Pirke whakamātautau: pānui, aro mātai

Kohi - Ko te tino he mate noa hopuhopu e taea te kitea i tata ki hea i roto i te ao. Ka taea e te mate puta tika ki ingestion o ngā huakita Bacillus o Koch ranei. Ko te mate te nuinga o tuku e rūrūtia mahino, me te he tohu taimaha, ara:

• whanoke;
• mare mākū;
• maremare ake toto;
• ngoikore;
• kirika;
• mate taimaha tinana whakaahuareka;
• sweats te po.

Tuberculin e contraindicated i roto i te aroaro o tini o nga mate kiri, mate pāwera, huangō, haurangi, ngā mate hopuhopu. Kaua e hanga i te tauira, me mo te kotahi marama i muri i injecting immunoglobulin he tauira koiora ranei.

Tātarihia te TB

He marama - te pūtake o te mana, pakaru nei i te mate kohi. mamae tino onge i roto i tenei mate tahi atu whekau. Pea ki te tātari kohi whakamahi fluoroscopy, CT (computed Tomography), X-ray, whakamātautau kiri tuberculin (Pirquet anga matou) me ētahi atu momo o whakamātautau taiwhanga. I roto i te tikanga ki te tātari werohanga kawea i roto i kotahi te tau o te mate.

He aha te mea te tauhohenga ki te whakamātau papaki?

Ko tētahi o nga tikanga o te rangahau ārai i runga i ngā tamariki TB ko Pirke tauira. Ka taea e tēnei whakamātau immunological whakaatu mehemea i reira ko te rauropi tipu, ara i roto i nga tīmatanga o te TB mate. Tauhohenga ki te ahua o te tauhohenga tuberculin ka karanga Pirke, a tautuhi reira susceptibility o te tinana ki te Mycobacterium kohi. Kei te hanga hoki Pirke tauira me ko kē te manawanui he rōpū tau pakeke rite te tātaritanga mana i roto i te aromātai i te whai huatanga o te maimoatanga.

hanganga o te tauira

Ko te hanganga o te tauira e tomo te tuberculin - he wāhanga motuhake i te huna bacilli Koch, mea whakaaro hoki i roto i 1890 i te tākuta Tiamana Robert Koch. Ko tenei tākuta ko te I TE taua mate rite kohi. whakamahia Hood timatanga i roto i te 1907. I te tīmatanga, lubricates reira te kiri, me te mataara i te tauhohe, me muri timata te tuberculin ki tamata ki kia whakahaerea subcutaneously.

I teie mahana Pirke tauira nei hanganga ngā he ranunga o patua mycobacteria ahurea kīa o momo tangata me Bovine, i reira te mea he rota o te iwi o ngā rōpū pakeke rerekē. I tua atu i te taonga matua hohe - tauira Pirquet tuberculin ngā taua matū atu:

• tai o Phosphate otinga moka ;
• konutai pūhaumāota.

Kia pehea te e tupu tenei?

Ko te parau tumu o te mahi o te tauira e hāngai ana i runga i tuberculin nei hanganga, ko te tono waihakihaki o te tarukino. Ko te kiri o te kikowhiti pokohiwi ranei pai wharahanga waikawa carbolic anake, no te mea taonga e hāngai ana waipiro-mahue i runga i te pūmua kiri, i te mea houhou mo te tātari te viivii ore. Te vahi i hanga i roto i te kiri te whakamahi i hohonu patiatiaraa e kore neke atu i te 5 mm o. kia Me te manawanui ki te tatari ki runga ki te 5 meneti, horomia ra ano te te otinga, me te toenga ata horoia ki te tauera pepa. I muri i te tukanga, whakahaere te aroturuki manawanui kei hoki 48 haora, ka tātarihia hoki māngai tauhohenga.

