MANPADS "Strela": Whakatakotoranga (Photos)

Tautuhi i te "Strela-2" riro te tuatahi pūnaha rangi korero tangata-kawe, ka tangohia ki mahi i roto i te Soviet Union hoki i roto i te 60raa. Te ti'araa fakahokohoko Grau ko 9K32 MANPADS. I roto i te Hau Amui no Marite e mohiotia te whakarōpū rite SA-7 Grail.

"Strela-2": te hītori o te hanga

I roto i 1962, i roto i te pa o Kolomna, whakarewahia reira he kaupapa hōia ngaro. Tona whāinga ko ki te waihanga i tētahi percussive kawe matatini taea kaha o te patu whāinga rangi me te whenua i awhe poto. Ko te otinga pai ki te raruraru i taua wa ko nga MANPADS "Strela-2".

Otiia e kore tāutanga te bapetizoraa whawhai tuatahi i haere me te tūmanakohia. He maha rererangi i muri i wharanga ano hoki ki o ratou airfields. takoto te take i roto i te meka i he iti mo te kino SAM mana taikaha, rawa, ki te puta te hit i roto i te wāhanga hiawero. Ka rite ki te hua, i whakaritea e te reira ki te hanga i te whakamohoatanga ira tāuta. Na i roto i te tau 1968 i whanau ia i te "Strela-2M" (MANPADS codification 9K32M). tukua whakarerekē ngā taumata patu neke i roto i te rangi i te tere ki runga ki te 950 km / h. I oti pai te whakamātautau i runga i te pae whakamātautau Donguz i 1970. Tonu i muri i tangohia e MANPADS, a i muri i te tau torutoru piri nga putanga kaweake atu nga here waewae percussion atu i te 60 whenua.

whakarite

Tenei MANPADS Ko te tikanga tino whai hua o te korero e rua i runga i te hīkoi, me te i roto i te mara. Ko te ahei o te patu topatopa me manureva, ara i altitudes tino iti tāutanga Kawe. Ko tētahi o nga painga matua o MANPADS "Strela-2" Ko tona taimaha āhua marama, me te rahi iti, e taea ai te reira ki te kia ngāwari kawea e te tangata kotahi. Ki tenei tatūnga taea e koe te whakamahi i roto i taua wāhi whakawarenga, rite te repo, ngahere me maunga.

E tikanga 9K32 me tona whakarerekē mo te korero o ngā ope hōia haere mīhini. whakaratohia Parenga e te taupoki o te rōpū, me te ngā kaha o nga ngā taumata hoariri iti-rere, tae atu ki ngā missiles ipu. Tīmata tītere hanga i roto i te whai o te ahanoa ki te rangi e tona shooter rapunga ataata. Pakunga taea i te tūranga tu, i roto i o te waikeri, me te turi i neke waka Armoured.

Nā ki to ratou nekeneke me te whai huatanga o MANPADS kua roa kua whakaaro te nui patu rauhanga-patu whaiaro o te Army Soviet.

"Strela-2": hanganga

ngā te tatūnga taketake, me te whakarerekētia o toru ngā wāhanga o te whirihoranga ōrite: whāhoki missiles 9M32 raupapa, te keu me te supply mana. MANPADS "Strela-2" i whakaaro nga patu anti-rererangi tino tere-whaiaro i roto i te ao. I roto i 1.5 hēkona i muri i te keu puta tākirirangi whakarewatanga. I muri i te hēkona ruarua te tītere patu te ūnga i te tawhiti o te 4 kiromita. I roto i te take o te whaiaro destruct-tiaki ma'iri i muri i 17 s i muri i te tīmatanga. Tautuhi i te "Strela-2M" - MANPADS ki ake mahi i te ärai me te whakangaromanga. I muri whakahou tukanga kua aunoa, ka rere GOS tītere. whakahaerehia tenei nga Carriers anti-rererangi hopu tere neke ahanoa. Kua hoki i pai ake te reira i te kōwhiringa o te rapunga ūnga i pokanoa tūturu. I hanga te ao hou, te whakangaromanga o ngā taea i runga i te akoranga tūtukitanga. I tua atu, ko te wāhi kua pā whakanui seti.

Ko te hōkai matua o te tāutanga hou ko te wera o te GOS, āhuatanga nei i te haruru wātea i te mate. Ngā mihi ki a ia, MANPADS taea ki te hopu i te whāinga noa i roto i nga kapua kapua whakapipi ki runga ki te 3 ngā he. Otiia, i whakaraerae ki te mahanga wera rererangi tonu te matatini.

āhuatanga mahinga

Limited whānui o te whakangaromanga ūnga 3,4 km, ka te whakarerekē ki te pukapuka "M" e āhei ki te patu i ngā taumata i awhe i 800 ki te 4200 m. Ki te whakaaro ki te hiki whati mōrahi o te tītere, takoto te reira i roto i te whānuitanga ake ki 2300 m.

rerekē te tere Free i 430 ki te 500 m / s. vdogon kawea take hinga i roto i i te tere toharite o te 240 m / s, ki - 150 m / s. Rocket kanohi momo 9M32 ranei tona whakarerekē. Ërä - 72 mm. roa anga - 1.44 mita, me te pauna i 9.5 kg. Ko te taimaha o te matatini ko e pā ana ki te 5 kg.

