Wae waina: te rārangi. wae roa Vintage

I roto i te ao i teie mahana o ngā hangarau e whakamahia ana ki te ine i te roa, rōrahi, taimaha. Ko te uara o enei inenga ā e mārama i roto i te wae tāutatia. I mua i te taeraa mai o ngā paerewa kua whakaritea ki te whakatau i te rahi o ngā ranei te tawhiti te wae tawhito o te ine whakamahia.

kōrero

Iwi i roto i te tukanga o te ora, hōia, me ngā mahi arumoni mo te wa roa i ki te whakatau i te rahinga o taonga i roto i te utu, ki te tātai i te rohe o te whenua ine tawhiti i waenganui i nga pa, te whakamahi i te āhuatanga i roto i te ahumahi hanga. Ko te tika o te uara whiwhi ki te awhina o nga mehua onamata, ko e taea ki te kī. Ko te uara kōwae matamua - enei he paerewa tuakiri, i roto i te mea tino wawau i roto i tona absurdity te whakaaro o te tangata hou.

Hei tauira, te Japanese "hoiho-hu" - te wa i roto i nei kua mau i te hoiho kakau Horseshoe; Siberian "Beech" - te moni i e taea te kanohi tangata kore wehewehe i waenganui i nga haona o te puru; Kariki "ngā wāhanga" - te tawhiti haere tere leisurely i runga i te wā i te timatanga o te ata ki te ahua tonu o te ra ki runga ake i te pae; Persian "Maumau" - he mehua o te roa, e taea te whakaoti i roto i te haora.

I korerotia nga meatanga onamata e pā ana ki te mea i te wae tawhito o te inenga e whakamahia ana e to tatou mau tupuna. Hei whakatau i te whakamahi i nga wa katoa e kua ki a ia, a kia kua he wae mehua. Ka rite ki te wahi pūrere ruri whakamahia o te tinana tangata, me ona āhuatanga tinana: he taahiraa, he ringa, tuke, whanganga, maro, waewae, inihi.

Rus tahito

Hoki Russia onamata āhuatanga e mau parau whakamārama mō te tawhiti faaotiraa -. "Taunga kamaka", "pere rere," "ra o te ara" Kua ēnei uara āhua tono anake ki te puna motuhake, nga perpetrators o enei mahi. I reira etahi atu kōwae tawhito Russian taketake o te roa. Field - tawhiti o te 20 maero, - whakaahuatia Epifanii Wise. Quarter - hawhe heketea - whakamahia i raro i Ivan i te Terrible.

metrology Historical - te pūtaiao e tuatapapa i te wae tawhito o te inenga o inenga ā. E kore e te pūnaha o mehua wae inenga tawhito tika taua i roto i ngā uara ira. Ka taea te whakaritea ētahi uara ki tahi i te tahi:

• e whitu waewae - rite ki te 3 whatianga o,
• inihi - 4 inihi,
• tuke - 2 inihi,
• iari - 2 tuke
• verst - 500 iari.

Ki te karo whakama, i reira nga rārangi motuhake, e ine kua te ōwehenga kua rēhita. Heoi, e kore e taea te tango e ratou kia rite ki te tetahi mea no te mea e taea ara whanganga rerekē i roto i te rahi. wae Old o inenga o inenga ā noho he rārangi rawa whānui, uaua ki te matau i te tangata hou. mehua Ancient tatau - he oko tatini (12 wae), e rima ngā wā e wha tekau Sable (200 mongamonga), taimaha (144 tatini) - i enei e taea te māngai i roto i te puka o te pūnaha ira mua.

