"Voivod" (tākirirangi): āhuatanga o te pere ballistic fakavaha'akonitinēnití

"Voivod" - he tākirirangi, e pā ana ki te missiles fakavaha'akonitinēnití taimaha, me kua whakawhanakehia, kua i roto i Ukraine. hangaia te matatini i ki te patu i rerekē momo o ngā taumata, e kua tiakina e te tikanga hou o te pere korero, a kua tono ratou i raro i tetahi whawhai.

ope pere - te mana o Russia

Rautaki pere Forces he motuhake, no te mea he ratou te wāhanga matua o te rautaki ope karihi o te whenua. Ko te mahi matua o te pūnaha pere - taofi fakaaoao taea, me te patua momo rerekē o nga whiu ngā taumata rautaki o te hoariri. Hei wāhanga o te hoia pere o whakaaro motuhake Russia e toru taua pere me 12 ngā pere. complexes kaingārahu, - he 6 momo o missiles 4 me te whakatupuranga 5, e toru o nei e hāngai ana e i roto i maina, e toru - he pūkoro hāngai whenua-.

whakaaro pūnaha pere kaha tino o te ao kei te ki te waiho i te pere ballistic "Voivod". He mea e taea ki te whakaora e pā ana ki 10 warheads taimaha o 8 taranata i te tawhiti o te 11.5 mano kiromita. Ko tōna ngā i roto i te maha ngā huarahi pai atu i te complexes American kaha tino.

Me pēhea te ki te whakahaere i te whakamātautau

Kua hinga te whakamātautau tuatahi o te pūnaha pere mo tetahi atu tau, 1986 - i tū ratou i roto i Baikonur. A, i muri i o nga tau i te rua,, i hoatu i te matatini ki mahi, i muri nei i whakamatauria ai ki te whakamahi o ngā momo rerekē o te taputapu whawhai. "Voivod" - he tākirirangi, whakaaro nei tetahi o te kaha tino i roto i te fakavaha'akonitinēnití. e kore e taurite i roto i hoa huri noa i te ao taputapu hangarau o te matatini, me te taumata tiketike o ngā āhuatanga mahi ko te kī taurangi e te whakamahi i missiles taea e ngāwari ki te mau tonu hōia, me te örite rautaki.

E tano ia tapao e te "Voivod" whakamatau he uaua hoki o nga rōnihi angitu 43 i anake 36. Na mutu te whakarewatanga tuatahi i roto i te kore: te tākirirangi, puta mai i roto o te aku, ka hinga hoki ki te kātua, i reira i kahore aitua. Ko kua whakamātautau muri kua humarie a pai, ka kua "Voivod" (aka "Hatana") kua mohio rite tetahi o te pono tino i roto i te ao. Kei te whakaritea te reira e ka waiho te tākirirangi i roto i te mahi tika ki runga ki te 2022, a ka riro te tākirirangi whakakapinga "Voivod" hou fakavaha'akonitinēnití pere ballistic "Sarmat".

Ko te whāinga matua

I roto i te whanaketanga o te kaihanga whai ki te whakarite i tētahi taumata hou o ngā āhuatanga mahi me te whawhai nui tōtika. Ka rite ki te hua, i whakawhanakehia fakavaha'akonitinēnití pere ballistic "Voivod" i roto i te wāhi e whai ake nei:

1. ivi Nui ake Pu ahau KP.
2. Tiaki te reira te whakahau me te mana tono i roto i tetahi pūmautanga matatini taiao.
3. Whänui kaha whakahaere o missiles aronga-, tautautefito ki he taimi pihinga i tohu ūnga hia. tere tākirirangi "Voivod", me te wa tīmatanga o te mataara tonu pānga mahi - e kore e taea te rite ratou e tetahi atu pūnaha pere i roto i te ao.
4. Whakarato missiles ātete i rere ki te āhuatanga e totohu i te whenua, me te tiketike-teitei pahūtanga karihi.
5. mana motuhake nui ake o te matatini.
6. Nui haere te wā pūtāhui o te Pūwhakarewa tākirirangi.

Matatini "Voivod" - he tākirirangi, i te mea mahi pono, me te te toitü he maha ngā wā nui atu i maha ngā pūnaha rangi korero kawe.

He aha e nga āhuatanga?

I roto i whakamatautau te tākirirangi riro ātete nui ki ngā awe. hohoro atu whakamahi whawhai o te matatini ko pai ake me e tika ana ki te maha o ngā āhuatanga:

1. Kua te tika kua nui haere e 1.3 wā.
2. Kua utu whakamahia ake mana.
3. Kua nui haere Area rohe warheads waimehatanga 2.3 wā.
4. rere ana te matatini te i aratau rerekē.
5. pere karihi "Voivod" i rere toru nga wa roa atu i roto i te aratau tu-anake.
6. Time ki te hihiko haurua.

