Natalia Goncharova - kaitoi haurongo me te whakaahua

Natalia Goncharova - kaipeita waitara, i te mea rawa he Five and Seven wahine toi onge. Tona ora, me te mahi ko te whakaata mārama o te ngā i roto i te whanaketanga o te hapori me te ahurea o te rau tau 20. Ko ona peita inaianei utu te rota o te moni, engari i te wa i whakatoia ia ka whakahē hoki rātou tirohanga ngā o te ao.

Childhood me takenga

whanau Natalia Goncharova i Pipiri 4, 1881 i roto i te kainga o Ladyzhino Tula rohe i roto i te whenua o tona kuia, kihai i nei i matara i Yasnaya Polyana. haere pāpā Natalia ki te āhua o Goncharova, ka haere mai te wahine a Pushkin i, te toi i'oa Natalia Goncharova. mai to ratou puninga i te kaihokohoko Athanasius Abramovich - te kaiwhakarewa o te wheketere rinena i roto i te rohe Kaluga. haere mai kuia a Natalia i te whānau mathematician pai-mohiotia P. Chebyshev.

Ko te papa o te artist Sergei Mikhailovich ko te kaihoahoa, māngai o te Moscow Art Nouveau. Mama Catherine Ilinichna - te tamahine o te palōfesa o te Moscow Theological Academy. Childhood pau ia i runga i te whenua i roto i te kawanatanga, ka kua Hare ake te reira i roto ia i te aroha o te ora tuawhenua. Whakapā ki te iwi toi mahue he tohu i roto i tona perception o te ao, me e ko te mea kōrero toi whakamārama tenei pānga whakapaipai o tona mahi. I ia 10 tau, oho te whānau ki Moscow.

ako

I te taenga i Moscow, Natalya Goncharova, he kaitoi i te heke mai, tomo hākinakina o te wahine, i puta e rua i roto i te 1898 ki te mētara hiriwa. Ahakoa te meka i nga kotiro i te hinaaro undoubted ki te utu, e kore te reira e whakaaro nui i roto i te taitamarikitanga te whai wāhi ki te riro i te toi. I muri i te kura nui, i titiro ia mo ia, tamata ia ki te mahi i roto i te rongoa, tamata ki te haere ki te whare wānanga, engari ko te reira e kore e ki te tiki wāhi. I roto i te 1900, ka noho ia hei nui hiahia i roto i toi, me te tau i muri mai ka tomo te kura Moscow o Painting i te piha haapiiraa o te whakairo S. Volnukhin me Trubetskoy.

i hoatu Ako ki a ia te pai i roto i 1904 riro noa ia he mētara hiriwa iti mo tona mahi, engari hohoro mahue kura. I roto i te 1903 haere ia ki te haerenga pakihi auaha ki Crimea ko Tiraspol, i roaa te tuhi pānui mo te whakaaturanga o te ahuwhenua, me te tuhituhi huahua me peita i roto i te kāhua impressionistic.

Ko te artist Mikhail Larionov korerotia ia e kore ki te ururua wa i runga i whakairo me te peita ki te mahi, "Kia puaki tou kanohi ki o koutou kanohi. E koe te pumanawa hoki te tae, me te hanga i e mahi koe ", - ka mea ia. Hui ki a Larionov taui roa tona ora me whakaaro, ka tīmata ia ki te tuhituhi i te rota, me te kitea i tō kāhua ake.

I roto i te 1904 ka hoki Goncharova ki te kura, engari haere ki te studio ki te peita i Konstantin Korovin. kore kua Sculpture o te kotiro i homai ki runga, a i roto i 1907 riro i tetahi atu mētara. I roto i te 1909, Natalia hopea whakatau ki te mutu ana akoranga, ui te mua o te tahi atu Horizons.

kurupae

Fakataha ki Mihailom Larionovym Natalia Goncharova, artist haurongo te inaianei ake e pā ana ki te toi hou i roto i te tīmatanga o nga 1910s, ka e ia te kaiwhakarewa o nga ngā Five and Seven i roto i te peita - Rayonism. Kua karangatia e te reira mo te hoki ki te takenga mai primordial o toi tawhito. i piri ngā faufaa ki te manawataki o te iwi waiata homai uru ki te mahara o mua o te tangata, me te ara whakaaro toi.