Ko te mutunga o te tuberculin i wahi wahanga panga o mumura motuhake (papule) pōreareatanga nei e te haaputuputuraa o T-lymphocytes. Ko reira he haepapa mō te TB te mate i enei pūtau toto. Ka taea e te kiri te huri i te tae me te kiato roto i te papules. whakamahia tēnei tikanga tātaritanga kua uaua no te mea o tona iti ihirangi mōhiohio, me te iti te kakama tātaritanga. kihai tūtohutia i muri i te tamataraa, me i mua i hanga nga hua:

• waiwai tauwāhi i reira tangohia te tauira i;
• horoia papule ngā taero hinu ranei;
• papule hiritia te raima;
• köwae roimata ranei.

hua

I te toharite, ka he whakamātautau Pirke, kawea aro mātai o te hua kei te roto i muri i 2-3 ra, ie 48-72 haora. I te wahi i reira nga rapirapi, i reira ko tetahi aronga o te ritenga hanga. whanganga e tākuta ana wāhi. Kua whakarōpūtia nga hua na ka he tauira Pirquet:

• te auau kitea mo te taupū Mita papules iti (i runga i toharite ake ki te 5 mm);
• ahua 3 mm tohu te akiaki o te hua anga matou anō-werohanga me re-whakaongaonga;
• ki te kitea papule kopikopiko i roto i te rahi i 4 ki te 10 mm, he mea pea e mate ki te mate kohi te tangata ranei i roto i te rōpū mōrea (arā noho pūmau i roto i te whakapā ki te tangata i pangia);
• Ki te he āhuatanga i te 10 ki te 15 mm ranei mariao kitea i runga i te pae o te werohanga pokapū ritenga, fokotu'u mai tenei tohu te tūponotanga nui o te mate kohi mate.

tamataraa puta

He pai ake, me te hua tono waihakihaki mā te maha o ngā rapirapi tenei momo o te ako. I roto i te rerekē ki te putanga tuku iho o te ako, mākahia te tauira te ki te whakatau i te uara tātaritanga pārōnaki i roto i te tukanga whakatau i te āhua o te mate pāwera ki tuberculin. whakamana kiri whakamātautau e te tono ki te tuberculin kiri ki te 100%, 25%, 5%, me te 1% kukū. kawea faaineineraa o te kiri i roto i roto i te ara ano rite te pupuri Pirke tauira tuku iho. E tono ana te vahi tino i roto i te tikanga, me i te wa taua i reira e ngā pipette tohua. Hoki ia manawanui whakamahi rauemi horomata anake. I muri i te ahua o te "pukapuka ma" ka taea e koe te tango i te toenga o te tuberculin. Kei te ana tēnei momo o te tātaritanga tino maha kawea atu i roto i te tikanga ki te whakatau i te tōtika o te maimoatanga o te mate kohi.

Kua mākahia te hua tauira

puta kiri whakamātau Grinchara Karpilovskaya me te aromātai i muri i 48-72 haora i muri i te tukanga. Te wehe taua tauhohenga ki ngā nohanga o tuberculin:

• tauhohenga anergic (kahore tauhohenga i roto i te tauira);
• tauhohenga nonspecific (ka taea anake mau he whero iti i roto i te tauira ki te 100% kukū o te otinga) ;
• tauhohenga normergicheskaya (whakautu i kitea ai āhua o te rauropi ki te tuberculin me te whakautu ki te tauira ki te 5%, me te 1% otinga o kore-tīari);
• tauhohenga hyperergic (āhuatanga te hua e te whakautu ki ngā momo katoa o ngā tauira, te teitei te kukū o te otinga tuberculin, te nui te whakautu);
• equalizing te momo tauhohenga (hanga tauira katoa i te taua papules, tae kiri, me te rahi o te aronga o te mumura);
• tauhohenga ihoa (i te kukū teitei i roto i te tauira o te tuberculin kite tauhohenga atu korerotia).

Ko te kupu, te uiui matou he tikanga o te tātaritanga rite Pirke tauira. Hua kore te korero i te reira e pā ana ki te localization o te mate i roto i te tinana, ranei i runga i te kaha o te tangata ki te whakapoke iwi hauora. Ia whakaatu anake tauhohe ki te kaihoko fakatupu o te mate kohi. Pirke tauira (Mantoux whakamātautau whakaaro te whakahauanga mō te tamaiti - tona kē).