Princess Tenisheva Mariya Klavdievna: haurongo kaitiaki, whakaahua

noblewoman Russian Tenisheva Mariya Klavdievna, biography ka e kia whakaahuatia i roto i tenei tuhinga, kakahu ingoa kotiro Pyatkovskaya. Ko ia he rongonui tūmatanui ahua, kaiako me te philanthropist. Kei te mohiotia ano te reira rite te natura auaha, toi i tohu me te tango toi. whakaturia Tenisheva Maria Klavdievna he studio toi o Petersburg, tao'a tahito Russian whare taonga i roto i te pa o Smolensk, te kura o Drawing (ano i roto i te St. Petersburg), Bezhitsk kura umanga, me te awheawhe toi-ahumahi i roto i Talashkino whenua, i no ki a ia.

Tenisheva Maria Klavdievna: bilayer poto Graphene

O te akoranga, ka tīmata te kōrero e pā ana ki te ora o te tangata ki te rā tangohia o tona whanautanga. Kia aroha mai, kua tiaki hītori mōhiohio e pā ana ki rite nei tau i whanau i te toi pūmanawa heke mai, no te mea ko reira poriro, ahakoa te noblewoman whakapaipai. e kore e kore e kotahi i tenei ra mohio ki ta te ingoa o tona papa ake. I muri i te faaipoiporaa, ka tango ia ingoa tana tahu o ka ka mohiotia rite Tenisheva Maria Klavdievna. tohua April 20, engari te tau kei te āhua i waenganui i 1865-1867 - rā o whanau o ia. E te ara, i reira he nounou e taea tona papa kia te Hiha Alexander II o Russia. Te nuinga pea, ko reira hoki o tenei na nui kāpehu, i roto i te kōrero ngaro o tona whanau.

tamarikitanga pouri

Ka moe a tona whaea Maria Alexandrovna Karauria, ka whanau Stefanovich Pyatkovskogo tona ingoa. pāpā Tuarua iti Masha ko MP Dizen papamuri - he tangata nui rawa hoki nona e rave rahi whare i roto i St Petersburg me Moscow. kihai i Mother tono ki tona tamahine ki here me te tiaki, a ka i te kotiro ki te mau tonu i runga i kaitiaki kia rite kore ki te marietia tona riri, ka rite ki te hua o te mea i taea e whai whiu nui, me te ara whiu. tupu ia kikokore-kiri, ka katia, i taea tukino i te reira i te whatu kotahi. I tua atu, kua roa puritia e ia he mauahara, a kihai i taea e muru. Heoi, ko te tino kaha-mea tohe ki a ia ahua, motuhake, me te kaha ia. moe ia o te ora rerekē, te ritenga o taua i a ia i roto i te whare o tona metua hoovai tane.

hanganga

Tae noa 1869 ako te heke mai Princess Mariya Klavdievna Tenisheva i te kāinga i raro i te kanohi mataara o te kaiwhakaako French. Heoi, i muri i te ako e pā ana ki te 'kura, te wahi mahi i runga i ngā kōtiro' hou whakatuwheratia kotiro tuatahi o Russia hōtaka mātauranga, ngā kura toa, faaoti ia ki te tango i te whakamātautau me te whakauru. Kaiwhakatū o te hākinakina ko M. Speshnyov. i ngāwari taitamariki Masha ako, a reira hohoro ka tetahi o nga tauira tuatahi o te kura.

faaipoiporaa tuatahi

I roto i te 1876, ka moea e Maria. ka tana tane he rōia R. Nikolaev. He tau i muri mai i ia he tamahine, Maria Rafailovna - heke mai Baroness von der Osten-Sacken. Heoi, ko poto-ora te marena, me te hohoro hinga motu. Kia i roto i tona haukiri, "Tenisheva Mariya Klavdievna: ongo o toku ora," tuhituhi ia, e ko te take mo te whakarere te incompatibility o ratou natura ki tana tane.

