I roto i 2012, i te mau tautooraa o te Russian Public Opinion Research Centre (VTsIOM), i whakahaere te rangahau, i roto i nei ui nga mua i ki te whakamārama he aha te ohaoha. Neke atu i te hawhe o te whai wāhi i roto i tenei whakamātautau (ranei, kaua, 56%) i kitea uaua taua mea ki te whakatuwheratanga o te wā. Ko reira pea e kua puta ke tino tenei āhuatanga i roto i te tau torutoru, na kia titiro a ki te mea i te mau parau tumu whakaaetia ana liberalism me aha mau ko tenei au pāpori-tōrangapū, me te taumauri.
Ko wai te mea te ohaoha?
I roto i te ngā rawa whānui taea tatou te mea e te tangata e te tukua ki tenei kaupapa, manako, me te tautoko i te whakaaro o iti wawao a te kāwanatanga i roto i whanaunga pāpori. hāngai ana te pūtake o tenei pūnaha kei i runga i te ōhanga pakihi tūmataiti, i roto i te tahuri, e whakaritea nei, i runga i te mau parau tumu mākete. Whakahoki i te pātai o nei ko te ohaoha, maha tohunga tautohe e ko ia te reira te tangata haere noa tōrangapū, whakaaro whaiaro me te ōhanga i te matua teitei i roto i te ora o te kāwanatanga me te hapori. Hoki kaitautoko o te Māoritanga o te haere noa, me tika o te tangata katoa e etahi pūtake ture i runga i nei, i roto i to ratou tirohanga, te tikanga ōhanga me te pāpori me te hanga. whakaaro tatou inaianei nei te Rīpera Democrat. Ko te tangata e, te parururaa i haere noa, he hoariri o te Mana tenei. manapori Rīpera, i roto i te whakaaro o pūtaiao tōrangapū Western - ko te pai rapua e maha whenua whakawhanakehia. Heoi, i runga i tenei wā e taea e tatou e kore te kōrero anake i roto i ngā o tōrangapū. I roto i tona tikanga taketake o tenei kupu i huaina Freethinkers me Riperetini katoa. I te tahi taime hinga ratou tokomaha, me te hunga e te hunga i roto i te hapori i tahuri ki te taikaha nui.
Rīpera hou
Ka rite ki te tirohanga motuhake, puta whakaaro kaupapa wä i roto i te mutunga o te rau tau 17. Pūtake hoki tona whanaketanga i nga mahi o taua kaituhi rongonui rite Montesquieu, Hoani. Locke, Arama Smith ko Hoani. Mill. I taua wa i whakaaro ai e te taniwha, ka arahi hinonga noa, me te pokanoa-kore o te kāwanatanga i roto i te ora tūmataiti ki te pai, me te whakapai ake i te toko i te ora o te hapori. Heoi, ka rite ki tahuri reira i roto i, te tauira puāwaitanga o te liberalism i kore utu atu. Free, kua tutu i te whakataetae kāwanatanga arahina ki te putanga o motuhake, i rimurapa utu. I roto i te tōrangapū, i reira nga rōpū moni tāwharau i. tenei katoa i hanga taea reira mo taurite ture, me te tino iti mai te taea hoki te hunga katoa e hiahia ana ki te mahi i mahi. I te 80-90 tau. timata rau tau 19 whakaaro ohaoha ki te wheako raruraru nui. Ka rite ki te hua o rapu ariā roa i roto i te tīmatanga o te rau tau 20 kua reira kua whakawhanakehia he ariā hou, e mohiotia ana ko neo-liberalism liberalism pāpori ranei. Ko tōna kaiwhakahau taunaki te tiaki o te takitahi i te pānga kino, me te tūkino o te pūnaha mākete. I roto i te te liberalism puāwaitanga, kua te kāwanatanga kua tahi mea o te "kaitutei po". Rīpera uru tenei ra e ko te reira he hape, a whakaurua i roto i ona whakaaro hōtaka pērā i:
- iti wawao a te kāwanatanga i roto i ao pāpori me te ōhanga;
- mana kāwanatanga ki runga i nga mahi o motuhake;
- whai wāhitanga o te tini i roto i te tōrangapū;
- kī he maha o iti tika pāpori (painga tawhito-tau, te tika ki te mātauranga, mahi, me ētahi atu);
- whakaaro-peia me te mana;
- tika tōrangapū (te democratization o-whakatau kaupapa i roto i ngā mahi tōrangapū).
Rīpera Russian
I roto i te kōrero polytypic o Russian hou tenei au ai te rota o tautohe. Hoki te tahi mau Rīpera - he conformist, ki te tākaro me te Te Hau-ā-uru, engari mo etahi - he rongoa e taea te whakaora i te whenua i te kaha tino o te kāwanatanga. Taua taupatupatu i roto i kahore iti wahi e tika ana ki te meka i roto i Russia i te wa taua i reira e maha ngā momo o tenei Māoritanga. Ko te nui tino o ratou he fundamentalism ohaoha (māngai - Alexei Venediktov, tino ētita o te teihana "Echo o Moscow"), neo-liberalism (māngai - Andrei Illarionov), liberalism pāpori (te rōpū "Yabloko") me te liberalism ture (te Pāti Republican me te rōpū Parnas).