Te hanga paerewa inenga i roto i Russia

wae Old i roto i Russia i whakamahia i roto i te ao katoa o te mahi a te tangata. Tīmata i te rau tau XVI tamata Russia ki te whakatū pūnaha uara noa. I roto i te rau tau XVIII i roto i te hononga ki te whanaketanga o te hokohoko ke i tika ki te tika te whakahaere mehua. tahuri te reira i roto i taua i te kanorau o ngā waeine tīariari o mehua, e kore he ngāwari te hanga o te tukanga paerewa. Na roto i te 1736 te aratai kaumatua i hanga he komiti o pauna me mehua i raro i te ārahitanga o te Kaute Golovkin, te wahi i tangohia mehua hi'oraa maitai ki te whakaturia ake he ira parau tumu kaupapa o uara inenga.

I taua wa, paunatia moni ke me konganuku utu nui i runga i Tuhinga ki te tikanga me ka tomo i te mints - te papatipu o te katoa whiwhi rerekē. Kua kua hape mo te tauira tohutoro tauira Tauine o St Petersburg Customs, kawea ki te kaumatua,. i tangohia raina Pita ahau hei mehua hi'oraa maitai o te roa. tāutuhia Chetverik Moscow tikanga kotahi mahi wewete.

Ko te pūnaha ōrite o te inenga i roto i Europe a Russia

Ahakoa i roto i te kingitanga o Pita ka mau te wahi nui Russian pūnaha ngahuru Ingarihi. i tangohia whakahou Metrological mo te whanaketanga o te hokohoko ao, me te kaipuke, ngā te whakamahi o waewae, iāri me inihi riro i roto i te pahi. I raro i Nicholas whāngai ahau ture i roto i Oketopa 1835, i whakapumautia te pūnaha Russian o pauna me mehua. I te mutunga o Mei 1875 i ngā māngai o te Tsarist Russia whakaae ki te Kawenata Mita. Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev i oti rawa nui aro ki te mahi i runga i te ture i runga i te pūnaha ngahuru, i mohio anake i roto i te 1917 rite here.

January 1, 1927 Kua whakakapi pūnaha Nuiōrau Nuremberg whakamahia e te taka rongoā, ki te pūnaha ngahuru.

takahanga Ancient i roto i te pakiwaitara, me te mahi

I roto i te kupu noa o te hou tangata Russian wae koroheke, me te faataa ia i tiaki i roto i te kīanga tūturu i roto i te pakiwaitara-waha o ratou kupu:

• reta nui - Tuhituhi nui,
• poto - he tohu o te hinengaro,
• Kolomna verst - he tangata rawa roroa,
• matahao whitu waewae i nga pokohiwi - tangata mālohi hanga,
• i kohua e rua inihi - he tupu iti.

maha e taea te kitea te whakamāramatanga tawhito i roto i ngā pukapuka e whakaahua ngā hītori i roto i te rotarota me tales.

roa

wae tawhito o te roa e whakamahia ana i roto i Russia mai te whakatamarikitanga o te ta i roto i te 1835 me te ake ki 1917:

• maihao - e pā ana ki 2 henimita,
• nokot - he iti ake i te 1 henemita,
• inihi - e pā ana ki 4.5 henimita,
• hauwhā - 17.8 cm,
• Whatīanga - rite ki whakatau tata ngā i 38 ki te 47 henimita,
• iari - 71,12 henimita,
• waewae - e pā ana ki 30.5 henimita,
• e whitu waewae - 2.14 mita (i hanga wehenga i runga i te sazhen matahao -2,5 mita me te tōhito - 1,76 mita)
• 1 maero o - 1.07 kiromita.

Ētahi wae mehua i whakaaro e to tatou mau tupuna ki te whakatau i te rohe. E whakamahia ana ēnei inenga ā ki te whakatau i te rahi o te whenua, hanga, e fakakomēsialé. Hoki, e mahi ki enei whika rite te mehua mo te tātai o te takoha i runga i te whenua. Ko te wāhi mahi tino rongonui, nga ingoa o e taea te kitea i roto i te tūtohinga onamata - he maile tapawha, he parau, he hauwhā, he whakatekau.