Paris

I 4 tau te kotiro iti, mahue Maria Klavdievna te whare, mau ki a ia he tamahine. haere ia ki Paris, i reira ka ia wāhi i roto i te waiata kura waiata M. Marchesi. Na, ka titiro Masha hoki pononga mateaki Lisa, ko wai e noho ki a ratou mo te ora. Hohoro Paris mō Maria Klavdievny Tenisheva riro pa rawa, i reira mana'o ia rite te ika i roto i te wai. Here reira tata katoa, me te mārama. arata'i ia he ora fakamāmaní, tutaki ki te tangata auaha. I te kura waiata tutaki ia Rubinstein, Charles Gounod. Ko tōna ngā o teití Kei te tipu haere i nga ra. I roto i ona hoa, ko ano hoki Ivan Turgenev. Artist Makovsky hari ano e kua tangohia e ia i roto i tona porohita o hoa Tenisheva Maria Klavdievna. He whakaahua o ia, tuhituhia ana e ia i raro i te mana'o tuatahi i ia ki runga ki a ia.

Ko te hui tuatahi ki Talashkino

E rua tau i muri i noho i roto i te pane a French, hoki te Tiuka heke mai ki a Russia, a ka tono tangata ki te whenua ki tona hoa kōhungahunga Kitty. I roto i te Talashkino rawa nui, ahakoa i te meka i reira he mea faahiahia ia. pai ia te tangata whenua āhua, pukepuke, ngahere me mara. I muri i te okiokinga poto, ia, me tona hoa ka tono tangata ano ki a Paris, no te mea e hiahiatia ana ia ki te whakaoti i aku akoranga i roto i te kura waiata. I roto i te whakapaipai French timata ratou ki takitahi whai wāhi i roto i te hītori toi, tirohia te momo o whare taonga, ara, me te pera i runga i. D. I roto i te Louvre Tenisheva Maria Klavdievna tutaki ki Gilbert me tīmata te toi ki te tango ia ia mau haapiiraa tuhi. I roto i tenei wā, tīmata ana ia ki te tiki wāhi i roto i enamels.

Ko te timatanga o ngā mahi pāpori

I roto i te 1887, hou tae i roto i Talashkino, whakatuwheratia kaumeá he kura mō kaiahuwhenua tamariki. faaoti ratou e kore anake ki te whakaako ia ratou ki te pānui i ka tuhituhi, engari ano ki te tāpiri ki te mahi toi, me te hoatu ki a ratou i te whai wāhi ki te angitu i roto i te ora. Tenisheva ko te konohi pono, a ka hiahia ia ki te whai wāhi te hopoia ki te te pai o to ratou whenua. Pea ko reira i roto i tona toto korerotia karaunatia tona papa?

Te rapu ano

He tau i muri mai, a Meri Klavdievny Tenisheva herea mohio ki Konstantin Stanislavsky. whakatau ia ki te tamata tona ringa i te whare tapere, me te arena. He takoha tupu, e haamata te reira ki te hanga i te ahunga whakamua, me homai he kaiwhakahaere nui ia te whai wāhi ki te whakamatautau ia hei kaitapere wahine i roto i te hanga tapere o "Baloven" i runga i te atamira o "Pararaiha". Heoi, kua te toi te ringa o runga, a ka haere tonu te reira i ona akomanga i roto i te peita wai N. Golitsin, a ka tomo te kura o Baron Stieglitz i ngā akomanga tuhi. Tītaka i roto i ngā porowhita toi, tutaki ia he kuao kaipeita I. E. Repinym, a muri ki Aleksandrom Benua, i kawea tona teina artist Albert.

faaipoiporaa tuarua

I roto i te 1892 tangata marenatia ano ia, me te inaianei haere ki te ora tiketike rite te Princess Mariya Klavdievna Tenisheva. Philanthropist, kaipakihi, pūtaiao, me te tika te tangata nui-ngakau, tautoko Vyacheslav kaupapa katoa o tona wahine iti. Ia hohoro whakaturia te kura rongonui Tenishev i St Petersburg. Te faaipoiporaa ki te tangata o taua whati tiketike hoatu ia maha painga me kua whakatuwheratia enei whai wāhitanga, e kore i moe ia. Heoi, e kore e ia te whakamahi i ratou mo te te pai whaiaro me te whanaketanga mo te painga o nga mahi kāinga. Reira ta ano e te Mariya Klavdievna Tenisheva - philanthropist i roto i te tikanga truest o te kupu.

