Methods Modern i roto i te Biology

Te hanga i tētahi mōhiotanga tika pūnaha kï i runga i ngā meka e taea te whakapumautia ranei, i runga i te anga ke, ki te whakakahore, ko reira te mahi matua o nga pūtaiao. I roto i te koiora rite: ko te raraunga e tonu wero, ka whakaaetia anake ka whai ratou i te haamauraa nui.

Ki te rā, whakaaro tenei ako pūnaha ora katoa. I roto i te tikanga ki te ata titiro ratou whakahaere me ngā mahi, te take, tohatoha, me te whanaketanga me te hononga ki ia atu, me te whāinga o te akoranga me te whiriwhiri o etahi ture, nga tikanga rangahau e whai ake nei whakamahia i roto i te koiora:

1. Tauritenga - taea ki a koe ako mā te whakatairite i te ritenga me ngā rerekētanga i waenganui i rauropi ora me o ratou wahi. Ko te raraunga whiwhi kia taea reira ki te whakakotahi i ngā rōpū o ngā tipu me ngā kararehe. whakamahia tēnei tikanga te ki te waihanga i te ariā pūtau, systematics me ki te whakaū i te ariā o te kukuwhatanga. I tēnei wā, kei te whakamahia te reira i roto i tata katoa ngā wāhanga o tenei pūtaiao.

2. whakaahuatanga Methods i Biology (mātakitaki, tatauranga) - tukua ki a koe te tātari me te whakaahua i te tītohunga e puta i roto i te natura, te whakatairite ratou, i kitea etahi ture, me te haapoto, ite i momo hou, akomanga, me pera i runga i. timata enei tikanga ki te whakamahi noa i roto i te tawhito, engari ki te rā e kore i ngaro to ratou hāngaitanga me e whakamahia whānuitia i roto i te huaota, ethology, te mätai kararehe, a na i runga i. D.

3. Historical - hanga reira taea ki te tāutu i ngā tauira o te mātauranga me te whanaketanga o ngā pūnaha ora, o ratou hanganga me ngā mahi, ki te whakarite ia ratou ki nga meka mohiotia. I whakamahia i tēnei tikanga e Darwin mo te hanganga o tona ariā, ka awhinatia whakaahua ke koiora i te pūtaiao whakaahuatanga ki te whakamārama.

4. whakamātautau tikanga o te rangahau i roto i te koiora:

he) Simulation - taea ki a koe ako i tetahi tukanga ranei tītohunga, me te te aronga o te kukuwhatanga i hanga ano ratou rite te tauira i te tikanga o ngā hangarau me ngā taputapu hou;

b) Whakamātau (wheako) - hanga tāwhaiwhai i roto i te āhuatanga taiao whakahaeretia, e āwhina ki te kitea ngā āhuatanga hohonu huna o ngā ora. whakahaere i tēnei tikanga te ako o tītohu i taratahi, kia taea e koe te whakatutuki i te hua o te anō tukurua o enei taua mau ohipa i roto i te taua tikanga.

kore tikanga whakamātau i roto i te koiora e anake hoki ngā me e tali ki o ratou mau uiraa, engari ano ki te whakatau mehemea whakatakoto i te timatanga o te whakapae ako o te rauemi, me te mo tona whakarerekētanga i roto i te mahi.

I roto i te rau tau rua tekau, e ārahi enei tikanga rangahau i roto i tenei pūtaiao e tika ana ki te putanga o te taputapu hou mō ngā, pērā i, mo te tauira, tomography, irahiko karu, me te pera i runga i.

I tēnei wā, whānui e tikanga matüora whakamahia i roto i te koiora whakamātautau, tātari X-ray, tūrara, me te tikanga o ngā wāhanga ultrathin, nga tikanga ngā o kai, me te tini ke atu.

tikanga whakamātau, ngā ki te huarahi pūnahanaha whänui te kaha hinengaro o te pūtaiao koiora , ka whakatuwheratia rori hou mo te tono o te matauranga i roto i tata katoa ngā wāhanga o te mahi a te tangata.

Enei tikanga o te rangahau i roto i te koiora, e kore e ruha te täoro ki katoa o tikanga o te whiwhi matauranga i roto i te pūtaiao, koia e kore e taea ki te kawe i roto i te rohe tino i waenganui ia ratou. Whakamahia i roto i ngā ki ia atu, kia ratou e taea ki te kitea e ari hou me ngā āhuatanga o ngā pūnaha e noho ana i roto i te wā poto o te wā, me hoki ki te whakatū i te regularities o ratou take, whanaketanga, me te mahi.