Tawhiti ki Marama

Ko wai e kore e titiro ahiahi mārama nehenehe roa o te hoa mure ore o te whenua - he marama fakamisiteli, me te ātaahua? Mai i te tawhiti titiro reira maeneene, me te tata ma, engari te mea e ia tino ko, he aha tawhiti ki te marama? tohu te reira i te amiorangi whenua māori, e kua he āhua porohita me te diameter o 3480 km. Ki te huihui koe ki te awhina o te karu, ka taea e koe te kite i te kanohi ia hipoki katoa ki te kohatu. Kua whakamatauria Scientists e te marama ko tino ngaro te kōhauhau, a ko te kupu waho tetahi ora. Whakapae o te take mai o te marama tino he rota, engari mo te otinga ahurei, kua kore ano te haere mai pūtaiao. Ko taea e te āta paku whakatuwhera te taunakitanga kohia te arai o te muna.

Ko te tawhiti ki te marama, tatau i waenganui i o ratou pokapū he 384.399 kiromita 0,00257 ranei AU. Ki te whakarite tatou i te reira ki te diameter o to tatou paraneta, te ara ki te pee'utari e 30 diameters whenua. Mea faahiahia, i roto i te rerekē ki te āmionga o te whenua, te ohuraa o te marama porotītaha, na te tawhiti ki te Marama ia wā taui tona uara.

I roto i te rau tau 2 BC i runga i tenei taonga o te ao i mohio kua pūtaiao Hipparchus. i taea e ki te tātai i te tawhiti toharite ki te marama, uara hāngai tata nāianei ia. Ia te tuatahi tatau e he reira rite ki te 30 diameters whenua. Ko tētahi atu kaiputaiao, Aristarh Samossky, i roto i ana i tuhituhi ai, "I runga i nga magnitudes me tawhiti o te Sun me te Marama" ko tonu i roto i te III. tamata BC ki te tātai i te tawhiti i waenganui i te tinana tiretiera. ka mau ia rite te pūtake te meka i te marama ko te āhua whakatau tata ki porohita, a tiaho reira te marama kitea i te ra. whakapono ia, ina ko te marama i roto i te tetahi wāhanga me titiro hawhe-kōpae, hanga ana e ia he āhua āhuahanga i roto i te puka o te tapatoru ki te koki matau. Ko, kāore, i hanga te kaipūtaiao he hapa i roto i te tātai o te 20 nga wa mai i reira e taea ki te whakatau rite ina ko te marama i te tihi o te koki matau.

takoto teie mahana tawhiti ki te marama e maha ngā tikanga rite tika rite taea. tikanga mohiotia o tapatorutia o rua nga ngā tino tawhiti i runga i te whenua. hāngai ana tētahi atu tikanga kei runga i te whakamahi o te taiaho takoto i roto i te meka e te wa i whanganga ano o te tohu taiaho tonoa ki te marama, a ka te hua hoki. Ko te ngako o te reira ko e ki runga ki te marama, e whakamahia ana pūtaiao he whakaata kokonga rawa tāuta. tonoa e te tohu taiaho te i mata o te whenua ki te reflector, te kupu ïa whakaturia tona wa te tuku. Ka tono tangata a hoki ana te marama kitea o te marama mo etahi wa ki te whātata. Ka tatau te wa tangohia i roto i nei kua haere atu te kurupae i te whenua, me te marama, ka hoki hoki, ki te whakatau i te tawhiti i te pūtake iraruke ki te reflector.

Hei tauira, i roto i te āmionga tata-whenua i te tawhiti ki te marama ko te 363.104 km, a ka tango ia koutou, kaua ranei i te päoka, he reira rite ki te 405.696 km. Ka rite ki te hua, ka taea e te tawhiti rerekē e tata 12%.

Whenua ko Marama kahore e tohu i te tinana, a reira ki te whakatau i te tawhiti poto i waenganui i a ratou mahi i te tātai e whai ake nei: tawhiti i te perigee tango te moni o te radii e he rite ki te 6378, me te 1738 km. Ko te hua whiwhi ko te tawhiti iti rawa e hiahiatia i waenganui i nga ngā o te mata o te marama, me te whenua, e te mea rite ki te 354.988 km.

Ki te haere tatou i runga i waewae ki te tawhiti rite ki te tawhiti i te whenua ki te marama, e haere ana i te tere o te 5 km / haora kahore hoki e mutu, e hinga ratou i te reira i muri i anake 9 tau. Flying i runga i te waka rererangi i te tere o te 800 km / e kia poto h, e tukua ai ki a tatou te haere ki te marama i roto i te 20 ra.

I roto i te vairaa mau, ki te hinga te tawhiti ki te marama, astronauts American i runga i te waka ātea "Apollo". Ko ratou te iwi tuatahi e kua haere i runga i te marama, me i reira ko tetahi hui nui i runga i Hōngongoi 20, 1969. Ki te rave i te reira, e hiahiatia ana e ratou 3 ra. Ko te ara tere - ko ki rere ki te tere o te marama, i te mea 300 mano km / s i. Tenei marama ka waiho noaa i roto i te marama 1.25 hēkona.