Rite rawa ki te huinga o rongoā hangarau matatau, ka anga ia ki te whai kaha pai pūngao.

pūnaha cushioning

kawea te whanaketanga o te pūnaha pere i roto i runga i te whakatutukitanga o te mua ki te whakamahi o te mōrahi e wātea ana hou engineering hanganga, kōrero me ngā pūnaha. Ka rite ki te putanga, "Voivod" - he tākirirangi, āhuatanga nei i te pai nui, mahi i runga i wahie wai, tino ampulizirovana me te hangaia ki te whakangaro whakaurunga tino i roto i te rerekē awhe tawhiti. kawea whanaketanga tākirirangi i roto i te kaupapa e rua-taahiraa i roto i i whakaritea te raupapa kaupae me tutu'a pūnaha tūemi taputapu nui. Pūngao moe o te matatini kua nui haere tika ki te maha o ngā āhuatanga:

1. I pai ake te reira i mahi pūkaha, whakatinana tino pai iahiko mana atu.
2. Ko te wahie kōhao toko atamira II i whakamana.
3. Whakapai ake i te āhuatanga aerodynamic.

Ko te pūnaha toko o te tupuranga - reira engine tākirirangi chetyrehkamerny, rite rawa nei te ki nga ruma parariraa hurihuri - kua hoatu mua ratou i roto i te tūranga rere. Kei te whakamahia hoki te tākirirangi pūnaha inu ao, kua riro nei te kī ki te whakaminenga nohopuku me te pai o te wheketere.

Āhuatanga whakahaere

Intercontinental pere ballistic "Voevoda" te mana te kōwae whawhai nei kua he āhua biconical o te tinana, me te he iti resistance rangi. whakaaro pūnaha mana pere te i runga i kia rite ki te whakatutuki i te maha whāinga:

1. Ka āta whakarite te reira i te tōtika o muri pānga o te pahūtanga karihi i roto i te rere.
2. warheads whakarere whakanui nui-pū.
3. whakamahi te reira i tikanga aronga tika e kore e rapua e whakangungu motuhake o te misioni rere.
4. E whakarato ana aronga mamao.

Hei whakaoti i enei raruraru i te tākirirangi rite rawa ki te matatini rorohiko onboard kaha. ngā Rocket "Voivod", te āhuatanga o e faauru wehi, whawhai ahurei me ngā āhuatanga whakahaere. E whakapumautia e maha whakamātautau i roto i te rangi, me te i runga i te whenua nga āhuatanga katoa o te matatini. Whakahaere rōnihi pere kua whakaaturia e ko te reira tika.

Ko te tino kaha i roto i te ao

"Voivod" - pūnaha pere, i haere mai i runga i fatongia whawhai i roto i te rau tau whakamutunga. I roto i te 1979, whakaarohia Designer Tumuaki Utkin V. F. otinga hangarau hou e pā ana ki te pūnaha pere. I te tau 1992 ka tohatoha ia e pā ana ki 88 launchers, a ka noho tonu tākirirangi te tino kaha, me te uaua i roto i te ao. Tona taimaha - neke atu i te 200 taranata, me te katoa kotahi salvo pere wehenga o te mana rite ki te 13,000 poma ngota.

Rocket R-36M2 "Voivod" rawa te ki matatini matatau, me te hou o te tikanga e taea o te upooti'araa i pere korero me ki te wahi i roto i te pūnaha rongorau. Ko te missiles i te 10 warheads, e kua hipokina e te tāwhana i roto i te rere fairing - kua whakanohoia e ratou ki runga ki te anga motuhake e rua rarangi i roto i. pūkaha tākirirangi - LRE he-ruma wha, e kua he combustor hurihuri - kōkiri ratou ki te āhua whakahaere ina rere.

Ko te rerekētanga matua

1. Ko te pere e te ātete tiketike ki ngā āhuatanga e totohu rite ki te hua o te pahūtanga karihi.
2. Ka taea te tīmata te reira i ara i muri patua te hoariri i te tūranga o te pūnaha pere.
3. Special pouri paninga arai waiariki whakahaere te wahi o te tākirirangi i roto i te kapua puehu i hanga e i muri i te pahūtanga karihi. whakarato te paninga taua he te toitü o te pūnaha pere.
4. rite rawa te tākirirangi te ki pūoko motuhake e ine i iramoe me te kama-ray takiuru taumata kino. A, no te haere i te tākirirangi karihi "mushroom", whakawhiti te pūnaha mana te atu, ki te mahi tonu i te pūkaha.
5. Hei waihanga i te tinana tākirirangi o ngā rauemi kaha nui whakamahia - matao-mahi konumohe-konupora (etaeta) koranu.
6. Intercontinental pere ballistic "Voivod" Ko te pūnaha mana whīwhiwhi, i huna i roto i te whare taputapu wehenga hiri. ähuareka te pūnaha kei te rite te roa rite te tākirirangi rau te rohe ati. Muri tahuri taputapu kei te runga me Whakarite te pūnaha mana te trajectory o te matatini.
7. Ko te kuware pūnaha Water tākirirangi, he reira āhuatanga rawa iti aunoa. Fakatatau ki ai, kahore he take mo te tiaki.

