Waka Russian: cars, taraka, whakaaro motuhake. Te ahumahi motokā Russian

Ia paraparau tatou no te ahumahi pereoo kāinga, te mea tuatahi e tae mai ki te ngakau - te tauira o te Täingäwai Automobile Plant. Ko te waka tino mōhiotia o to tatou wa ko o AvtoVAZ Lada Kalina. Ko reira e wātea ana mō te kaweake e rua, me te mo te mākete motu. Ko te rerekētanga i waenganui i enei whakarerekētanga taimaha, na whakataurite ratou hanga kahore tikanga. I roto i ngā hangarau, kua te motokā i te mahi tino pai, ki te te hangaia mo te ara kāinga anake te mea e, me e te mea he rota.

timata "Moskvich" me "Lada", i roto i te rau tau XIX: te whanaketanga o te ahumahi motokā Russian, i roto i nga wa Soviet, ka whakawhetai rongonui ki te waka e whai ake nei. I mua i te putanga o te Union o lepupilika o rave rahi taime whakatika te ahumahi ki ona waewae, ka hinga i te kotahi, a anake e 1960 i whakaorangia ora ki te tonu - motorization papatipu kua whakarewahia. I roto o te raruraru, i aru tonu i muri i te parariraa o te USSR, kua ka i roto i ki te uaua, engari te ahumahi motokā Russian. Na inaianei, tetahi o nga kaihanga nui rawa, nana nei i whakakitea te ao te motokā Lada Kalina, - ko te brainchild o AvtoVAZ. Ahakoa i roto i Russia e piki kitea he motokā ke, nga motokā tuarua ko te tauira o te hanga kāinga. E whakaatu ana te reira i ïa me te aroha o te taupori mo te kāinga, me te te whānuitanga ki te iti waka vazovskaya i roto i rite ki te hunga ke. Ka taea te pānui i atu hītori raro.

Russian ahumahi automotive tae noa ki 1917

timata nga waka Russian tuatahi ki te puta i roto i 1896. Ko i timata taua wa ki te whakawhanake i te ahumahi aunoa motu. I te tauira tuatahi engine ngingiha, a puta i roto i taua tau. I roto i te iwi whānui, te reira "tohu" Evgeny Yakovlev ko Pita Frese.

I muri i taua mau ohipa i roto i Russia reira ko nga kamupene tūmataiti tuatahi e tohu i te ahumahi motokā Russian i te wa. Heoi, katoa o ratou rawa hohoro taui i to ratou mahi. Na roto i te 1912, "manu" i reira e rua anake kamupene whakahaere. Kei te korero tatou e pā ana ki te pereoo wheketere Russian-Paratiki me te whakato Puzyreva. I tū te tuatahi i roto i Riga, te tuarua - i roto i St Petersburg. a RBVZ he wāhi ki te tuku i to ratou tauira tuatahi o te waka i roto i te 1909, i timata RAZIPP mahi i roto i 1911. E whā tau i muri mai, tahuna te tipu tuarua i, a i muri i te wā poto o te wā, ka mate tona kaiwhakarewa. Kei tetahi i roto i St Petersburg (konei i whakaritea huihui o rererangi), te tuarua - i roto i Tver: RBVZ tika ki whawhai tata Riga wehea ki te maha manga.

timata te ahumahi motokā Russian ki te whakawhanake i roto i te auau tere e tika ana ki te pakarutanga o te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao. Na te whakawhetai katoa ki te meka nui i e nui haere te hiahia mō te taputapu atu. tukuna te kāwanatanga he tikanga i runga i te whakatū o ono tipu. Kua hoki ratou hanganga kua tohaina e pā ana ki 11 miriona. moni. E ai ki tātaitanga o te katoa hanga o nga mana ko reira ki te kia 10 mano. Units te tau. Heoi, ka mutu enei mahere rawa fakamamahi. I muri i te 1917 revolution me te pikinga muri, te parariraa o te pūnaha ikiiki i Russia, kihai i oti te hanga o nga otaota. Te mutunga iho i āhua kotahi anake nekeneke, me i converges marama, me te mīhini taimaha. Hoki 1917 i taea ki te kohikohi tata 500 waka i te tipu Moscow tatou. I muri te whakatū i te āhuatanga kua whakaritea e te mana ki te tīmata anō te hanga o te ngā whakaminenga. Otiia anake e rua o ratou faifai puritia ratou taa'e.

wahi Russian o te USSR

waka Russian tino puta i roto i tona noho i roto i te Soviet Union. whakaaro te wa o te tuku taraka F-15 Moscow wheketere te ki hei te wāhi timatanga o te whanaketanga o te ahumahi automotive. A iti i muri mai i whakaingoatia reira AMO. I muri i te anō o te tipu ka anga ki te whakaputa i ngā taraka i raro i te raihana. I roto i te Nizhny Novgorod, i pai nei mohiotia rite Gorky, ka hanga reira Naz. Tenei whakatokia, mā te whakamahi i te taumira o te Ford o te kamupene American, timata whakaputa taraka me waka pāhihi. E te kamupene taea riro te rangatiratanga motu o te Soviet Union, a ka tukua he motokā "Lada" - he tohu o te State kotahi. Fakataha ki tukua te ahumahi motokā Russian iti rama motokā i roto i Europa i roto i te wahi tuatahi, ka mau ia wahi tuarua i roto i te take taraka kāwai i roto i te ao. I mua i te tīmatanga o te āhuatanga papā i roto i te Soviet Union i te anga o te Pakanga II o te Ao i hua ake atu i te 1 miriona. Tārua.

