Me pēhea te ki te tuhituhi i tētahi tuhinga roa i runga i te whakamātautau mō te tikanga ā-iwi. kaupapa Tuhinga ka tuhituhi i tētahi mahere

Tuhinga roa i runga i te whakamātautau mō te tikanga ā-iwi ko tetahi o nga mahi uaua tino i roto i te whakamātautau. E ai ki ngā tatauranga, te akakoromaki kotahi anake i roto i te ono paetahi ki reira. He titauraa, ka taea e koe waea i 3 ki te 5 ngā. I roto i te tikanga e kore e ki te ngaro ratou, he mea tino nui ki te te faaineine āta mo te wahi tuhituhi o te whakamātautau. whakaaro i muri tatou te tahi mau hi'oraa o tuhinga roa i runga i te hapori, mahere, hape angamaheni ka e mahi ana i tēnei mahi.

paearu whakaū

Tuhinga roa i runga i te whakamātautau mō te tikanga ā-iwi tuhituhi i roto i tetahi o nga tauākī tīpakohia. aroaro te mahi e ono torokī. tuhinga rite i runga i te hapori tata wāhanga. whakaaro te paearu tuatahi, me te tino nui te ki kia K1. whākinga tata te tikanga tauākī tīpakohia. Ki te kahore i whakahua te paetahi te raruraru fai e te kaituhi, kaiarotake e te K1 paearu kore ngā. tuhinga rite i runga i te pūtaiao pāpori i roto i ngā take pērā, kahore atu arotakea. E ai ki ētahi atu paearu takina te aunoa e te kaute o te kore.

Ko te hanganga o te tuhinga roa i runga i te pūtaiao pāpori

Ko te mahi rere e whai ake:

1. Kīanga.
2. Whakamāramatanga o te raruraru i whakaarahia e te kaituhi, tona hāngaitanga.
3. Ko te tikanga o te tauākī tīpakohia.
4. A faaite i to ratou mata o te tirohanga.
5. Mā te tautohetohe i runga i te taumata ariā.
6. Mau mai i te iti rawa kia rua tauira o pāpori mahi, tuhinga / hītori, e haapapu te tika o whakaritenga i hanga.
7. Opaniraa.

Tīpakonga o korukī

Te tāutu i te kaupapa i runga i nei e kia whakamana i runga i te whakamātautau tuhinga roa mō tikanga ā-iwi, kia kia mohio e he reira paetahi:

1. nona te reira i te ariā taketake o te kaupapa.
2. mārama mārama te tikanga o torokī whakamahia.
3. Kia faaite tona whakaaro (tetahi wahi tino ranei whakaae ki te tauākī tīpakohia ki turaki i te reira).
4. mohio ia ngā pūtaiao pāpori, e he tika mo te mātau pūtake ake tūranga i te taumata o te ariā. kia whanau te reira i roto i te ngakau e te ariā i whiriwhiri kore me haere ki tua atu i te kaupapa mō te tuhinga roa i runga i te pūtaiao pāpori. Whakamahia te ngā tika ki a ia.
5. E taea whakau i tona whakaaro ake ki tauira mahi o te ora pāpori, i te tuhinga / hītori ranei.

Te tāutu i te raruraru

kia whakarato te reira i tauira tonu. kia whakaatu tuhinga roa i runga i te pūtaiao pāpori (CSE) te rohe raruraru:

• Philosophy.
• Family.
• Sociology.
• Science Tōrangapū.
• Jurisprudence.
• Economy me pera i runga i.

Raruraru i roto i te āhuatanga taumauri:

• Ko te pā ana i waenganui i mahara, me te mea.
• Whanaketanga me te kaupapa rite te tikanga o te oraraa.
• tukanga hinengaro Mutu.
• Ko te hononga o te taiao, me te hapori.
• taumata ariā me tëtehi o te matauranga pūtaiao.
• taha wairua me te rauemi o te ora pāpori, ratou hononga.
• Culture rite te mahi whakawhanake o te iwi rite te katoa.
• Ko te ngako o te ao, me te pera i runga i.