Ko te kōwae tahito iti rawa o te roa e whakamahia ana i roto i te rārangi metrology hou. Ko te pūtake o ngā uara tangohia witi witi. Tenei ahua, ko te pā ana ki 2.5 mm.

rōrahi

wae Vintage mō te potakataka me wai tinana i huaina taro me te waina mehua. Hoki i roto i te rau tau XV, whakamahia te golvazhnya mīharo (ipu tote), Lucknow me cleanings (mo witi). Ka rerekē i runga i te wāhi matawhenua momo taro Vyatskaya marten, Smolensk oko saptsa Perm, koroheke bast Russian me Poshev.

I roto i te ora ia rā, me te tauhokohoko ki te mehua pau Household Ware: nga kohua i, koko, oko, pata, ngā tāpu, Bratina, Konovko. Ko te kaha o taua uara rerekē i runga i te whānuitanga nui: te kōhua i taea kia i te 20 ki te peere poluvedra.

taimaha

Ancient mehua Rus ngā te pūnaha tawhito o ngā waeine papatipu, kahore nei i reira e taea ki te mau tonu whanaunga hokohoko. I roto ia ratou:

1. Grand - 0.062 karamu, wae papatipu kēmihi.
2. Tākai - 4.266 karamu, rite te wae taimaha ora noa te rau tau rua tekau, ko rite ki nga moni Pāoa.
3. He tuawaru - 50 karamu, tona ingoa, ka mau whanganga tenei o taimaha 1/8 te uara o te pauna.
4. Rota - 12,797 karamu, i rite ki te toru o te tākai.
5. Pauna - 410 karamu, ka karanga tuatahi moni rohe. Ko tenei te wae taketake o te hokohoko me te mahi take papatipu moni ki 96 o te tākai, i whakamahia ai ki te whakatau i te taimaha o te whakarewa utu nui.
6. Pud - 40 lbs, 16.38 kg. Kei te mohiotia te reira e kua kī te whakamahi o te mehua tenei o taimaha mai te rau tau 12. I whakakorea te reira i anake i roto i te 1924
7. Batman - 4.1 kg.
8. Berkovets - 163,8 kg, he mehua nui o taimaha mo te hokohoko rarawe. mai Bjork i te ingoa o te motu. Ko ōrite ki te 10 pudam. Kei te mohiotia te reira i tohutoro ki tenei mehua i roto i te pukapuka tūtohinga o te rau tau XII.

mehua ine reo Foreign

I roto i te ora hou, te pūtake o te pūnaha inenga he manokaramu, mita me te tuarua. He waia, me te pono ēnei uara. Heoi, ko te wae tawhito o te inenga i roto i te ahupūngao tono e te tahi mau whenua ki runga ki inaianei.

Te pūnaha Ingarangi:

1. paina Ingarangi - e pā ana ki 0,57 rita.
2. Fl Oz - 30 ml.
3. Oko - no te matū rerekē faikehekehe insignificantly rōrahi ko e pā ana ki 159 rita. Ka taea e te mahi te reira i rite te mehua o te nui o te hinu e mohiotia hoki mo te pia, "French", "Ingarihi" oko.
4. Carat - 0.2 karamu. Kei te whakamahia te reira ki te whakatau i te papatipu o gemstones.
5. Hekere - 28,35 karamu. Whakamahia ki te ine i te taimaha o te konganuku utu nui.
6. pauna Ingarangi - 0,45 kg.

mehua Chinese:

1. 1 Do - 576 mita.
2. 1 Liang - 37.3 karamu.
3. 1 repo - 0.32 cm.

Mai i nga wa onamata, me te taata te pūnaha o te inenga o ngā rahinga tinana. Ko reira tika ki te ine i te taimaha me te rōrahi, ki te whakatau i te tawhiti, ki te mohio te wa. nui haere te faufaa o inenga tika ki te whanaketanga o te hapori. ngā New mo te inenga o ngā uara, engari maha i roto i te tuhinga ranei i roto i te kupu rā rererere mehua tawhito e whakamahia i roto i te ora hou. Knowledge o uara tahito e tohu raraunga ngahuru, tuku ki tiaki i te hītori.