Michelangelo: auaha me te haurongo

Michelangelo Buonarroti maha whakaaro te kaitoi tino rongonui o te Italian Renaissance. I roto i ana mahi tino rongonui - te whakapakoko "Rawiri" me "lodi", nga frescoes o te Sistine Chapel.

ariki mua

Ka taea te whakaahuatia poto Michelangelo Buonarroti te auahatanga rite te tītohunga nui i roto i te toi o nga wa katoa - na i aromatawaitia reira i te ora, whakapono tonu ki tenei ra. E rave rahi o ana mahi i roto i te peita, whakairo me te hoahoanga kei roto i te rongonui tino i roto i te ao. Ahakoa nga frescoes i runga i te tuanui o te Sistine Chapel i te Vatican, pea - te mahi tino rongonui o te kaitoi, runga ake katoa, whakaaro ia ia he toi. Haapiiraa e rave rahi momo o toi i roto i tona wa e kore i rerekē. hāngai katoa o ratou i runga i te ahua. mahi Michelangelo tona whakairo ora mapere katoa, me te tahi atu mau huru toi anake i etahi wā. Ko tetahi wahi kaute High Sistine Chapel he whakaata o te aro nui haere utua e te ki te peita i te XX rau., ka wahi te hua o te meka e tokomaha o te ruānuku i mahue oti.

ka te pānga taha o te ora o te rongo Michelangelo whakamārama atu taipitopito o tona ara atu tetahi atu kaitoi o te wā. Ko ia te tuatahi o toi, ko tona haurongo i whakaputaina i mua i tona matenga, ratou ara i rua. Ko te tuatahi ko te pene whakamutunga o te pukapuka o te ora o toi (1550), kaipeita, me te kaihoahoa Dzhordzho Vazari. I whakatapua te reira ki Michelangelo, nei mahi kua aroaro rite te mutunga o te tino o te toi. Ahakoa taua whakamoemiti, kihai i ia tino makona, a ka mea tona kaiāwhina Ascanio Condivi tuhituhi i te pukapuka poto motuhake (1553) Kei te pea e hāngai ana i runga i nga kōrero o te toi. Reira whakaatu mahi ariki a Michelangelo te ara hiahia ia ki te kia kitea ai e te tangata. I muri i te mate Buonarroti Vazari putanga tuarua (1568) retraction whakaputaina. Ahakoa hiahia kaipūtaiao ki te tāpui Condivi whakaahuatanga ora o Vasari, te faufaa o te muri rite te katoa, me ona wahi anō-tuku i roto i te maha o ngā reo i hanga te hua te puna matua o te kōrero e pā ana ki Michelangelo, me ētahi atu tohunga toi Renaissance. hoki a kororia Buonarroti te hopearaa o te faaoraraa i tuhinga rave rahi, tae atu ki ngā rau o reta, tuhinga, me te rotarota. Heoi, ahakoa te nui nui o te rauemi putu i runga i ngā take i tautohetia e mohiotia maha anake ki te wāhi o te tirohanga o Michelangelo.

haurongo poto me mahi

whanau kaipeita, toi, kaihoahoa me te rohi pehe, tetahi o nga toi tino rongonui o te Italian Renaissance i raro i te ingoa Mikelandzhelo Di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni March 6, 1475 i roto i Caprese, Italy. Tona papa, Leonardo Di Buonarotti Simoni, poto i mahi rite te kaiwhakawā i roto i te kainga iti te wahi i puta ia me tana wahine Francheskoy Neri te tuarua o nga tama tokorima, engari hoki ratou ki a Florence te wahi a Michelangelo he kohungahunga tonu. Nā ki te mate i mahue whaea o te tamaiti ki te tiaki o te stonemason utuafare, rite te toi nui i muri tawai e te nēhi waiu whenumi ia he hama, me te whao.