Tuhinga roa i runga i te pūtaiao pāpori: pāpori

A, no te tuhituhi, ka taea e koe te whakakite i nga raruraru e whai ake nei:

• pakanga Social me te kore ōritenga.
• Ko te ōwehenga o ngā āhuatanga tuakiri, me te whāinga e whakaawe nga tukanga i roto i te oraraa o te taata.
• Ko te uara o ngā uara rauemi, me te wairua.
• Te pupuri i te pūmautanga i roto i te ora tūmatanui.
• Āhuatanga pa.
• iwi Young rite te hapori.
• Ko te āhua pāpori o whakaaro, te matauranga, mahi te tangata.
• Ko te pāhekoheko o te hapori, me te karakia.
• Āhuatanga o te whakawhanaunga o whakatupuranga taitamariki.
• Mua, ōritenga i waenganui i nga tangata me nga wahine.
• Ko te ahunga whakamua o te iwi whānui whakahaere.
• nekeneke pāpori , me te pera i runga i.

hinengaro

Ka rite ki te wahi o te tuhi i te tuhinga roa i runga i te pāpori e taea te tangata te mahi rite te ahanoa matua o te ako. I roto i tenei take heheu raruraru pērā i:

• Pāhekoheko kōrero, me he raruraru solvable.
• āhuarangi hinengaro i roto i te kapa.
• Ko te hononga o te takitahi me te rōpū.
• Tikanga, ngā tūranga, mana o te tangata.
• tuakiri National.
• Ko te uara o te tukanga kōrero.
• Ko te ngako o te pakanga pāpori.
• Taupatupatu i waenganui i ngā kerēme, me kaha o te takitahi.
• Rauemi o te ahunga whakamua pāpori.
• Family.

Ka taea hoki tuhinga roa i runga i te hapori pā mahi motuhake o te pūtaiao i roto i te pātai.

pūtaiao tōrangapū

Hei wāhanga o tenei kaupapa mo te tuhinga roa i runga i ngā take pāpori kia whākina:

• tikanga fakaaoao.
• kaiwhakaari tōrangapū.
• Place me tūranga o te kāwanatanga i roto i te pūnaha.
• taunekeneke tōrangapū Modern.
• tikanga totalitarian.
• hononga i waenganui i tōrangapū, ture me te ao ōhanga.
• State o takenga.
• aratau tōrangapū (i roto i te whakatuwheratanga o ona ariā me ngā āhuatanga).
• State mana arii.
• hapori Civil (mā ngā āhuatanga hanganga whākinga, ariā).
• pūnaha Party.
• nekehanga tōrangapū, ngā rōpū pēhanga.
• Ko te ngako o te tikanga manapori.
• fatongia Mutualé o te takitahi me te āhua.
• pluralism tōrangapū.
• Ko te wehenga o mana rite te parau tumu o te ture.
• ao hou, Political , a na i runga i.

pūnaha ōhanga

Ko tētahi atu pūtaiao noa, kia rite ki nei kia whākina te raruraru i roto i te tuhinga roa i runga i te pūtaiao pāpori - te ōhanga. I roto i tenei take, i whakaarahia pātai pērā i:

• Ko te totohe i waenganui i te limitlessness o ngā hiahia tangata, me te iti rauemi.
• āhuatanga Production me ratou auraa.
• Capital hei rauemi ōhanga.
• Ko te āhua me te mahi o te pūnaha moni.
• whakamahi tōtika o ngā rauemi wā.
• Ko te uara o te wehenga o te mahi.
• Ko te tūranga o te hokohoko i roto i te whanaketanga o te hapori.
• Te kaha me te production poapoa.
• Ko te ngako o whanaunga mākete.
• State ture o te ōhanga, me te pera i runga i.

ako ture

I roto i te anga o te pūtaiao e taea te tautuhi i te maha o ngā take matua, me te ki te whāki i tetahi o ratou i roto i te tuhinga roa i runga i te pūtaiao pāpori:

• Matau rite te regulator o te oraraa o te iwi.
• Ko te āhua me ngā āhuatanga motuhake o te kāwanatanga.
• Ko te hiranga pāpori o te ture.
• Ko te pūnaha tōrangapū, me te tūranga o te kāwanatanga i roto i reira.
• Ōritenga me ngā rerekētanga o te morare, me te ture.
• kāwanatanga toko i te ora: ariā me pūāhua.
• nihilism me tikanga Ture ki te hinga i te reira.
• hapori Civil me te āhua.
• Te ariā, ngā āhuatanga, me te hanganga o te whakarōpūtanga hara.
• ahurea Ture, me te pera i runga i.

Kīanga, clichés

I tua atu ki te whākinga o te raruraru, te hanganga o nga akoranga tuhinga roa pāpori fokotuu he tohutoro ki tona hāngaitanga i roto i te ao hou. Hoki e taea te whakatinana whakatinanatanga whai hua o tenei mahi i roto i a koutou ngā kīanga kuputuhi, clichés: "tenei he hāngai take ki nga tikanga ...

• ao o whanaunga pāpori;
• āhua tautohetia o nga whakaaro me ngā āhuatanga pūtaiao;
• exacerbation o ngā raruraru ao;
• hanga i te ōhanga, mātauranga, me te mōhiohio mara kotahi;
• pārōnaki etaeta i roto i te hapori;
• ahurea kōrero;
• mākete o tenei ra;
• te hiahia ki te tiaki i nga uara ahurea tuku iho o te tuakiri ake o te iwi ".

