanga ako tino. Tona whakamarie anake i te wa ko te mātauranga-whaiaro.

mātauranga Higher me te putanga tuatahi

Na ka ki University Moscow, i roto i te huru o te haere noa hinengaro me te tautohetohe ora, tupu te wairua Goncharova. Ivan i roto i te whakangungu mohio ki etahi o nga hinengaro ārahi o tona tau, engari e kore e tomo i roto i tetahi o nga rōpū ākonga, i ki tonu o te whakapono i roto i te mau mana'o o te kaupapa Romantic Tiamana.

Kua noho Goncharov tau'a ki te whakaaro o te huringa tōrangapū, me te pāpori, Kei te whiwhi nei rongonui i te wa. riro te reira i te pānui me te translation o tona mahi matua. I roto i te 1832, i whakaputaina vahe e rua i nga mahi o Eugene Sue, e oho Ivan. Ko tona putanga tuatahi.

Tu'ite me te timatanga o te ora pakeke

I muri i tu'ite i roto i te tau 1834 i mahi Goncharov mo tata e toru tekau nga tau rite te mōhiohio kāwanatanga. Tuatahi, ka hoki ia ki te kāinga ki te tomo i te tari o te kawana o Simbirsk, a ka oho i muri mai i te tau ki a St Petersburg, a ka timata te mahi rite te iriti i te Tāhuhu o Finance.

Rerekē tāwhai tuhituhi pērā i Turgenev ranei Tolstoy, Ivan Goncharov i takoha ia ki te whiwhi i te ora, a kore noa whakawhirinaki i runga i te tuhituhi. Ivan, o te akoranga, ka he mema o te porowhita tuhituhi, whakaturia i roto i te whare noa i tuhituhi Maikova whiti. Ko hohoro mutu katoa ki te hema i roto i te rotarota. E rave rahi o te rotarota i ngā o Goncharov pūrākau "Kōrero noa" rite Adueva mahi. Ko te tino haina e kua mutu te kaituhi ki te tango ia ratou tino.

mahi Literary nei i tuhituhi "Oblomov". Photo i te mahi kaituhi

Ko te tuhi tuatahi i timata Goncharova puta i roto i "snowdrops". Ko te pūrākau Sapphire "upoko tomo Bolesta", i roto i nei whakahi e ia te sentimentalism whaiāipo. Na ka haere mai te whakaari fakamāmaní ki te pa o te pukuhohe, me te mahi tino nui o te wa, ko te tuhinga roa ui "Ivan Savich Podzhabrin". Ko te kupu ka timata ko te mahi tuhituhinga te tetahi e tuhituhi "Oblomov".

Ahakoa te meka i timata Ivan ki te tuhituhi hoki i te wa roa, riro tana mahi nui tuatahi "Kōrero noa". parau ia e pā ana ki te tukinga i waenganui i te rangatira Russian pirau me te piha haapiiraa kaihokohoko hou. Ko te fakaanga tino whai mana o te wa , Vissarion Belinsky whakaahuatia te pūrākau hei whakaeke i runga i te romanticism tawhitotia.

Ko te hua tino rongonui, he pukapuka tuarua Ivan ranei

A i roto i te mea tau i tuhituhia ai "Oblomov"? timata Ivan Alekseevich Goncharov tona pūrākau tuarua i roto i te mutunga o nga 1840, engari i puhoi te tukanga mō ngā take maha. I roto i te kotahi mano e waru rau e rima tekau ka mau ia te rima te tūranga o te kaiwhakamātau i hanga he haerenga ki Ingarangi, Awherika me Japan rite Admiral Hekeretari Putiatina.

Anake te kōrero poto he tuhinga ui ranei "Te Dream o Oblomov. Ko te wāhanga o te pūrākau oti" i whakaputaina i roto i te 1849, i muri whakaurua rite te "Dream o Oblomov" i roto i te mahi ka oti o Ivan.