Te tangata, kia rite ki Goncharova ko Larionov, kite te ao rite te huinga o rīpeka kurupae, me te mahi o te kaitoi ki te kawe i tenei whakakitenga ki te awhina o ngā rārangi tae. Wawe mahi i tino kanapa, me te ngangahau Goncharova. Kei te kore anake î te reira i ki te whakaaro Rayonism, engari rapu ano ki te kawe whakaaro hou, e he ka tonu o te ahurea.

haurongo auaha

Mai 1906, Natalia Goncharova, kaitoi, whakaahua o nga mahi e taea te kite i tenei ra i roto i te putumōhio o nga whare taonga tino whaimana i roto i te ao, ka tīmata ki te tuhituhi rawa hakune. He haerenga ki Paris, i reira i faauruhia ia e nga mahi o te Fauves ko Paora Gauguin, akina ia ki te neke atu i Impressionism me te utu ratou whakarongo ki ngā hou. tamata artist addicting tona Primitivism ( "Horoi kānawehi," 1910), Cubism ( "Portrait o Mikhail Larionov," 1913), he oti'a.

He nui i muri, ka mea fakaangá e kore i tukua taua-panga ki a ia te whakawhanake i te kaha tona taranata o. I roto i tenei take, he mea tino hua me te kaha. Mai i 1908 ki te 1911 homai ia mau haapiiraa tūmataiti i roto i te taiwhanga toi o te kaipeita Mashkov. hoki ano Natalia ki te toi whakapaipai: te tuhi tauira hoki pepapātū, friezes kumea kāinga. whai wāhi te kaitoi i roto i te mahi o nga Futurists Society, i roto i te mahi tahi ki a V. Khlebnikov me Kruchenykh.

I te tau 1913 ka mawehe atu Goncharova i te kiriata whakamātau "Lady i te Futurists Cabaret №13», e kore te te rīpene tiaki. I runga i te scene tahanga anake ora riro Goncharova i te ringa o M. Larionov. I roto i te 1914 tae mai ano ia Paris i te aniraa o Sergei Diaghilev. I roto i te 1915, fehangahangai te toi e ki fifi nui o te aukatinga. I roto i te 1916 riro ia he tuku ki te hanga i te peita o te hahi i Bessarabia, engari i haukotia enei mahere e te whawhai.

mahi Exhibition

I roto i te 1910s kitea nui Goncharova, whai wāhi i roto i ngā mahi o ngā rōpū toi. I roto i te 1911 ia, me ki M. Larionov whakahaere te whakaaturanga "Jack o Taimana" i roto i te 1912 - "Tail o Kaihe" me "Salon o te Golden huruhuru," "World Art o", "pukupuku", "№4". Ko te kaitoi wahi o te kamupene Munich "Blue Rider". kua kaha tautoko Goncharov maha mahi me kaupapa o taua wa. Fakataha ki nga Futurists, haere ia e pā ana ki Petersburg ki te mata peita, wheturangitia i ratou kiriata. Tata ki te katoa o enei ngā, tae atu ki ngā whakaaturanga, mutu i roto i te tutukitanga, me te karanga i te pirihimana.

I roto i te 1914 puritia reira he whakaaturanga takitahi nui o mahi e Goncharova, te wahi i faaite 762 peita. Otiia e kore e kua ano i reira, kahore tutukitanga: mawehe atu te mahi i runga i utu o te moepuku, me te hara reka tūmatanui.

Ko te take mo te taua heipūtanga i roto i te mau ohipa Five and Seven maha ko Natalia Goncharova, te artist, te whakaaturanga o i tū te whakamutunga i roto i Russia i 1915. I muri i taua Russia kore kite i ngā whakaaturanga whaiaro o tenei toi taketake.

Aukatinga me here

I roto i te tau 1910 i te whakaaturanga o te Society o Free rerehua Natalia Goncharova, kua toutou kua mohio te kaitoi, ko tona mahi i roto i te mua rite moepuku, whakaatu reira e rave rahi pikitia o nga wahine tahanga i roto i te wairua o itiiti nei Venus. mauheretia Works i runga i utu o ponokalafí, i he rerekē hoki taua wā o Tsarist Russia, e kore e ngohengohe ki te aukatinga i reira mahi o toi. I muri i tētahi atu take i tuhituhi papa o Natalia he pukapuka tuwhera ki te nūpepa, i roto i nei tawai fakaangá e kore ratou i kite i te wairua ora o te auahatanga i roto i nga mahi o tona tamahine.

I roto i te tau 1912, i te whakaaturanga rongonui "Tail o Kaihe" Natalia Goncharova, kua te toi ki avangardistki ingoa whakapumautia, hora te huringa o 4 peita "Haapii Evanelia." Kua meinga tenei mahi riri i roto i ona censors whakapakoko mama o te hunga tapu. I roto i te 1914, he whakaaturanga takitahi o te toi kua tangohia 22 mahi, ka ara haere nga censors ki marae, te whakapanga o kohukohu mo nga temepara Goncharov. I muri ka tu ia maha toi o te wa: Tolstoy, M. Dobuzhinsky, N. Wrangel. i riro mihi ki te rōia take M. Khodasevich, nāna i tātari ngā whakakorea. amuamu Goncharov ki hoa e kore i ite ia e te peia ai te whakapono pono i roto i te Atua.