Ko e mo'oni, he iti rawa hiahia i roto i Michelangelo ako. kaipeita auahatanga i roto i te mau hiero e tata ana, me te faahiti te mea ka kite ia i reira, kia rite ki ana ngā kaituhi wawe, nui atu ngā ia. Kura Michelangelo hoa Francesco Granacci, ko wai i ono nga tau pakeke atu ia, whakaurua tona hoa te kaipeita Domenico Ghirlandaio. mohio te papa e kore ko tana tama, hiahia i roto i te mahi pūtea whānau, ka whakaae ki te hoatu i te reira ki te tau o 13, he pia ki te kaipeita Florentine huatau. I reira ka mohio ia ki te tikanga o te fresco.

kari o te Medici

pau Michelangelo he tau i roto i te taiwhanga, ka i ia he faingamālie ahurei. Na roto i te tūtohutanga Ghirlandaio, oho ia ki te whare o te rangatira Florentine Lorenzo te Magnificent, he māngai kaha o te whānau Medici, mo te ako o te whakairo puāwaitanga i tona kari. Ko te wa o te aroha noa hoki Michelangelo Buonarroti. Haurongo me te auahatanga o kaitoi taitamariki i tohua e mōhio ki te whiriwhiri o Florence, he toi pūmanawa Bertoldo Di Dzhovanni, kaitito rongonui, pūtaiao, me humanists o te wā. riro hoki Buonarroti whakaaetanga motuhake ki te titiro i te tinana o te hahi mo te ako o te anatomy, ahakoa i reira he pānga kino i runga i tona hauora.

Ko te huinga o enei mau mana ko te pūtake o te kāhua mōhiotia o Michelangelo: uaua tika me te talena, ngā ki te ataahua tata lyrical. E rua pati-manawa ora taua, "Battle o nga Centaurs" me "Madonna o te Arawhata", whakaatu ki tona taranata ahurei i te tau o 16.

angitu wawe me te mana

Ko te pakanga tōrangapū i muri i te matenga o Lorenzo i akina atu te nehenehe Michelangelo ki rere ki Bologna, i reira tonu ia i tona akoranga. hoki ia ki a Florence i 1495, ka tīmata te mahi toi, tarahu i te kāhua i te masterpieces o onamata puāwaitanga.

He maha ngā putanga o te kōrero tūmomo e pā ana ki te whakairo o Michelangelo "Cupid", e āwenewene pakeke kia rite reira he tawhito onge. Ko tētahi putanga kerēme e hiahia te kaituhi reira ki te whakatutuki i te pānga o te ƒpüata≈ hoki, ka rite ki te tahi atu, huna tona kaihoko toi mahi ki te haere atu rite tawhito.

Cardinal Riario o San Giorgio hokona "Cupid", whakaaro te whakairo ano, a ka ui ana moni hoki ka kitea ia e kua tinihangatia ia. I roto i te mutunga tinihangatia te kaihoko kia maere i te toi o Michelangelo, i tukua e ia te toi ki te pupuri i te moni. ia ara karangatia te Cardinal ki Roma, i reira noho Buonarroti ka mahi noa tona mate.

"Lodi" me "a Rawiri"

I muri noa iho neke ki Roma i roto i 1498 kua whai wāhi tona mahi i tetahi atu faariro i, Jean de Biler Lagrola, karere Rome o French Kingi Charles VIII. Michelangelo "lodi", e whakaatu Meri pupuri i te mate a Ihu i runga i ona turi, ka oti iti iho i te i te tau, a ka whakanohoia i roto i te temepara, me te urupa o Cardinal. Whānui 1.8 m, a tata te teitei taua, ka oho te whakapakoko e rima nga wa tae noa riro te reira tona wāhi hakari i St. Pita o roto i te Vatican.

Tapahia i te wahi kotahi o Carrara whakairo mapere flowability kiko tūranga kaupapa, me te "kaupapa" kiri lodi (te tikanga "pouri" ranei "aroha") tū'ulu i te wehi tuatahi ratou kaimätakitaki. I teie mahana, Ko reira he mahi wehi mīharo. hanga Michelangelo reira ka ko ia tau 25 anake tau.

He kōrero reira e te kaituhi, ka rangona he kōrero e pā ana ki te whakaaro ki te huanga i te mahi ki tetahi atu toi, maia whakairo tona hainatanga i runga i te rīpene i te uma o Meri. Ko anake te mahi o tona pani tona ingoa tenei.