Tae noa haere te whanaketanga 70 ahumahi pereoo i roto i te tere kaha. I roto i tenei take, te nuinga o nga waka Russian ko te maha nui o taraka - e ka whakanuia ratou production.

timata te taupori ki te whiwhi waka whaiaro i taua wa, ka rite ki kua whakaritea e Italy ki te hanga i runga i te rohe o te Uniana o te Whā. Te tipu whakahaeretia i roto i te tere tika tere. Tuatahi whakaputaina hoki te tau 660 mano. Tārua, a ka, ofi ki 80 th te tau, ka whakatika tenei ahua ki 730 mano. A, o te akoranga, te motokā "Zhiguli" i roto i te taupū hea te raiona o. Me i hanga ai, me te "Āpure". Ko te taua tipu ko te tetahi tuatahi i runga i te rohe o te USSR tukuna he hatchback nekeneke.

I roto i 1969, te hanga o KAMAZ, kua oti te reira i te 1976. I tīmata te reira i tukua e ia ki te iriti i maha waka Soviet ki ngā tikanga diesel mana. I raro i te mahere, hua te wheketere 150 mano. Trucks me 250 mano. Units ia tau.

Ngā mihi ki te tautoko pai i te kāwanatanga me te mau tautooraa tahi o otaota katoa, i 1980 noho te Soviet Union te ao:

• Ko te wahi tuatahi mo te hanga o ngā pahi.
• wahi Tuatoru mo te hanga o taraka.
• wahi tuarima i roto i te hanga whānui. hoatu Here waka Russian ara ki Japanese, American, Tiamana me ritenga French.

Na ara ki te raruraru, tonu te ahumahi motokā Russian ki te pai i te kaihoko kāinga katoa waitohu hou o te motokā. I taua wa, kua mutu te hanga ki te tupu i roto i te rahi, i reira ko tetahi kaimahi o ngā wāhanga e manawapa. Te ārahitanga o te USSR āta memeha atu. Ko he ïa te reira i roto i tenei wā ka kite i te ao "mure ore" taua tauira rite te motokā "Moskvich", "Sputnik", "Oka", "Tavria" me etahi taraka.

I muri i te tiango o te Soviet Union, te whakarau o te ahumahi motokā Russian, haere Ukrainian ko Belarusian ki to tatou huarahi.

Modern ahumahi aunoa Russian

Ko te raruraru i heke i muri i te hanganga o 1992, tata mutu te mahi o te ahumahi motokā Russian katoa. Nga reiti production iti, te maha o ngā waka huihui. Ahakoa te hunga e hua kape cheap i utu, e iri ratou mahi. he tika ki te whai i te raruraru ōhanga, me te pūtea e wehingia ana tenei. Ka taea e tatou te mea e te whakaeke roa taua i runga i te āhua anake tino kaha automakers Russian - wā-whakamatau. Kei te korero tatou e pā ana ki te wha, hau me te whakato Likhachev. tukua ratou he motokā pono rongonui - ". Bychkov" "Lada", "Täingäwai", Ko reira i roto i enei raupapa o raruraru i hinga pai. Ahakoa te wāriu o te RUPO i 1998, tino patua e ngā.

Kua i te 2002, ko te whenua i roto i te whakaminenga tārere ki tonu o tauira ke. E tenei wa i roto i te āhua whakatuwheratia neke atu i te tatini pakihi ke. I roto i te waka ko ōrau 40%. whakamahere whanaketanga o te 1 miriona. mongamonga Foreign ia tau i mohio i roto i te 2010.

Na te Russian Federation ko te rārangi o te runga 15 kaihanga i roto i te ao. I runga i te rohe o te kāwanatanga, ko te tuwhera hoki neke atu i te 50 tipu automotive.

Ko te motokā pai kāinga

Ki te whakaaro tatou i te motokā pai pono hangaia i roto i te Soviet Union, he mea e tika ana ki te mutu to ratou whakarongo ki runga ki te meka i riro te mahi taupū "M-20". he "wikitoria" True, he reira. I hangaia te reira i te tipu Gorky i 1946 ki te 1958. tukua e pā ana ki 240 mano. kape i te aroaro o tu production.

i te motokā, he āhua nui, me i ngā kaihoko. Me kï hoki he uruhanga tiketike, pūmautanga pai. Ko paku ki runga ake i te tohu o te 100 km / h te tere mōrahi. Ko reira e hiahiatia ana he motokā taua i morehu Soviet o te whawhai. Ko te drawback matua o mīhini, ka karanga maha reira te pūkaha. Oia mau, ua te tauira "M-20" Kua tino pono, engari eui i roto i te mahere mahi o te wae mana. Ahakoa i whakanuia ia i te ora roa, engari, whakautu, ko ahau kaua ngoikore hoki tenei ahua o te mīhini.