Life i roto i Bezhitsa

no tana tane Bryansk relsoprokatny tipu, kei nei i roto i Bezhitsa. Haere mai ki konei, ki tona wahi, haamata Maria Klavdievna ki ngā i roto i ngā mahi mātauranga. O te akoranga, ko te reira te tino nui i āwhina tenei tana tane. Te kore whakapaipai kihai i taea i mahia e ia katokatohia hapu. I tua atu, ko ia he tangata whakaaro nui rawa faaturahia i roto i ngā porowhita mātauranga, a ko ia tohutohu rawa āwhina. VN riro Tenishev āhukahuka ao hei sociologist mātauranga me te Pēhi, kaituhi o pepa pūtaiao. Otiia i roto i Russia, ko ia i raro i titiro ngaro i nga mana, i koera ana whakaaro herekore, me te pato'iraa ki te kaupapa here o te kāwanatanga, ki nei wā ia ngā i roto i te porohita kuiti o ahu whakamua. Na, i tana wahine, i mohio tetahi mea e pā ana ki tōrangapū, ua e hiahiatia ia ki te whakawhanake i te mau taleni o te iwi i tera taha o ratou tikanga ki te kōkiri me te whakapuaki ano i te ao. Kei te haere tonu tona whare ki te toi rawakore, kaiwhakaari me kaiwaiata, i roto i te kupu, iwi o toi. Heoi, tenei rangatira amuamu katoa, ia i taea e kore aro ki faaiteraa o "o Bohemia i", i kore rite ia antiques, a kihai ia i mohio me pehea ki te whakapau moni ki runga ki te hoko o ngā toi mo te kohinga whaiaro. Heoi, i reira i te tahi mea e piri e rua enei taua iwi rerekē - he aroha o te waiata, me te fakamaama. Tenishev maitai takaro ahau te hero, a ko hoa ki maha kaiwaiata rongonui.

Taunga ki Tchaikovsky

I roto i te 1892, ka tutaki whakawhetai ki Vyacheslav Konstantinovich, Tenisheva Maria Klavdievna ki nui Tchaikovsky. Kia i roto i to ratou whare ki runga ki te po des Anglais i totohu Petersburg whakaritea tokorua rangatira te ahiahi i roto i te honore o te kaitito, ko te rangatira faaoti ia ki te mahi i romances a Tchaikovsky hoki ia. Na ka hari ki tona waiata te kaiwhakatangitangi nui, a huakina ana ia ki te haere tahi. Koinei pai pai te ahiahi, me te kaitito kihai i hiahia ki te waiho, ai te ara te mutunga rawa mo te whakatakanga i te Opera "Iolanta".

Tenisheva Maria Klavdievna: Talashkino, huringa

Catherine czetwertyński whānau ko te rangatira o te whenua. Ia koa whakaae ki te hoko i te reira ki tana tahu ki a ia hoa, Prince Tenishevo, me e, i roto i tahuri, i hanga te wahine o te mea homai kingi ki te rōpū rā whānau. Heoi, riro Kitty whakaaetanga ki te haea hoki te ora, a noho i runga i te whenua. Mai taua ra Talashkino ke tua atu āhukahuka. Here whakaturia nga mahi o nga wahine te hanga o te hinu e popo nei, hoki e hopoi mai taputapu tiketike-mutunga i ki waho. Tenei wa, whakaatu ana te rangatira ki a ratou ano, me ētahi atu e kore e taea e waiho he o Bohemia i, auaha, me te aroha, engari ano hoki he kaipakihi nui anake. E kawemai hua katoa i wheketere i roto i te pane Russian rua - Moscow ko St. Petersburg, me te i roto i Paris. Huri noa i te whenua tīmata whare rahi. Whānui hanga he kōtuhi, he mira korohū, nohoanga kararehe, ngā awheawhe, tae atu i te hanga o te taputapu ahuwhenua. Tae i te mahi kaimahi Talashkino timata ki te hanga i to ratou iho mau fare. te wa katoa pau Tenisheva Maria Klavdievna i te whenua, i kawea mai e ia mo ia i Paris motokā, a peia e pā ana ki taua mea i runga i tona taonga. Na i konei tahuri Khotyleva tēpara, e ngā o 50 hoiho. kawea hoki hoiho ki te wai i roto i te wai wera. Na kua karangatia tutu'a i Ingarangi. I muri mai, e tata ana te pāmu momo hanga arena mō racing hoiho me e noho ana.