āhuatanga nui

I roto i te tuhinga roa i runga i te whakamātautau mō te tikanga ā-iwi, me te rite i roto i mau ohipa i tuhituhia i roto i te tahi atu kaupapa kia hoki mai ia wā ki te take i whakaarahia. Ko te tika tenei ki tino whakawhānui i te reira. I tua atu, ka hei whakahua wā o te raruraru i roto i te anga o te kaupapa, ngā tohenga me te ārai i te whakamahinga o ngā kore e pā ana ki te tauākī tīpakohia. Te whakamutunga, i roto i ngā, ko tetahi o te tino noa hape paetahi.

Ko te whakaaro taketake

I roto i tenei wahi o te whakamātautau tuhinga roa mō tikanga ā-iwi kia whakakitea te mauri o te kupu. I te wa ano e kore kia korerotia reira verbatim. Ka taea hoki e koe te whakamahi i te parau, he cliché:

• "Whakaatu i te kaituhi te e te ..."
• "Ko te tikanga o tenei tauākī ko ki ..."
• "E hāngai ana te kaituhi i runga i te ..."

Tautuhi koutou ake tūranga

I roto i te tuhinga roa mō te whakamātautau i roto i ngā akoranga pāpori taea whakaae ki te whakaaro o te kaituhi i roto i te wahi tino ranei. I roto i te take tuatahi, ko te mea e tika ana ki te turaki i te tautohetohe o te, me i reira ko te whakaaro whakateka. tuhituhi hoki e taea te tino whakakahore te tauākī, tautohe ki te kaituhi. Ka taea hoki e koe te whakamahi i te cliché:

• "Whakaae ahau ki whakaaro o te kaituhi e ..."
• "I roto i te wahi, piri ahau ki te wāhi whakahuatia o tirohanga i runga i ... engari ... e kore e taea e ahau whakaae."
• "I roto i toku whakaaro, e āta kitea te kaituhi te pikitia o te hapori hou (te āhuatanga i roto i Russia, tetahi o nga raruraru i roto i te ao nei i teie mahana) ..."
• "Tohe tenei ahau ki rerekē ki tūranga o te kaituhi ko e ..."

tohenga

Me roto i tuhinga roa i runga i te whakamātautau mō te tikanga ā-iwi tika mo te whakaaro whakahuatia o te kaituhituhi. I roto i tenei wahi ko reira e tika ana ki te haamana'o i te ngā matua e pā ana ki te raruraru, te tūranga ariā. kia tautohe kia whakahaeretia i runga i rua ngā taumata:

1. Ariā. I roto i tenei take, kia rite ki te turanga, ka mahi te matauranga kia rite ki pāpori pūtaiao (whakaaro whakaaro / pūkenga, ngā whakamāramatanga, ngā ariā, ngā ariā, te aronga, wā, hononga, me pera i runga i.).
2. Tëtehi. He kia kia rua nga kōwhiringa: te whakamahi i te mau ohipa o tona ora tauira ranei i tuhinga, te ora pāpori, hītori.

I roto i te tukanga whiriwhiri, te meka e mahi rite tohenga mo ratou ake tūranga, me whakahoki koe i te pātai e whai ake nei:

1. He reira tetahi tauira whakau te whakaaro whakahuatia?
2. ahakoa he ōrite ki te tirohanga faaite tuhinga ratou?
3. Ahakoa e taea te whakaatu ai ratou i roto i tetahi atu ara?
4. ahakoa kei te fakalotoi nga meka?

I muri i tenei kaupapa, ko reira taea ki te whakahaere i te hāngaitanga me te tauira ārai ine i te tumu parau.

mutunga

Me whakaoti ia tētahi tuhinga roa. whakarāpopoto i te mutunga o nga whakaaro matua, meatia te tautohe, fakapapau'i te tika lavai ranei o te kupu. kihai i whai ia ki te tuku faahitiraa verbatim, kua meinga nei e te kaupapa o te tuhinga roa. Roto i te hanga ka taea ki te whakamahi i te cliché taua:

• "I roto i te whakarāpopototanga, e hiahia ana ahau ki te mōhio ..."
• "Ko te kupu, ka taea e tatou e faaoti e ..."

rēhitatanga

kia kore tatou e wareware i tuhinga roa - he iti i roto i ngā o te hanganga. Me waiho te reira rerekē kotahitanga pū. I roto i tenei hononga kia hanga e te reira kuputuhi mārama, whakawhitinga arorau whakamahia. Ano, e kore e wareware e pā ana ki te tuhi tika o te ngā. kia te kuputuhi ka wehea ki ngā kōwae, ia o nei tohu te whakaaro motuhake. Koa mau i te raina whero.