Ko te waka Russian tino utu i roto i nga wa Soviet

Me kï hoki zis-110, e no ki te piha haapiiraa o waka whakahaere. I tīmata Ko tōna production i roto i te mutunga tau o te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao. A i roto i te tau 1958 i whakakapi ia e tetahi atu motokā o te raupapa kotahi. A, no te ingoa o te tipu i muri Likhachev, kua puta ke tona ingoa he bit - ZIL-110. tukua te wā production Tapeke he iti neke atu i te 2 mano. kape o nga hahi katoa.

tuhia tonu kaihoko Soviet te huatau o te waka, kia rite ki te pai kia rite ki te ataahua o te tinana. i mahi ipurau engine eke me 8 mō te 4 huringa. Ko tōna kaha ko 180 horsepower.

Ka taea te hoatu i tēnei motokā i roto i te rārangi ki te "wikitoria". Ko te rerekētanga i waenganui i a ratou, ko te noa e te "M-20" ko atu e tika ana taupori waenganui-piha no te mea o te kaupapa here utu me whakaahuatia - teitei.

motokā Russian haumaru

Ko te hou "UAZ Patriot" (ranei UAZ-3163) he pakari mau te tūranga ārahi i roto i te waka Russian tino pono. He te tika kōwhiringa, āhuatanga katoa me ngā āhuatanga e hiahiatia ana mo te hoiho i runga i nga rori Russian SUV. E rima nga tatau, me te he taumata nui ake o te māhorahoratanga i roto i te wehenga tueke me te pāhihi te motokā. "Patriot" he tino mō te taraiwa i roto i ngā wāhi tuawhenua, e kua tapiritia ki reira atu painga ka whakaritea ki ētahi atu SUVs o production kāinga. whakaputaina te raupapa e mai 2005 Ulyanovsk whakato. I tua atu ki ngā āhuatanga hangarau pai, te mea he ahua rawa mīharo, me te rata ana te iwi nui, pera i hanga i roto i te itinga.

motokā pono Russian

Tetahi noho o Russia ki whakanui i roto i tēnei kāwai o vazovskaya motokā production. O te akoranga, e korero matou e pā ana ki te motokā "Lada", e te mohiotia pai i raro i te ingoa o "pene". No miharo, no te mea i muri i te taua wa roa mai tona tuku, haere tonu i te reira ki rori Russian. Katoa motokā tuatoru i roto i Russia - e "Zhiguli". Ko reira utu whakaaro.

Ko te waka tino ataahua

"Te koekoea" Ko kotahi rau ōrau toa tenei kāwai i roto i nga waka kāinga katoa. I hangaia te reira i te tipu Gorky. Na ka haere ki raro i roto i te aamu rite te mīhini kotahi e maha tae mai rangatira. E ngā ratou e te ahua ataahua, me te rerehua.

Best motokā Russian

"Lada Priora", i roto i te whakaaro o kaitaraiwa maha, te pai. Rawa he reira e tika ana ki te karanga ki kaihoko hou kahore e nei whai hou rawa, a opehia e wā. Tenei tauira he urungi mana, he whakatārewatanga me te rangi conditioning pai.

motokā economical

Ka rite ki te motokā ōhanga "Oka" taea te tuhia. kua Products Vaz tonu te utu iti-utu, engari kua tenei tauira kua te cheap tino. Ano, kua reira āhuatanga faahiahia rite mo te kāwanatanga.

"KamAZ": dumper

Ehara i Koinei, te "KAMAZ" - tetahi o nga kaihanga pai i roto i Russia, ki te kōrero tatou e pā ana ki ngā taraka. E whakamahia ratou i roto i tata katoa rāngai: ahuwhenua, terenga, hanga. I roto i te 2010, i anō-rite rawa te raupapa piha hou, i rerekē nui ake haratau. "KamAZ" raupapa (putunga) faahiahia. He ona ake idiosyncrasies ia tauira. Ko te utu āwhiwhiwhi o tetahi o enei waka whānui ko te 170 mano. Moni. E pai cars amio ana te ara paerewa, engari e kore e akakoromaki i peia i runga i te ara.

ahi ZIL

taraka ahi ka kore tonu e hiahiatia ana. Me whai ratou ngā nui. Tenei Ko tetahi o nga momo o waka i roto i nei te raraunga waho ko tino iti. Hoki te wa roa i hangaia waka mo te USSR mō teihana ahi Likhachev whakato. Neke atu i te wa, kua pai ake ratou i roto i ngā āhuatanga katoa. ko ZIL ahi te tauira pai mo te USSR.