roha o pupuri

Tenisheva Mariya Klavdievna, tona hapu anake haere wā ki te Talashkino, kua kitea ia i te mahi hou. ka anga ia hoko i nga kainga tata, me pāmu. kura Nō i, hanga he whare. I maoro timata te kura i roto i Flenovo ki te korero i te rohe katoa. Mai i te wā wa ki maturuturu iho ia i roto i Petersburg. Here, i roto i to ratou ake whare, i whakaturia e ia he kura tuhi. haere mai matou ki konei ki te ako, taitamariki iwi pūmanawa e hiahia ana ki te tomo i te Academy of Fine Arts. I roto i te ngā ākonga ko M. Dobuzhinsky, I. Ya. Bilibin, Z. Serebryakov S. V. Chehonin tama Repina Yury, A. Pogossky, M. Chambers, Bilibin et al. School i te tono o te rangatira i rere Ilya Repin.

haamo'araa

hoa Iskusstovedy, nei patronized wawe i roto i tona mahi, a ki nei i patua e ia ki runga he auhoaraa ia, ka anga ki te fakatapui ia mahi. Ko te kupu, tuhituhi te kaitito A. S. Arensky tuhipoka mō te romance "Lily o te raorao", me nga kupu ki a ratou tito P. I. Chaykovsky. Ko te artist Aleksandr Benua tuku ona ratonga ki te rangatira i roto i te systematization Tenishev kohinga o tuhi me peita. Ia e kumea hoki te rota o pikitia ki ngā whakaaro Talashkino whenua. 1896 I motuhake mō te whānau Tenishevs. I te whakaaturanga katoa-Russian ngā te wheketere Bryansk me Bezhitskaya kura umanga puritia e te Piriniha me Princess. i whakawhiwhia ratou te teitei o te mauruuru kingi.

Kia ano, Paris

No mea pehea e kore Maria Klavdievna rite Russia, Heoi, ko ïa Paris te pa te wahi ongo'i ia tino whakamarie. Na inaianei, i muri i te whati roa, he mea hoki i roto i tona pa tino. Here ano faaho'i te reira i runga i ona akoranga, a tomo ia te Academy Julien. I roto i te B. piha tamau tonu te reira i ana akoranga i roto i te peita me te tuhi. Here tutaki ia L. Bakst, i roto i te pouri, ka āwhina ia ia. I tua atu, hokona ia te nuinga o te mahi whakairoiro o te toi. Na ano i roto i te kōpiro oaoa pāhoro Russian, me tona kura tuhi timata ki te whakapae i roto i te whakahaere o ngā fakatahataha. No te mea o tenei i waenganui ia me te kaiwhakahaere o te kura, Repin, tahuri te pakanga i roto i, Heoi, Repin, e kore e hiahia ki te ngaro i te kura, aro tenei take ki nga mana. I roto i te taua tau, tuwhera tetahi kura tuhi i roto i Smolensk. Kōhanga mō te studio auaha he kāinga E .K. Czetwertyński te utuafare, me te pane e whakaritea e tetahi o nga akonga o Repin A. Smoking.

collectables Exhibition

1897 i roto i te St Petersburg whakatuwheratia whakaaturanga i reira faaite manuhiri ki te marae peita me tuhinga i te kohinga o Marii Tenishevoy. Mō te korero o te whiriwhiri St Petersburg. A whakahonore reira ona whakarongo Tretyakov ia. E tuku ki te hoko i te torutoru pikitia te rangatira i, engari kahore ia, whakamārama tona hiahia kore ki te ngaro i te tapatahi o te kohinga. E te ara, i roto i te mutunga, tuku reira he kohinga o te Russian Museum, i hohoro ki te whakakitenga mai. Na ka mea ia e taea e anake tango ratou pikitia o toi Russian. I te wa ano, e tango Prince VN Tenishev te whakarite kāwanatanga rite te Komihana-General me upoko o te tari Russian i te Ao Exhibition i Paris. Na tana wahine, tahi ki te kaiwhakaruruhau me te matenga o te St Petersburg hītekiteki tira o Sergeem Dyagilevym - i roto i Finland, mo te whakahaere o te whakaaturanga toi tahi.