I roto i te faaineineraa no te whakarewanga o mohio Carriers anti-rererangi ka hiahia 10 anake hēkona.

"Strela-3": hītori me te whakaaro

whakaputaina te tauira hou o te MANPADS Soviet "Strela" i roto i te puranga i roto i te 70 waenganui. Kei te mohiotia tāutanga mo tona codification me te whakarōpū 9K34 USA - SA-14 Gremlin. Ko te pūtake mō te whakarerekē i he hou raupapa 9M36 pere, i rite rawa ki motuhake matenga hopu pōkākā, me te wā-modulated karapa te kaha tīwera tōrino. whakarato te reira i ātete ki te taiao, me te RFI.

MANPADS "Strela-3" tere rere rerekē me te tere o te huri mai pere. Ano i roto i te akoranga o te ao hou, o te GOS i whakaurua pūnaha tautauā haruru-tohu. Ko te inaianei taea te kawea te whāinga o te ärai i ara i roto i te tupuhi rangi. Kua whakawhanakehia tēnei meka he tauira hanga ki whakahau kaweake maha. tīmata 9K34 Development i roto i te 70 te wawe ', engari mo te wa roa, e kore kua te tāutanga haere nga whakamātautau katoa. I roto i te Mei 1973, i te pae hopea whakakitea MANPADS ratou taha pai, a i muri i te marama torutoru i whāngai ai.

I roto i te 70 te mutunga ka tomo ia nga kaweake matatini. MANPADS toutou i roto i ngā rahinga nui tukua ki whenua pērā i Angola, Vietnam, El Salvador, Horano, India, Te Tai Tokerau Korea, Iraq, Cuba, Nicaragua, Hiria, Peru, Ripia, UAE, Awherika ki te Tonga. I roto i Europe, ko te tipu i runga i te toenga o Hungary, Germany Te Tai Rāwhiti, Finland, Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia. Ko te whenua anake atu atu i te Soviet Union, i i te raihana mō te patu production, ko Poland.

"Strela-3": hanganga

I roto i te whakaoti i te kōwae kawe ngā: he keu tikanga 9P58 raupapa 9M36 missiles, faka'eke'eké whenua 1RL247 hāngū aronga irirangi me'a 9S13 me R-147.

Ko te kaha a Tūrongo, matua o MANPADS "Strela-3M" me te tauira taketake ko te pere 9M36. Kei te hanga te reira i runga i te kaupapa "rakiraki" ka ko te kohinga o compartments wha herea ia: nekeneke, whawhai, me te matenga urungi. tutuki Mana e tītaka te tītere i te tere o te 20 rpm. / s mo te tahuri i te tohu e toru-ahu ki te pūoko waiariki GOS. Me kï reira e e kei nga papa mana aerodynamic i roto i te kotahi manureva. A, no te tīmata whäkina pene stabilizers, haere mai atu o nga nozzles okana. I runga i te tāutanga hiko he whare poraka, wiki, tūhono plug waea, te rōpū whakapā me te keu. kawea aronga te gyro me ka tukanga te teihana reo irirangi te me'a raraunga.

āhuatanga mahinga

Ko te tauira hou o te matatini e rite ki te putanga o mua anake tohu o te wā teuteu ki pakunga me whaiaro whakangaromanga-, me te te ërä 72th. Hoki te okiokinga, he toru o MANPADS "Strela" āhuatanga pai nui. i heke roa pere ki 1.25 mita, me te taimaha o te 10 kg. I te tahi atu te ringa, kua nui haere te papatipu o te matatini e tika ana ki ngā wāhanga hou ka ko neke atu i te 6 kg.

"Pere 3" Ko te ahei o te patu taonga i te tawhiti o te 500 ki te 4500 mita. rerekē pea teitei rere poutū ake ki 3 km. vdogon tere tiaki rere ko 310 m / s, ki te whakatau whāinga - 230 m / s. Ki te pai ake te tauira hou o te antiaircraft noa ka he whai wāhi ki te patu i te piha haapiiraa rererangi "toa." tata te tūponotanga o whakangaro taua ngā taumata ki tetahi pere e i 33%.

"Strela-10": whakarite

Tenei tāutanga Ko te pūnaha rangi korero pere pūkoro 9K35 codification. tuku te tuhinga ki rite NATO SA-13 Gopher. hangaia tauira 9K35 te ki te kitea, ka e haamou i ngā taumata rangi i altitudes iti. Ko te pūtake o te pānga o te takoto matatini "Pere-3 '. Hoki i 1969, te Komiti Central CPSU , i whakaritea e te reira ki te hanga i tētahi tāutanga crawler pūkoro i roto i whakarara ki te MANPADS tuatahi. "Strela-10", te āhuatanga e hanga i taua i te tino turanga whawhai pūkoro me te maha-mahi o te USSR, kua whakamatauria kahore raruraru, me te rawa hohoro whakawhānui täoro o te Army Soviet.

Ko te pānga o te matatini i hanga 9M37 missiles, e taea o mahi i roto i te 2 hongere arata'iraa aratau.

Tautuhi i te "Strela-10" kua pai whakamahia i roto i ngā mahi i roto i Angola me te Gulf.