Mahi "Bagration". mahere tuku Peraruhia (1944)

I roto i te raumati o 1944 te Army Soviet whāngai mo te whakaoranga hopea o Peraruhia i nga Tiamana. I whakaritea te ihirangi matua o "Bagration" mahere mahi ino i te maha akina ana, i ko ki maka ope Wehrmacht waho te whenua. whakaaetia te angitu te USSR ki timata te whakaoranga o Poland me Te Tai Rāwhiti Prussia.

i runga i te mahana

hangaia rautaki Mahere "Bagration" i rite ki te āhuatanga anö i te timatanga o 1944 i roto i te Peraruhia. he wahi tukua o Vitebsk, Gomel, Mogilev me Polesie rohe o te whenua te Army Whero. Heoi, i tonu noho te nuinga o tona rohe i waeine Tiamana. I te mua, i hanga he ngä e huaina te Wehrmacht i "taupee Belarusian". I te tari matua o te Tuatoru Reich i taea rite te roa rite taea ki te pupuri i tenei wāhi rautaki nui katoa.

Hei tiakina nga rohe whatunga hou huri noa i hanga 250 kiromita i roto i te roa. Ko ratou nga awarua, waea tao me maina. I roto i te tahi mau wahi tere keria waikeri anti-tank. whakahau Tiamana i taea ki te whakapiki ake i ara tona ope ake i roto i Peraruhia, ahakoa te matekai o ngā rauemi tangata. E ai ki te raraunga maramarama Soviet i roto i te rohe, ko reira iti ake atu i te miriona hoia o te Wehrmacht. He aha kia whakahē tenei "Operation Bagration"? hāngai ana te mahere i runga i te whakaeke, neke atu i te hawhe te miriona hoia.

whakaaetanga o te mahere

tīmata faaineineraa mo te mahi ki te hinga i te Tiamana i roto i Peraruhia i whakahau a Stalin i April 1944. I te wa ano i timata te General kaimahi ki te arotahi ki runga i te wāhanga e hāngai ana o nga hoia mua, me te Matériel. Ko te mahere taketake "Bagration" whakaarohia i e General Alekseem Antonovym. I te mutunga o Mei, i rite ia te mahi tauira.

I te wa ano i roto i Moscow kua meinga e nga rangatira matua i runga i te Front Western. Ko Konstantin Rokossovsky, Ivan Chernyakhovsky ko Ivan Bagramyan. korerotia ratou i runga i te āhuatanga i roto i to ratou rāngai o te mua. I tae ano te aparauraa e Georgy Zhukov ko Alexander Vasilevsky (māngai tono Whakahaua). Mahere whakahoutia me parakore. I muri i taua, i runga i Mei 30 i whakaaetia ai e te Commander Hupirimi.

"Bagration" (i na te ingoa te mahere i roto i te kororia o General o te Pakanga Patriotic o 1812 tau) e hāngai ana i runga i te haputanga e whai ake nei. i ki kia wā kotahi pakaru i roto i te ono rāngai o te mua parepare o te hoariri. I muri i whakaritea ai encirclement o ope German i runga i nga hope (e tata ana Bobruisk ko Vitebsk), te ino i roto i te ahunga o Brest, Minsk ko Kaunas. I muri oti hinga o Army 1 Belorussian mua i ahau ki te haere i runga i Warsaw, 1 Paratiki - e Konigsberg me 3 Peraruhia - ki Allenstein.

mahi pakanga

I whakaratohia te angitu o te mahi i "Bagration"? hāngai ana te mahere i kore anake i runga i te mahi o whakahau tono ope, engari ano hoki i runga i tona mahi tahi kaha ki te guerrillas. Hei whakahohe kōrero i waenganui i hanga ratou ope motuhake mahi. I te Pipiri 8, i kaha i roto i te raro nga guerrillas, i whakahau ki te faaineine no te te whakangaromanga o rerewē, whakaturia i roto i te rohe nohoia.