Ko te moheni "World Art o"

I te timatanga o te rau tau 20, Maria Tenisheva me Sergey Mamontov te hanga i tētahi moheni ahurea hou - "Te Ao Art o". Ko reira ki tenei wā ko te hoho'a o te Princess, tuhituhia e Serov ka rongoa i roto i te Smolensk Museum. I roto i te mahi i runga i te moheni tutaki ia ki te kaitango whakaahua tino o tona wa I.Borschevskim. A timata ratou ki eke i runga i nga pa Russian tawhito me ngā whakaahua o wae rohe mo te moheni.

toi i tohu

I muri i te tahi mau wa i muri te hanganga o te makasini, hoki ia ki tona riri tawhito - tohu toi, me te whakau ana te kura toi motuhake i roto i Smolensk. E tīmata ana rangatira e whai wāhi i roto i reira ki te utu ake te hahi hanga i te utu o te whānau Tenishevs. I hanga pereki wheketere mo e rite te pai.

atu mahi

Neke atu i te nga tau i muri torutoru reira kua hanga he tokomaha Tenisheva mo te whanaketanga o te tikanga Russian, he rave rahi katoa. ngā whakaaturanga whakatuwheratia, taonga, i hoatu kōnohete, a nui atu. I roto i Moscow toa "Spring" i hanga, i hokona hua hangaia i roto i ngā awheawhe Talashkino. Whare Tenisheva i Talashkino tonu ki tonu o rongonui. Here mai ara ia Sergei Diaghilev. Ka rite ki te putanga o te revolution 1905 katia e Talashkino toa, he kore moni te "Art Ao o" makasini te rangatira i, a ia, rawa, katia te. Maria Klavdievna, tango tona kohinga utu nui, ka tono tangata ki a Paris, ka whakaritea he whakaaturanga. Noho i roto i te pane a French, tonu te reira ki te whai wāhi i roto i te korahirahi toi. I roto i te 1907, ka hoki ia ki a Russia, ako ia e i whakawhiwhia ia te taitara o te tangata hōnore o Smolensk. I te tau 1912 i whakahonoretia Tenishev Museum i te haerenga ki te Hiha o katoa Russia Nicholas II.

World tuatahi

I roto i te 1914, ki te timatanga o te whawhai, whakatuwheratia i roto i te hōhipera hōia Smolensk. e kore e taea e Maria Klvdievna noho tau'a ore, a mahi ia i roto i taua mea, a ka kaimahi reira rite te waka ki te kawe i te werohia. Kei te haere mai Nicholas II ki te hōhipera ki te oha a utu hoia. whakamoemiti Emperor Princess ïa a haamauruuru ia mo tona mahi ki te kāinga. I roto i te 1915-1916. Tenisheva Kei te mahi ia i runga i tona tuhinga, me te tiakina i te reira. Ko te huarahi Oketopa Revolution. Te ora ahurea i roto i te whenua paari a Tenisheva ite whārua nui. Na ka ko reira Oketopa, a ka whakatata ia he rōpū o te iwi i ki rere ki te tonga o te whenua, te wahi whiti ai ki France, i reira noho ia tae noa ki 1928.

hopearaa

I roto i tona whare iti awhiawhi timata ki te haere ki tokomaha o nga toi rongonui. I roto i tenei wā, ka timata ia ki te mahi i runga i tona pukapuka, i whakahuatia i te timatanga o tenei tuhinga. mate Princess Tenisheva i 1928 i roto i te whakarau, engari tona pa tino. Ia e kore i kite ano tona aroha Mother Russia. ka karanga tona whare Parisian Talashkino iti.