Goncharova - pikitia

Natalia Goncharova - he kaitoi e dabbled i faaiteraa rerekē. Tona auhoaraa ki te Futurists arahina ia ki te tāpui whakairoiro. I roto i te 1912, hangaia ia pukapuka Kruchenykh me Khlebnikov "Mirskontsa», «te Game i te reinga." I te tau 1913 - te mahi Kruchenykh "Vzorval", "moke. Pustynnitsy "me te kohinga" Haroko pukapuka nga kaiwhakawa №2 »K. Bolshakov. Goncharova tetahi o nga ngā kaitā pukapuka tuatahi i roto i Europe ki te whakamahi i te tikanga o te mahi whakapiripiri. I roto i etahi o ana mahi, tu te reira i runga i te taahiraa rite ki nga tangata o pukapuka.

Hei tauira, te pukapuka Kruchenykh "rua Poems," whakairi te whitu-page 14 tānga e i roto i te puka taua rite te whakaaro o te mahi, me te kupu. I muri mai, kua ki waho hanga Goncharova whakaahua mō "Takoto" mo te kaiwhakaputa German mō "Te Tale o Tsar Saltan".

hekenga

I te tau 1915 Goncharova Natalya Sergeevna (artist Five and Seven), tahi ka haere ki hoa tona ora M. Larionov ki Paris, ki te mahi ki te whare tapere Sergeya Dyagileva. Hoki i Russia tatatia ia te revolution. noho ratou i roto i te Quarter Latin o Paris, i reira tae mai te kirīmi o te hekenga Russian.

I roto i France, piri o pararopi te rua, te porohita o bohemians rohe. whakaritea iwi Young pōro aroha mō kaipeita tauhou. Te whare Goncharova, ko Larionov he manuhiri auau Nikolai Gumilyov, i muri, Marina Tsvetaeva, e riro hoa tata ki Nataley Sergeevnoy.

mahi Goncharova rawa pakeke i roto i te whakarau, engari he taua pahūtanga auaha i roto i te-doma 10, i roto i Russia reira te kore ite. Ahakoa ona huringa "pikake", "Magnolia", "puawai aihere taratara" korero o ia rite te toi matu'otu'a, me te puta.

mahi whare tapere

Natalia Goncharova - he kaitoi, he whare tapere hoki i ko he nominoraa tūturu. Kua mahi ia ki a Alexander Tairov i te Chamber Theatre i te hanga o "Veer". Tenei mahi te tino maiohatia V. Meyerhold. Ano i roto i te-doma 10, ka tīmata ia ki te mahi ki a Diaghilev, hanga atu i roto i tona tauākī, "Seasons Russian". I roto i Paris, mahi ia ki te hītekiteki "Te Firebird", "Spain", "Ko te Wedding." tonu Goncharov ki te mahi ki te whare matakitaki i muri i te matenga o te impresario noa.

mahi pai

e kore e pera maha toi wahine i reira, te angitu atu. Ko tētahi o ēnei kotiro ahurei ko Natalia Goncharova. mahue Artist "Rewharewha Spanish" e kua hokona neke atu i te 6 miriona pauna, kua he tukufakaholo taonga. Ko tona mahi i roto i te maha taonga nui, me ngā kohinga tūmataiti huri noa te ao. I roto i te mahi pai ngā: "kānawehi Horoi", "aporo kato", he raupapa o "rewharewha Spanish", "Phoenix Bird", "Forest", "manureva i runga i te tereina." Natalia Goncharova - artist wahine ki te peita tino utu. Tona mahi "Te kato Apples" (1909) i hokona i te makete no te tata £ 5 miriona.

ora whaiaro

Natalia Goncharova - artist, nei whaiaro ora kei te tu'atiraa rahi ki te auaha. Ahakoa i roto i te kāreti tutaki ia Mihailom Larionovym, me ia, ka herea te whakarau o te ora. ko ratou hoa rite-whakaaro, hoa tino tata. Ahakoa ka i roto i Paris Larionov Alexandra pai noho tahi Tomilina tokorua. I roto i te 1955, i marenatia ratou, engari tonu te hononga ki Tomilina i Larionov. noho katoa i roto i te whare kotahi, engari i runga i patunga rerekē. Na kotahi i roto i te mata i runga i te arawhata ki te hoholo, wahine rawakore o tona aroha, panaia Natalia S. Tomilina. whakatere tenei heke mate Goncharova. Oketopa 17, 1962 i mahue te ao kua he toi Russian tino. tanumia ratou ia i roto i te urupā Paris o Ivry.