Mō ētahi atu pārongo,

Ka taea te whakauru i te tuhinga:

• mōhiohio Poto e pā ana ki te kaituhi o te faahitiraa. Hei tauira, te mōhiohio i ko ia "he pūtaiao tino Russian," "pai-mohiotia mātauranga French", "kaiwhakarewa o te haputanga idealist o" me pera i runga i.
• He tohu o te ara kē ki te whakaoti rapanga.
• Whakaahuatanga o whakaaro rerekē, me te huarahi ki te take.
• He tohu o te rangirua o nga ariā me ngā e whakamahia i roto i te kuputuhi ki te uara tika i roto i nei i tono ratou.

Titauraa Job

kia tohaina he maha o ngā āhuatanga i roto i te kanorau o huarahi tīariari ki hangarau tuhituhi, e me e tutaki:

1. He māramatanga tika o te tikanga o ngā tauākī me ngā raruraru.
2. take kuputuhi e pā ana whakaarahia.
3. Tīpakonga me te whākinga o nga āhuatanga matua i runga i nei tohu te kaituhi mau parau.
4. He whakamāramatanga mārama o ratou ake whakaaro, waiaro ki te raruraru, ki te tūranga faaite i roto i te faahitiraa parau.
5. Tautukunga ki ngā āhuatanga o te whakaaturanga i homai te horopaki pūtaiao.
6. taumata ariā o te substantiation ake whakaaro.
7. Ko te aroaro o meka e whai kiko ana o wheako whaiaro, whanonga pāpori, te ora pāpori.
8. Te arorau i roto i te tautohe.
9. Ko te kore o te kupu, matawaka, taunakitanga, me ētahi atu hapa.
10. Tautukunga ki te paerewa o ngā whakaritenga reo me te momo.

E kore rohe tino i runga i te rōrahi o tuhinga roa e kore e tāuta. Tei te reira i runga i te matatini o te tumu parau, te āhua o te whakaaro, wheako, me te taumata o te faaineineraa o paetahi.

Hapa i te waihanga o te raruraru

Ko te noa tino te kohakore e whai ake nei:

1. Incomprehension me ngoikore ki te tautuhi i te raruraru i roto i te tauākī. I runga i te ringa kotahi, he tika ki te iti matauranga i runga i te tumu parau ki ai te tauākī me te tahi atu tenei - ki te i roto i te whakamātau te whakarite ki te tāutu o ngā take kōrero, te tuhituhi lau i mua mahi ranei.
2. Ngoikore ki te whakatakoto i te raruraru. e pā ana tēnei hapa te nuinga o ki te kupu iti me te kupu tawhē i runga i Tikanga taketake.
3. Ngoikore ki te whakapuaki i te ngako o te faahitiraa. Ko reira e tika ana ki te kore o te māramatanga pōhēhē o te ihirangi o te tauākī ranei me te kore o te hāngai matauranga pūtaiao pāpori.
4. Ko te whakauru o te raruraru o te tūranga o te kaituhi. Tenei hapa puta tika ki te meka e kore e te paetahi kite me e kore e matau ki te rerekētanga i waenganui i a ratou. Ka rite ki ngā raruraru i roto i te tuhinga roa kaiwhakamana te kaupapa i runga i nei tohe te kaituhi. Ia tonu te whanui, me te whānui. I taea faaite i te reira whakaaro rerekē, maha te ritenga rawa. Ko te tikanga o te kupu - he tūranga whaiaro o te kaituhi i runga i te take. Quote - Ko tika tetahi o whakaaro maha tenei.

Tōnounoú i roto i te tatararaa, me te tika o tona tūranga

Ko te kore o ngā tohenga ki te tautoko i te tūranga o te paetahi, e ai ta kuware o ta'etoka'i ranei mo ki a ratou hanganga i te whakaritenga tuhinga roa. hapa toutou whakamahi ariā puta rāhuitanga ore ranei toronga o te tikanga, te whakauru o etahi atu whakamāramatanga. ngā mōhiohio mahi hē tohu te kore ki te tātari i te wheako. E mea pinepine te tauira e kua hoatu i roto i te kuputuhi, ngonge e pā ana ki te raruraru. Ko te kore o te perception tino o ngā mōhiohio whiwhi i te Internet, arata'i te pāpāho ki te whakamahi o ngawari me te hārakiraki taunakitanga rite tika. Ko tētahi atu hape noa ko te tirohanga-iu tetahi i runga i tenei ranei te tahi atu ari pāpori, e tohu ana i te ngoikore ki te tautuhi me te whakatakoto i te hononga take-a-pānga.