E te wa, ka hoki mai Michelangelo ki Florence, ko ia kua he rongonui. I whakahau ano te toi ki te whakapakoko o Rawiri, i te mea te toi o mua e rua whakamātau ki te mahi, a ka tahuri te wahi e rima-mita o te mapere ki te ahua tino. Ko te kaha o nga tendons, tahanga whakaraerae, te tangata me te kīanga noa itoito ki "a Rawiri" tohu o Florence.

Art me te hoahoanga

Aru e te tahi atu whakahau, tae atu he kaupapa hao o te urupa o Pope Julius II, engari mutu mahi i ka ui Michelangelo i ki te neke i te whakairo ki peita ki te whakapaipai i te tuanui o te Sistine Chapel.

tarekatia te kaupapa te whakaaro o te kaitoi, a tahuri te mahere taketake o te tuhi 12 apotoro ki neke atu i te 300 nga wahi. I muri mai i tino nekehia atu tenei mahi no te mea o te pokepokea ai i roto i te raima, me ka whakahokia. pupuhi Buonarroti nga kaiāwhina katoa, nei whakaaro ia kuare, a oti peita 65-mita tuanui iho, te haamau'araa i haora mutunga e takoto ana i runga i tona hoki, a hae tiaki tona mahi tae noa ki tona otinga Oketopa 31, 1512

Ka taea te whakaahuatia poto hanga toi o Michelangelo e whai ake. Ko te runga-rohe tauira o toi Renaissance tiketike, e ngā tohu Karaitiana, kikite, me te mau parau tumu humanistic, ariki haurangi i roto i tona tamarikitanga tenei. ētahi oraora i runga i te tuanui o te Sistine Chapel hua he pānga takawhīwhiwhi. Ko te whakapakoko tino rongonui ko te hanganga o "te Fakatupú o Arama" e tohu ana te Atua, mo te maihao ki te tangata. artist Roma Raphael, āhua ke tona kāhua i muri i te kitenga o tenei mahi.

takoha haurongo me auaha e ka ake tonu e pā ana ki te whakairo, me te tuhi, e tika ana ki te itoito i te pae tino i roto i te peita o te fare pureraa a Michelangelo i ki tahuri tona whakarongo ki hoahoanga.

ki te mahi i runga i te urupa o Julius II i te tekau tau i muri torutoru tonu te Kaiwhakaako. hangaia ano e ia te fare pureraa o te Medici whare pukapuka, me te Laurentsina, kei te ritenga atu te Basilica o San Lorenzo i Florence, i mahara ki te noho i roto i te whare o te whare pukapuka Medici. E whakaaro ēnei whare ki te waiho i te wāhi koki i roto i te hītori o te hoahoanga. Otiia ko te mahi o te tino kororia whakakarauna o Michelangelo i roto i tenei rohe architect o Basilica o St. Pita i roto i 1546.

conflictual

whakaurua Michelangelo tiu "whakawa Last" i runga i te taiepa tawhiti o te Sistine Chapel i roto i 1541 reo rongo tonu o te tautohe - he nudes i o wahi mo te taua wahi tapu, i hanga waea ki te whakangaro i te nui fresco Renaissance Italian. Ka mea te artist, tomo ana ki whakapakoko hou o hanganga: tino tona fakaanga i te puka o te rewera, me te ia rite St Patoromu kiri.

Ahakoa te kōrero, me te tiaki o nga iwi taonga, me te kaha i roto i Itari, kua whakaratohia e te ngakau anaana me te taranata whānui tonu o hoariri ko te ora me te mahi o te ariki o Michelangelo. Ko ia riri cocky me tutu e maha arahina ki tautohetohe, i roto i te Vol. H. A ona kiritaki. Tenei e kore anake kawea ia raruraru, engari i hanga ano hoki e ia he tikanga o te amuamu - he kaitoi feinga tonu hoki te tino, me te kore i taea e fakangaloku.

