Te Hau-ā-uru Russia: whakaahuatanga, meka me hītori ngā. History - Western me Eastern Russia

I roto i te Anotau, Russia Western ngā te rohe wahi e ki Hungary, Poland ko Lithuania. Mai He maha ngā rangatiratanga te timatanga o te wehewehenga tōrangapū i roto i te rohe, ngangautanga ko ia atu mo te ārahi.

Wāhanga o Kievan Rus '

I mua i te putanga o te kāwanatanga Russian tawhito kotahi i runga i te rohe o Western Russia noho uniana iwi o Eastern Silaví: Dregovichi, drevlyans, Volhynians, Ulichi ko White Croats. I roto i ngā rau tau IX-X. i piri ratou ki Kiev. I oti tēnei tukanga i roto i te rangatiratanga Vladimira Svyatoslavicha (980-1015).

Te Hau-ā-uru Russia i roto i te raki te taha te iwi Paratiki: Lithuania, Prussia ko Zhmud. Enei tangata o te rohe Baltic ki te hokohoko ki te Silaví honi me te amipere. Hoki te ia e kore ratou i tū te ati ki Russia. Ko reira nui kaha hoa uru - te Basileia Polish. i iriiria nga iwi Slavic rite ki te ritenga Roma. Ko te rerekētanga i waenganui i Katolika ko Siu kua tetahi o nga take o te mānukanuka i waenganui Russia me Poland. I roto i 981 Vladimir te Sun Whero kua whakaaturia whawhai i runga i Prince Mieszko ahau, a riro te pera-ka karanga whenua o Cherven, i ko te pa matua o mua.

I roto i te uru ki te tonga mutu Russia te steppes, i nga whare ki te iwi mohoao Turkic-korero. Tuatahi i reira ko nga Pechenegs. I roto i te rau tau X ki te whakakapi i te Polovtsy. E rite i waenganui ia ratou i taua ratou whakaritea steppe e rua ngā haerenga auau ki Russia, tahi e pahua me tutu ki civilians.

Ko te wā o te wehewehenga tōrangapū

I muri i te matenga o Yaroslava Mudrogo i 1054 kotahi āhua Russian Old i wehea ki te maha nga rangatiratanga. Kua tenei tukanga kua āta. I roto i etahi o nga rangatira Kievan, pērā i te Vladimir Monomakh, riro katoa ano te whenua. Heoi, i te pae hopea wehea totohe me te tūranga matua ure Russia. I roto i te rau tau XI ko te rangatiratanga matua i roto i te uru Russia Volyn me tona whakapaipai i roto i te pa o Vladimir-Volyn.

Rostislav whare

Here heke whare pūmau i Rostislav Vladimirovich - te mokopuna Yaroslava Mudrogo o te raina matua. Takahi, te māngai o te uri noa i tika ture ki Kiev, engari i roto i te "whaea o nga pa Russian" toka atu Rurik. I te tuatahi i noho i te tamariki i te marae o Rostislav Jaropolk Izyaslavich - kawana Kiev. I roto i te 1084 Rurik Volodar cornflowers a whana i roto o te Piriniha Vladimir, a mo te wa e nohoia te rohe katoa.

I te pae hopea ka mau Rostislavichi Volyn i muri Lyubech Congress i 1097 me te muri pakanga kaiākiri. I te wa ano ratou āhukahuka tōrangapū ki ētahi atu pa ririki i roto i te rohe (motu i Vladimir me Przemysł) - Terebovlya me Dorogobuzh. Mokopuna Rostislav Vladimir Volodarevich i 1140 hanumi ratou, ka hanga te rangatiratanga hou me tona whakapaipai i roto i Galicia. Kua tupu taonga ona tangata i runga i te hokohoko te tote me ona hoa tata. Ko strikingly rerekē i te mātotoru-rawhiti raki te wahi noho nga Silaví i roto i te uru raau e tata ana nga iwi Finnish Western Russia.

Jaroslav Osmomysl

A, no te te tama a Vladimir Yaroslav Osmomysl (kingi 1153-1187 gg.) Rangatiratanga Galician ite te tau koura. Katoa i roto i tona kingitanga tamata ia ki te tu atu i te inarā o Kiev me tona haumi ki Vladimir-Volyn. mutu tenei pakanga i roto i te angitu. I roto i te 1168, i raro i te ārahitanga o te whakakotahitanga o nga rangatira Andreya Bogolyubskogo horo Kiev, a tukua ana taonga, i muri nei e kore te pa ora ake. heke tōna auraa tōrangapū, ko Galich, i runga i te anga ke, ko te pokapū o Western Russia.

arahina Jaroslav he kaupapa here ke kaha, tomo ki hononga, me te whawhai ki a Hungary me Poland. Heoi, ka timata te totohe ki te mate i runga i Osmomysl Galicia. Tana tama, me te mono, Vladimir Yaroslavich whakaae te aoniu o te Rostov Prince Vsevolod te Nest Big. takatakahi ia ki te pato'iraa Boyar, a i te mutunga peia atu o ratou ake pa. I roto i tona wahi i huaina ko Volyn Prince Mstislavovich Roma, mau mai i tahi nga wahi e rua i roto i te rangatiratanga kaha centralized.