Na tuatahi puta te pūrākau "Oblomov" i roto i "Notes o te fatherland" makasiní i roto i 1859. Kei te oti rawa te reira ki te raruraru o te protagonist waenganui-koroheke. He āhuatanga motuhake o Ili Ilicha ko te huru mangere ki te ora. tuhituhi te kaituhi tona huru ki aroha, ahakoa ko ia te faahoho'araa o te rangatira.

Ko te take matua i roto i te mahi o Ivan

E te hunga matua hiahia i roto i te kaipānui ohie? Tenei, runga ake katoa, he aha te hua, e kore noa te tetahi e tuhituhi reira. "Oblomov" - ko te pūrākau, e whakaahua ana i te whakarau o te kaiwhakarëti Ili Ilicha, a ki runga ki te pūtake o tenei kōrero te kaituhi i roto i tona mahi aro maha take nui kei mua i te hapori Russian i roto i te rautau tekau mā iwa. Tenei kahore ona o maha kaipupuri whenua, me nga rangatira i roto i te hapori, te hononga matatini i waenganui i ngā mema o rerekē akomanga pāpori, pērā i Oblomov me tana pononga tane.

Ko te pūāhua matua - he kuao, me te ataahua hūmārie, engari te mea te reira e kore e taea ki te hanga whakatau nui, tīmata etahi mahi nui ranei ia. Puta noa i nga mahi katoa, e ia uaua rau i tona ruma ranei moenga. Ano, i roto i te whārangi tuatahi e rima tekau e pā ana ki Ile Ilichu rawa koroiroi kore te whakahaere ki te waiho ia.

Te tikanga hua mohiotia

Ivan Alekseevich Goncharov (nei i tuhituhi "Oblomov" pūrākau) pea kore whakaaro e e riro na rongonui tona mahi, e e tangohia he ōhakitia nui i runga i te ahurea Russian. Ano, ko te mahi o Goncharova tāpiri kupu hou i roto i te reo Rusia. Ka maha e whakamahia te ingoa o te huru matua ki te whakaahua i te tangata e whakaaturia te āhuatanga o te tuakiri mangere me te tau'a rite ki te huru o te pūrākau.

Ko te hua meinga te āhukahuka loto o ngā kaipānui e kore anake, engari ano hoki i fakaangá. He ko te hunga e tuhituhi: Oblomov - te reira te tangata whakamutunga i roto i te rarangi "tangata hira" i muri Onegin, Pechorin, a Rudin i roto i te pirau feudal Russia. tuhia Nikolay Dobrolyubov e i roto i te pukapuka whakamaoritia ki te mua, ka waiho i raro ki te tātaritanga tino o te take tino nui o te wā. He momo motuhake o te mangere e tika ana ki te whaiaro-whakangaromanga o te takitahi.

Ko te tau whakamutunga o te ora o te kaituhi rongonui, me te fakaanga

Ko enei i taea raruraru ao te whakatutuki i roto i tona mahi, i te tetahi e tuhituhi "Oblomov". Heoi, e kore ko Ivan he kaituhi āna. whakaputaina e ia e toru anake o tona pūrākau. Kotahi tekau nga tau i muri i te whakaputanga o te pūrākau "Oblomov" haere i tetahi atu wahi i huaina "Broken", e hoki he angitu nui ki kaipānui kua.

mahere Goncharov me te wha o nga pūrākau, engari e kore te moe liliu. Engari, riro ia he fakaanga me hanga maha arotake tapere, me te tuhituhi. Na roto i te mutunga o tona ora Ivan tuhituhi Rōpū faahiahia, i roto i nei whakawakia e ia ona tāwhai o tinihanga tuhi o tona mahi. mate ia i roto i St Petersburg Mahuru 24, 1891 i te kakā.

Ko te kupu haere te ora o te kaituhi faahiahia me fakaanga Ivana Alekseevicha Goncharova - te tetahi e tuhituhi i te pūrākau "Oblomov". Sioloto atu kua mohiotia inaianei reira ki nga kura. He rongonui kore anake, engari ano hoki he tino i roto i te iwi whānui te hua.