I te po o Hune 20 i puhia reira ake ake atu i te 40,000 ara. I tua atu, derailed nga guerrillas tereina o te Wehrmacht. Rōpū "Center" haere mai i raro i te whakaeke ruruku i te ope Soviet, kihai i ahei ki te hutia ake ki te rāhui raina mua e tika ana ki te pāpāngia o ratou ake kōrero.

Vitebsk-Orsha ino

"Bagration" mahi i runga i Pipiri 22 timata te wāhanga hohe. ngā te reira i tenei rā ko kahore tāpiritanga. I anō tere ino General i te toru o nga tau o te whakaeke Tiamana i runga i te Soviet Union. i whakamahia 1 Paratiki Front me 3 Peraruhia mō te mahi Vitebsk-Orshanskaya. I roto i te akoranga o reira ko ki te kawe ki raro, te korero i runga i te rōpū parirau tika "Center". fakatau'atāina'i te Army Whero he torutoru pokapū rohe o Vitebsk rohe, tae atu ki te Orsha. I whati nga Tiamana nga wahi katoa.

I whakawāteahia Pipiri 27 Vitebsk o te hoariri. I runga i te eve o te rōpū Tiamana, i whakahaeretia i roto i te rohe o te pa, kua oti i raro i te reira ki te pūrepo taimaha, me te rangi aro maha. He wāhanga nui o te hoia Tiamana i karapotia. Nganatanga e etahi wehenga whatiia atu ka tae ki tetahi mea.

Pipiri 28 tukua i Lepel. Ka rite ki te hua, i taea e ki te whakangaro tata rawa 53rd te hoariri Army Corps Vitebsk-Orsha ino o te Army Whero. ngaro te Wehrmacht i 40,000 patua a 17,000 riro.

te whakaoranga o Mogilev

Whāngai e te General Headquarters Military Mahere "Bagration" i ai e waiho Mogilev mahi he patu whakatakotoria ki te Wehrmacht. I roto i tenei rohe, i paku iti iho i te i roto i te tahi atu rāngai o te mua te ope Tiamana. Otiia, ko rawa nui te ino Soviet konei, no te mea tapahia te hoariri atu ara mawhiti.

Ko te aronga Mogilev o nga hoia Tiamana i parepare pai-rite. Katoa pa iti, e tata ana te huarahi matua, i tahuri ki te pourewa. hipoki huarahi Eastern ki Mogilev i e rave rahi mowhiti ārai. i roto i ana kupu tūmatanui, ka mea a Hitler e me pupuri te pa i utu katoa. Waiho tukua inaianei reira anake ki te whakaae whaiaro o te Fuehrer.

Pipiri 23 i muri timata aro pū ope o te mua Byelorussian 2 ki te faahepo i te awa Prony. Te taha i puritia ona pareparenga i nga Tiamana hanga he aho ārai. Puta noa i te awa whakaritea i pinepine o piriti. Ko te hoariri, ko te tata kahore parenga, no te mea he pararutiki hoki ia i te pū. Aita i maoro roa i putanga reira whenua runga Dnieper i Mogilev rohe. riro te pa i runga i Pipiri 28 i muri i te whakaeke tere. Mea rawa i roto i te mahi riro i te herehere neke atu i te 30 mano hoia Tiamana. ope Wehrmacht tuatahi taui i roto i te faanahohia, engari i muri i tango Mogilev tahuri tenei taui ki te Stampede.

mahi Bobruisk

whakahaere mahi Bobruiskaya i roto i te ahunga tonga. i mahara ia ki te arahi ki te encirclement o nga wae German, hoki i te whakarite i te auau te kōhua nui-tauine. Mahere o te mahi "Bagration" i ai ko tenei mahi ki te mahi i Mua Belorussian 1, whakahau e Rokossovsky.