Association o Galicia me Volyn

Mstislavovich Roma - pērā rangatira Galich o mua - ko te uri Vladimira Monomaha. E ai ki tona whaea, ko ia he whanaunga o te whare te faatere Polish. Ehara i te mea maere e te tamaiti i kawe mai i roto i Krakow.

I muri i te matenga o Vladimir Yaroslavich Roma haere mai ki a Galich, tahi ki te ope Polish, i homai nei e ia e te kingi - tona hoa. tupu tenei i roto i te 1199. whakaaro ana tēnei rā ko te ra o te hanganga o te rangatiratanga Galicia-Volyn kotahi. History o Western Russia tenei wā ko te i whiria, ngā o te kaupapa here Slavic wharekarakia.

rua riro Mstislavovich Roma Kiev, engari kihai i whiwhi tona rangatira, a hoatu i runga i te torona o te iwi pono rohe nei i kitea ratou i roto i te poluvassalnoy ki runga ki a ia rānei. Ko te kaiaka nui o te kawana Galician ko te whakahaere o te raupapa o pakanga ki te Polovtsian, e pā e rua Russia Western me Eastern. E whawhai ana ki nga iwi mohoao, haere Roma ki te awhina o ona teina katoa i te whare Rurik. He ariā i hopukina, ko e i roto i 1204, i muri i te hinga o Constantinople ki a ia rere whakaraua Emperor Alexios III Angelos.

Fighting hoki tona papa Raniera kainga

mate Mstislavovich Roma i roto i te 1205 i muri i te aituā hopu. Tana tama a Raniera i tika he tamaiti hou. ka mau boyars Galician painga o tenei, ia hau ia o te torona. I roto i tona ora, whawhai Raniera ki te whakakeke kāhui, rangatira Russian me noho tata hauauru mo te tika ki te hoki ki te kainga o tona papa. Ko te wā kanapa tonu ki katoa o ngā. Ko reira i roto i te kingitanga o Daniel Romanovich tae Western Rus tona te pai ōhanga me te tōrangapū.

ko pou te mana rangatira o te piha haapiiraa faehau, me noho tāone, e tautoko te rangatira o te faatupu hau. I roto i nga tau o te rongo mau, me te te pai, i āwhina Raniera te tupu o taumaihi hou me ngā pokapū hokohoko, ki te kukume Enterprising kaihokohoko me kaimahi mohio. A, no te mea i hanga ki ko Lviv Hill.

Ko te tau koura o Western Russia

Ki runga ki e taiohinga, i roto i te 1215 ko te tamaiti te Piriniha o Volyn. riro tenei kainga, me tona matua matua. I roto i te 1238, ia te mutunga hoki te rangatiratanga o Galich, me te marama torutoru riro Kiev. Ko te tipu o mana hou haukotia te whakaekenga Mongol. Hoki i roto i 1223 te taitamariki Raniera i roto i te hanganga o te rangatira whakakotahitanga Slavic whai wāhi i roto i te pakanga o te Kalka. Na ka tū nga Mongols huaki tamataraa steppe Polovtsian. Hinga nga ope i whakauru, mutu ratou, engari hoki i roto i te mutunga o 30-doma haere mai. I te tuatahi, i pahuatia te Russia Te Tai Tokerau-Eastern. Na ka haere mai te tahuri o te kainga o Raniera. Heoi, e tika ana ki te meka e whai nga Mongols mārika i poistrepali tona ope, i taea ki te ape i taua whakangaromanga nui i roto i te poka wai o Oka me Klyazma ia.

tamata a Raniera ki te whawhai ki te riri Mongolian mā te tomo ki hononga ki te whenua Katorika. A, no te mahi ngātahi reira Galician Rus ko Western Europe, hokohokona ana ia atu. Tumanako ki te āwhina i, ara whakaae a Raniera ki te farii i te taitara kingi i Pope, me i 1254 ka te kingi o Russia.

Ko tona kaha i runga i par ki te kaha Poland me Hungary. I te wa ka tukua e te Russia Te Tai Tokerau-Te Hau-ā-uru i te Crusaders, me te raki-rawhiti o te Mongols, whakahaere a Raniera ki te pupuri i te rangimarie i roto i o ratou taonga. mate ia i roto i 1264, mahue he tukufakaholo nui ki to ratou uri.

Te heke me te mate o te motuhake

i taea ki te mau tonu motuhake tōrangapū i te Te Hau-ā-uru tama me mokopuna o Raniera. wehea whenua Galich me Volyn i waenganui o Poland ko Lithuania, i tangohia e mo te rangatiratanga Russian mua i te mau faaipoiporaa dynastic, a i raro i te take o te tiaki i nga Mongols. I roto i te 1303 ake archdiocese, i te mea tika kaimahi ki te Patereareha o Constantinople i whakapumautia ai i roto i te rohe.

Ko te whawhai ki a Russia runga i ona hoa uru ina e wehea Poland me Lithuania i waenganui Galicia-Volyn kainga tupu. tupu tenei i roto i te 1392. Maoro, haina nga iwi e rua i te uniana me te hanga i te kotahi Rzeczpospolita. Ko te wā "Russia Western" Kua āta riro tawhito.