I te tahi taime i reira mö o wā, kua mahue tohu i roto i te tokomaha o ana mahi tuhituhi. tuhituhi Michelangelo e ko ia i roto i nui te mamae me te tuhituhi e ia kahore hoa, a kahore e ratou hiahia ki a ia, a e kore i whai ia wa nui ki te kai nui, engari kawe ia hari enei palõpalema.

I roto i tona tamarikitanga, rawekengia Michelangelo hoa ako, ka eke i runga i te ihu, i mate i ahua ke ia mo te ora. No te tau maha, ite e ia he tipu ngenge o tona mahi, i roto i tetahi o ana whiti whakaahuatia e ia te kaha tinana nui, i ia ki te hanga ki te peita i te tuanui o te Sistine Chapel. totohe tōrangapū i roto i tona Florence aroha whakamamaetia hoki ia, ko te nui tino o tona hoariri ko he kaitoi Florentine Leonardo da Vinci, ko wai i 20 tau tana matua.

mahi tuhituhi me te ora tūmataiti

Michelangelo, ko tona mahi i whakahuatia i roto i tona whakairo, peita, me te hoahoanga, whai wāhi i roto i te rotarota i roto i ona tau pakeke.

Kaua rawa e marenatia, i oti rawa Buonarroti ki pouaru karakia, me te pai ko Vittoria Colonna - tonoa neke atu i te 300 o ana whiti me sonnets. Kua whakaratohia ratou auhoaraa tautoko nui ki te mate o Tīwae Michelangelo i 1547 I te 1532-m ariki ka hoa ki te kuao rangatira nui Tommaso de'Kavaleri. tautohetohe tonu tumu kōrero e pā ana ki ranei he takatāpui ratou whanaungatanga ranei ite e ia mana'o metua.

Mate me te taonga tuku

I muri i te ma'i poto, February 18, 1564 - he wiki torutoru noa i mua i tona huritau 89th - mate Michelangelo i tona whare i roto i Roma. oho tinana irāmutu ki Florence, te wahi i wehi ia rite te "papa me ariki o nga toi katoa," a ka tanumia ia i roto i te Basilica di Santa Croce - i reira i whakahau ia ki te toi.

Rerekē toi maha, kua kawea mai te mahi o Michelangelo ia rongo me te taonga i roto i tona ora. I waimarie nui ki te kite i te whakaputanga o rua haurongo o tona Kaituhitanga Dzhordzho Vazari me Ascanio Condivi ano ia. score High Buonarroti pūkenga kua he hītori roa, a ka fenāpasi ki te Italian Renaissance tona ingoa.

Michelangelo āhuatanga o auahatanga

I roto i te rerekē ki te rongo nui o te kaitoi, ratou pānga ataata i runga i te toi i muri kei te āhua iti. e kore e taea te faataa tenei i te kore hiahia ki te tārua i te mahi o Michelangelo noa no te mea o te rongo tona rite tona taranata rite Raphael atu pinepine fa'ifa'itaki. Ko taea e te tetahi, tata rangi momo kīanga tauine Buonarroti, tangohia here. Tauira o te tārua tata oti te torutoru noa. Ko te pūmanawa tino te artist Daniele da Volterra. Tonu, i roto i etahi āhuatanga o te auahatanga i roto i te toi o Michelangelo kitea Pāoa. I roto i te rau tau XVII. i whakaaro ia te pai i roto i te tuhi kikokiko, engari kei te iti te reira whakamoemiti mo nga mea timatanga whānui o tona mahi. whakamahia Mannerists tona kōpeketanga mokowā, me te, notemea hawai ana whakairo "Victory". Te Kaiwhakaako o te rau tau XIX. Ogyust Roden tono pānga poraka mapere oti. Ētahi rangatira o te rau tau XVII. Baroque tārua reira, engari ki te tutakina te faitatau mau. I tua atu, Gian Lorenzo Bernini te whakaaturia pai a Pita Paora Rubens pehea ki te whakamahi i te mahi Mikelandzhelo Buonarroti whakatupuranga heke mai o kaiwhakairo me toi.