Niobium pēne: production, āhuatanga, tono

Niobium - huānga matū ki tau ngota 41. I kitea te reira i te tuatahi i roto i te rau tau wawe XIX, engari i hiki tona āhukahuka mō te 150 tau. Anake i roto i te 1950, he pūtau tūmataiti i roto i te ripanga pūmotu kua tohaina te whakatau o te International Union o Applied me ngota Chemistry Mā te. Hei whakamahi i te taputapu rite ki te huānga i roto i te ahumahi, kei te hanga i te reira i te Unuhia o Niobium. I tahaki, e kore e riro te reira i tetahi mea ahurei. whakakitea te reira i ona pūmanawa tonu ka hanga alloys, rongoā ranei te tahi atu tito.

tangohanga o te Niobium

Niobium ore haamaitairaa - he tukanga rawa matatini, me te utu. Ko tenei no te mea e kore e te ihirangi roto i tetahi tone o toka nui 24 karamu. I tua atu, ko te huānga e tika ana ki ngā āhuatanga matū rite e tino uaua ki te wehewehe i te tantalum.

I raro i ngā āhuatanga māori kitea anake i roto i te puka noa - i roto i te toka ngiha me tioata, me te he wāhanga o te tahi mau kohuke - pyrochlore loparite, columbite-tantalite. tangohia tēnei huānga o te pūnaha wā kei te nuinga i te pūhui reira. Kei Niobium hanga o e toru ngā wāhanga:

1. toka tūpāpaku ki te ihirangi tiketike o rauemi Niobium.
2. Manga o Niobium tantalum, te whakarite pūhui parakore.
3. Whakaora me te purenga o te whakarewa me ona alloys i poke.

Ko te pūtake o te huringa production ake nui-pāmahana tukanga waiariki te whakamahi i konumohe, konutai waro ranei. te muru i tonu paura Niobium rite mā te pēhi i, sintering o paura "poraka" i roto i te vacuo, me te pewa rewa irahiko-kurupae.

āhuatanga whai hua

whakamahia Nā ki ona āhuatanga kōhure o te Niobium te i roto i te ahumahi maha. Hei whakahaere i te whakatinanatanga o te huānga taketake i roto i te tātai hanganga, i hanga ngā hua hurihia, tae atu Niobium Unuhia. Ko te whakauru matua kaha i roto i tenei take, ko te Niobium carbide, e kua he pānga painga i runga i nga āhuatanga pūkaha o rauemi. Hoki doping ia ton o parahi titau 200 anake karamu o Niobium. Ko te koranu hua he pakeke tiketike, me te te kōngohe, friability iti, pai waikura resistance. Ko te huānga whakamahia mō ngā konganuku tiaki, me te kore-ferrous, ngā konumohe, i kawakore me waikawa.

Ko te whakamahi o te Niobium

Kei te nuinga Niobium Unuhia whakamahia rite te dopant ki te waihanga alloys e rua i konganuku ferrous me ferrous. Ko te tono matua he tākirirangi Niobium, reo irirangi me te engineering hiko, matū taputapu hanga, aeronautical me te engineering astronautical.

Taupānga o konganuku Niobium parakore ranei e tika ana ki te maha o ona āhuatanga painga. I roto ia ratou ngā refractoriness, ātete ki te waikura, kaha ki te whakapiki ake i te ātete wera o ngā rauemi, me ratou kaha conductive.

kounga ahurei, e kua he Unuhia Niobium ko ngā kore taunekeneke kanoirite o konukarihi i te pāmahana o runga ki te 1100 degrees. Ano, te ngota he iti ira tāwhaiwhai. tenei katoa hanga e tika ana i te reira mo te tiaki o reactors karihi, me te ipu mo te rokiroki o wahie iraruke pau.

Production o Niobium

O Niobium e te nuinga hua whakarewa ki te whakatau i nga hiahia o te ahumahi karihi. He membrane rite i reira mo konukarihi me te konuwhiro teplovyvodyaschih huānga, ngā mō te rokiroki konganuku wai, ururua iraruke. Products hanga o Niobium whakamahia ki te hanga i rorohiko ohipa taimaha. Ki reira, whakaiti i te parenga o te conductors, reira whiwhi cryotrons - huānga rorohiko sverhvysokoprovodyaschie. I roto i Austria, hiriwa me te Niobium koranu e whakamahia ana mō te minting o moni kaikohi.