Rationalism Descartes

Rationalism (ōwehenga) - e whakaata ana i te whakaaro taumauri, mohio ki te whakaaro (whakaaro) rite te puna o te matauranga katoa, me tona paearu o te pono. ka rongonui tenei whakaako i roto i te rau tau 17. Fundamentals o ngā whakapono taumauri, kawea iho Rene Dekart. I roto i tona "Discourse i runga i Tikanga", "Ngaahi Fakakaukau ki te kaupapa hou", me te tahi atu mau papa'iraa kitea he raruraru o te tika o te matauranga i roto i te mara o te matauranga me ona āhuatanga ā-. Ko reira taiea te nuinga i te rationalism Rene Dekarta ariā o Bacon solidity mahi.

Tuatahi, te whakawhanake i te whakaaro, tohe ia e reira he ture e wha o hinengaro: te feaa raupapa, mana, tātari me te taunakitanga. whakapumautia Rationalism Descartes te tino o te aroaro o te whakaaro mohio, ka mea te tangata tohe: "whakaaro ahau, koia ahau i te tīariari." Ko te tohu o tenei ariā, i roto i tona whakaaro, takoto i roto i te tika o te whakaaro, whakawhirinaki ki a ia. I te wa ano te Atua ko te tiai o intelligibility o te ao i hanga, me te te objectivity o te matauranga tangata.

tohenga Pūnaha hua e Descartes whakamārama te whakaaro o te oraraa o ngā whakaaro tumu rite tetahi o nga tikanga matua o te rationalism. E ako mea hanga noa i roto i te awaawa i te hinengaro. Ko te kupu e tito mea katoa o rua matū, motuhake o ia atu - te tinana me te wairua. I roto i tenei take, te āhua o te tinana - e kore neke atu i te huarahi. Whakapakari i te mana o te take i runga i te kare, me nga hiahia tinana he haere mai parau tumu ki te kitea ngā tātai o te whanonga morare i roto i ngā āhuatanga. Ko te ariā e mauria e te rationalism o Descartes tenei.

Me kï hoki uara nui o tenei ao mo te whanaketanga o te kaupapa, me te pūtaiao. Rationalism Descartes kihai wāhi anake ki te hanganga o ngā ture hou, me te mau parau tumu, engari i hanga ano hoki te pūtake o te tahi mau pekanga pūtaiao, i roto i ngā āhuahanga analytic, pāngarau.

Dualism waiwai whakaaro, whakaaetia ki te hanga tikanga rua tāuke o te whakaako. whakaratohia Rationalism Descartes he whakamārama o te pūrere o te ao, te whakaatu i te reira i roto i te whakapakoko waitara me ataata te wā kotahi. pūrere i roto i te ao Poiete te taea o wehewehe reira (te whakamahi i te tātari) ki wāhanga e e arorau pā ana ki ia atu, me te tika whakaahuatia pāngarau. huna tenei te anga huarahi o te tukanga o te mathematization o pūtaiao taiao.

Ko te tangata kouma te tangata i te ngakau deductive me te pūmanawa, ka taea e te whakatutuki te matauranga pono. tikanga Deductive anake taea aua whakapae e e kitea mo te mārama, poto te whakaaro - e kore e meinga te pono o tona feaa. I tua atu, kawea i roto i te anga o tenei tikanga i roto i pohewa ki o nga raruraru uaua o te hanga tūmataiti ake tana whakawhitinga wā i te mohiotia ki te unknown me te kï me keri, ki kore pakaru i roto i te whakamātautau whakaaetia te hononga.

I roto i nga ra o Descartes piri faufaa nui. Pūtaiao, Heoi, i kitea rite te uara teitei, me te taea o tona tono mahi i roto i te whakatutuki i ngā hiahia tangata atu tangata o te matauranga whakaarahia ona tukanga whakaaro.

I raro i te mana o te mau haapiiraa o Descartes, kī Benedikt Spinoza rationalism, te whakamahi i te tikanga āhuahanga. Ana whakaaro, kitea ia i roto i tona mahi "Ethics". I roto i tenei mahi, ka tīmata ia wāhanga ki te whakamāramatanga mārama, me te ohie o te ariā. aru ana tēnei e te axiom, te whakapae ki te taunakitanga. I roto i te mutunga, rite whakatakotoria i roto i tautohe taumauri.

tāutuhia Spinoza toru ngā taumata o te hinengaro. Ko te tuatahi - te teitei - mahara ki taa te pono karu kitea tika whakaaro. whakaratohia te taumata tuarua te mo te hinengaro e whakaaroaro, Me kahore tohu. A toru, te taumata o raro, e hāngai ana i runga i te perception tairongo o te ao.