Tata timata Bobruisk ino i runga i Pipiri 24, e ko te iti i muri mai i te i roto i te tahi atu rāngai o te mua. I roto i tenei rohe, i reira i tokomaha repo. E kore e nga Tiamana e mahara e ka hinga i te Army Whero tenei repo. Heoi, i ahakoa tū te nekeneke uaua. Ka rite ki te hua, i hanga te ope 65-th kore te he pupuhi tere, me te auheke ki te aue tatari mo te hoariri. I te Pipiri 27, ka mau hōia Soviet mana o te rori i roto i Bobruisk. Whakaekenga a te pa. i whakawāteahia Bobruisk o te Wehrmacht i te ahiahi o te 29. I roto i te mahi huna te 35 Ope me 41 Panzer whare. I muri i te angitu o te ope Soviet i runga i nga hope mo reira whakatuwheratia te ara ki Minsk.

Polotsk pupuhi

I muri i te angitu o Vitebsk 1 Paratiki Front i raro i te whakahau a Ivan Bagramyan puta ki te wāhanga i muri o te ino i runga i ngā tūranga Tiamana. Na, ko te Ope Taua Soviet ki te tukua e Polotsk. Na faaoti matou i te tari matua, tuitui i te mahi "Bagration". ki te hopu i te mahere i ki kia meatia rite hohoro rite taea, no te mea i roto i tenei rohe i reira ko tetahi rōpū kaha o nga mano "Te Tai Tokerau".

Whakatangihia ki Polotsk i mahia Pipiri 29 ope Soviet e rave rahi ngā rautaki. Ua tauturu Army Whero nga guerrillas, e ohorere patua te hiku o te titaritari iti hōia Tiamana. Whiu i runga i ngā taha e rua ki te hanga nui whakama me te hepohepo i roto i te rarangi o te hoariri. faaoti Garrison Polotsk ki whakamuri i mua i te kohua kati.

Hōngongoi fakatau'atāina'i ope Soviet 4 Polotsk, i ko rautaki nui ano hoki te mea te mea he huinga rerewē. arahina tenei hinga ki te tahia Wehrmacht. ngaro ia tona rangatira tūranga o Army Group "Te Tai Tokerau" George Lindemann. kau taki Tiamana, Heoi, te mea ke atu ki te mahi i kore i taea i reira. I mua, i runga i Hune 28 tupu te mea ano ki whakahau Field Marshal Ernst Bush Army Group "Center".

te whakaoranga o Minsk

Ko te angitu o te Headquarters Soviet Army tukua tere ki te hoatu "Bagration" mahi mahi hou. ko mahere Free Peraruhia te hanganga o te kōhua tata Minsk. I hanga e te reira i muri i ngaro nga Tiamana mana o Bobruisk me Vitebsk. 4 ope Tiamana i ki te rawhiti o Minsk, a ka hatepea atu i te toenga o te ao i roto i te wahi tuatahi, te pēhi i te hōia Soviet i te raki me te tonga, a tuarua, tutukitanga tūturu i roto i te puka o awa. Te Hau-ā-uru o te awa rere. Berezina.

A, no te whakahau General Kurt von Tippelskirch he punanga whakaritenga, i tona ope ki te neke puta noa te awa i runga i te piriti me te paru ara kotahi. Nga Tiamana me ratou hoa patua nga guerrillas. I tua atu, matā te rohe whakawhitinga rererangi. Te Army Whero whiti te Berezina i runga i Pipiri 30. tukua Minsk i Hōngongoi 3, 1944. I roto i te pane o Peraruhia puta karapotia e 105 mano hoia o te Wehrmacht. Killing neke atu i te 70, ka riro herehere tetahi 35 i.

Maehe ki te Baltic States

Na, ka haere i runga i te ino i roto i te-uru raki te ope o te 1 Baltic mua. Hoia i raro i te whakahau o Baghramyan i ki te wahi i roto i ki te moana Baltic me hatepea atu Army Group "Te Tai Tokerau" i te tahi atu wae o te ope German patu. Mahere "Bagration", i roto i te poto, kua tūmanakohia reira e i te hua nui i roto i tenei tuhaa o te mua te angitu o te mahi. whakawhitia reira 1 mua Paratiki Army te 39raa me 51th.