pūnaha pere tafunaki e pukuriri wāhanga o te wahie wai, engari he mea i roto i hihiko a tawhio noa 25 tau. Taunga ki te tikanga uaua o motors tākirirangi whawhai: kua nui haere ratou o ratou hiahia, i hanga pūnaha taketake ake ātete, me ngā āhuatanga o te matatini.

Ngā Āhuatanga o "Voivod"

Ko te pere "Hatana" ( "Voivod") ko te maha-whakaaro, ka hangaia ki te whai wāhi i te whānuitanga o ngā take. Ko te āhuatanga motuhake o te matatini ngā te whai ake:

1. rere Tīmata i te aku.
2. tākirirangi E rua-wā, me te rere i runga i ngā wāhanga nui-wahie.
3. te mana te matatini kei aunoa i runga i te rorohiko i runga i-papa.
4. Ka taea te whakamahi ngā momo rerekē o te taputapu whawhai (warheads).
5. Mohio-me pehea tino anake i roto i te tākirirangi - moata whakarewa.

akatuke'anga

He maha ngā whakarerekētanga o te "Voivod". Tuatahi - P-36M UTTKh, i te mea he pūnaha pere tuatoru-whakatupuranga. Ko te taea ki te patua te pere ake ki te 10 ngā taumata, tae atu i te whāinga ngā nui iti ranei i runga i te tapawha ia. Tenei matatini He tika tiketike o te ahi, hua i roto i te maha o warheads.

"Dnepr" - hanga i runga i te pūtake o matatini "Voivod" tākirirangi. E whakaatu ana Photo e ko he tākirirangi whakarerekētia, te ngohengohe e whakahounga pŭpŭ tauturu engines takotoranga me te stabilization, pūnaha mana tenei, ka whakamahi i te fairing ihu elongated.

Ko te opuaraa matua

I te tīmatanga, ko te rā kati mō te mataara "Voivod" missiles fai mo 2018, a inaianei e korero tatou e pā ana ki 2026 tau. Tohunga mea e nui kua pūnaha pere te wā pūtāhui, a ko kua te wā o tona mataara e pā ana ki 24 tau tau. I te kau, kawea te mahi i roto i ki te whakapai ake i te ora o te missiles ki te 30 nga tau, na kua whakaritea reira ki te pupuri i te matatini i roto i te pakanga o te Rautaki pere Forces tae noa ki 2022.

Tohunga whakapono e ki ake i te mōrahi ora mahi taea o missiles "Voivod" Ko te whakawhetai taea ki te meka e he ratou tino hangarau rerekē, kitea nei i roto i te hoahoa me te rongoā hangarau complexes. I tuhia ano hoki te reira e ka "Voivod" RS-20V i te whawhai o te ope pere Russian tae noa ki 2026.

ngā kitenga

pūnaha pere, "Voivod" he ahurei: te whakarewa tuatahi i roto i 1986, meinga ana e ia he rota o te tautohe me te rerekētanga o te whakaaro. He aha te utu anake rahua rōnihi, e taea e hoatu te mutunga ki enei complexes ... Ko kua arahina ao hōu wā me te whakamahi o te hangarau hou ki te meka e te tākirirangi "Voivod" iku ka te tino kaha, me te uaua i roto i te ao, patu i runga i enei tohu i roto i te pukapuka record Guinness. Ngā mihi ki te hoahoa mahara, me te pūnaha tino, rite rawa nei te ki te tākirirangi, he mea i roto i te mahi i roto i te hihiko hoki te rau hauwhā.

pūnaha pere, "Voivod" ( "Hatana") he pai no te mea he ira ki te pere korero ia, no te mea o te warhead matatini i roto i te rere i haere tahi e te poraka teka. Ko te rohe o to ratou manene, me te wē ara ko te taua rite i roto i warheads tūturu e confuses te hoariri. I tua atu, ko reira patu haumaru rawa kei roto i te taea o whakaeke hoariri maina. Na tino nui: Ka taea e te matatini noho i roto i te huru tiaki e pā ana ki te 10 nga tau, me te noa timata ki te tīmata ake i roto i te 30 hēkona.