A, no te e hopea tae tino rahui te tūranga matatau, whakahaere nga Tiamana ki te wahia ki Daugavpils kaha nui. Na e kore ko te ope Soviet he taua painga tau korerotia, e rua i te wāhanga tuatahi o te mahi "Bagration". Ko te mahere mō te blitzkrieg e taua wa kua tata oti. noho hoia oioi te whakamutunga ki te pae hopea fakatau'atāina'i rohe Soviet i whakaeke. i tukua Daugavpils ko Siauliai ahakoa te slippage rohe i roto i te whawhai, i runga i 27 Hōngongoi. 30 tapahia te maha o hōia te raina rerewhenua whakamutunga e arahina i te Baltic ki Te Tai Rāwhiti Prussia. Te ra i muri mai, ka taiaritia te hoariri i Jelgava, tuku hopea haere mai te ope Soviet ki te moana.

mahi Vilnius

Kia faatiamâraa i te Chernyakhovsky Minsk, a patua te Wehrmacht ope 4, tonoa General Headquarters te arata'iraa hou ia. Na ko nga ope o te 3 Belorussian Front free Vilnius ka whiti i te awa Neman. Hei whakarite i timata te tikanga i runga i Hōngongoi 5, arā, te ra i muri i te whawhai i roto i Minsk.

I roto i Vilnius i taiepa hoia, arā, o te 15,000 hoia. Hitler, i roto i te tikanga ki te pupuri i te whakapaipai o Lithuania timata ki te huihui ki nga nekehanga whakatö mua, karanga te pa "pa whakamutunga". Na, ko te 5 Ope kua i roto i te ra tuatahi o te ino te pahųtanga o hoki 20 kiromita. ko e tuku i a wewete te korero German tika ki te meka i mahi i roto i te wehenga Baltic katoa kino haea i roto i te whawhai o mua. Heoi, i runga i Hōngongoi 5, ngana tonu nga kau Nasí ki aroraa i. haere mai tenei ngana ki tetahi mea. Ko kē te ope Soviet i te ara ki te pa.

9 tau riro ia i te ngā rautaki nui - te teihana me te rererangi. whakarewahia hōia me te tank kauhoe i te huaki whakatakotoria. tukua te whakapaipai o Lithuania i runga i Hōngongoi 13. Ko reira taa'eraa e nga hoia o te mua Belorussian 3 Ua tauturu te hoia Polish o te Army Home. i mua i Taimi nounou te hinganga o te pa, whakaarahia e ia i te reira i te tutu.

Whakamutunga o te mahi

I te wā whakamutunga o te mahi oti te Army Soviet te whakaoranga o Western Peraruhia rohe, kua takoto tata te rohe ki a Poland. Hōngongoi 27 I fakalili'a Białystok. Ko te kupu, i te pae hopea tae nga hoia nga rohe kāwanatanga mua-te pakanga. fakatau'atāina'i August 14 Osovets Army, a nohoia he bridgehead i runga i te awa o Narew.

i runga i nga waho o Brest 26 Hōngongoi ope Soviet. E rua ra i muri mai, i mahue te pa o nga kai-noho Tiamana. I roto i te August he ino i roto i te rāwhiti Poland. hurihia Tiamana ia tata Warsaw. August 29 I whakaputaina te arata'iraa o te Whakahaua Hupirimi, kia rite ki nei i te Army Whero ki te haere i runga i te ārai. I whakatārewatia te ino. mutu te mahi.

Kia oti te mahere kua mahi ana "Bagration", oho te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao ki tona atamira whakamutunga. tino fakatau'atāina'i te Army Soviet Peraruhia a ko inaianei taea ki te tīmata i te ino hou whakaritea i roto i Poland. i tata ki te hinga whakamutunga Germany. Na i roto i Peraruhia mutu te Pakanga nui. kawea Mahere "Bagration" i atu i roto i te wa ka taea poto. āta te Peraruhia haere mai ki a ia, e hoki ana ki te ora harangotengote. i tukua e te whenua i te mahi German, pea neke atu i tetahi atu lepupilika uniana.