Anti-kaipuke pere X-35: āhuatanga hangarau me te tono

Ko tētahi o nga ngā nui i roto i ngā take hōia ko te whakakotahitanga tata o patu, me te taputapu. Na roto i te whakamahi o ngā wāhanga noa ko reira taea ki te faaohie i te hanga pūnaha, me te whakaiti i a ratou utu whakahaere. Ko tētahi tauira o tenei huarahi ko te anti-kaipuke pere X-35. Tei runga i te putanga, ka taea te whakamahi i te reira e te rererangi, waka topatopa, kaipuke, me te pūru. Rehe o te whakamahi nui faarahi te pūmanawa o missiles i runga i te parekura.

Ko te Kh-35: te hītori o te hanga

Hei timata ki matou e matau, i te tākirirangi e ia ki te haere i roto i te aroaro o te riroraa i te taonga o te Russian Navy. I mahara te reira e eke te X-35 tākirirangi te i runga i kaipuke me kaipuke ki te displacement toharite. Ko reira ki te whakamahi hei wāhanga o te matatini pere (SC) "Uranus". anga whanaketanga i roto i te Paenga-whāwhā 1984. Ko te kaiwhakahaere kaupapa ko G. I. Hohlov. I tukua te nuinga o te mahi hoahoa ki te "Zvezda" OKB. I riro te reira i e te pere Kh-35 "Uranus" Ka whakamahia kia ki te whakangaro oko o kore ake atu i te 5000 tana. Ko ngā whakataunga e hiahiatia ana e ko te reira taea ki te rere e rua launchers tākirirangi kotahi, me te maha. I mahara te Kh-35 ki te mahi ōrite pai i roto i ngā āhuatanga huarere katoa, i tetahi wa o te ra, me te noa te whakamahi i ngā pūnaha rangi korero o te hoariri, me te pakanga hiko.

āhuatanga General

I roto i ngā o te pere motupaika whakamana rite ki te tauira mua: Ko te parirau X-āhua me te empennage. Ko te mata o te tinana waho te hanga i te maha o ngā ipurau. He asymmetrical waenganui, me te hiku wahi: te raro reira ko te gondola, tāuta nei i roto i te horomanga rangi mua. He booster wahie tākirirangi totoka, whirihora nei te rite te rango, me te kua he hiku, he whakaaturia i whakaoho.

Ko te roa tapeke o te tākirirangi ko 3,85 mita. Ki te whakaturia ana whakatere, te piki auau ki 4.44 m. E kore e te diameter o te whare nui 0,42 m. Parirau i te āhua fafauhia ko 1.33 m. I roto i te whirihoranga taketake ki te tākirirangi whakatere X-35 pauna i 600 kg.

whakaritenga

taea hoki te kitea he whakaritenga rite i runga i ētahi atu hua i roto i tona piha haapiiraa. Kei te hokihoki ki te matenga o te mea. I muri ia ko te wāhanga whawhai. I roto i te waenganui o te hongere kokoru te "kakahu" ki te tank wahie. I roto i te hiku o te tākirirangi kia turbojet. Kei taputapu atu te roto i te wahi noa o te tinana. Te whakatere tīmatanga he hanganga tino māmā. Roto tona tinana porotakaroa taea te hoatu anake te solid- engine propellant tākirirangi.

pūnaha arata'iraa

I runga i te hoahoanga pānga pūnaha arata'iraa te hiahia mo te hao kī, ka hinga i te whakaaro o tetahi taiao jamming. i rite rawa pere ki te pūnaha arata'iraa ngā. I roto i ipu rere, i ia ki te whakamahi i tētahi pūnaha whakatere inertial me altimeter irirangi. A ka mahue te pere i roto i te rohe ūnga me te whakahohe i te pūnaha hihiani whāhoki kaha, ko tona mahi i ki te kitea, ka hinga i te whakaaro.

whakamahia te kaupapa te tākirirangi ARS-35 - kaha matenga hihiani whāhoki. taea te reira mo te kite, me te hāmene o ngā taumata ki te tohu nui o te tika. Kei te pūnaha pūihi te i te tihi o te tākirirangi. i kakahu ia i roto i te Radome. Overview wāhanga whakapae i te whanui o te 90 nekehanga (45 nekehanga ki te matau, ka mahue o te tuaka pere). kihai i rite ki whanui mātakitaki poutū: i -10 ki +20 nekehanga. I te putanga tuatahi o te pere ngā ake he rapunga ūnga ki te 20 km.

warhead

Te warhead ongó, te taimaha o te mea 145 kg, i whakanohoia ki runga i te matenga whāhoki. Nā ki te warhead nui-taikaha-hei tahutahu me patua te kaipuke ki runga ki te 5000 taranata. He he tinana mārō ki taiepa matotoru, e taea te poari ki te werohia a te kawe i te kaipuke hoariri kähaki roto. I roto i tenei ara ko reira taea ki te tiki i te pānga kino mōrahi.

pūkaha

Ka rite ki kua whakahuatia, kei te turbojet e i roto i te muri o te whare. Ko tōna pamu tae 450 Ng. tīmata te nekeneke te ki te awhina o te cutter me mahi i runga i rererangi karahīni. Ko te tipu te mana o tenei momo taea te pere ki te tae te tere o 280 m / s, me te rere i te 7 ki te 130 km. Ko te booster tākirirangi totoka, he mea e tika ana, ka whakamahi i te tākirirangi rite te wahi o te RK "Uranus". Ki te awhina o te X-35 tākirirangi, te āhuatanga o e whakaaro tatou i tenei ra, ka mahue te waka, me te whakarewatanga ipu. A, no te tīmata te tītere te, he tautuhi i te pūkaha me te whakahohe boosters tuatahi.

whakahaere

missiles ipu X-35 kua pūnaha whakahaere rawa angitu e taea ki a koe te whakatutuki i te mahi nui i roto i te whawhai. rere pere Midcourse i te teitei o te kore neke atu i te 15 mita i runga ake i te taumata wai. A, no te haamata i te rapu ngā whāinga, me te arata'iraa i runga taua mea, i tenei ahua makaka ki te 4 m. Nā ki te rere teitei iti me te haapurararaa iti o te rohe te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te kite wawe, aroturuki me te pūnaha rangi korero pere whakaeke hoariri.

missiles mahi X-35 ki etahi whānuitanga whakahaerehia e automating te tukanga o te faaineineraa no te whakarewanga. State o ngā waeine whawhai me te whakataki o te mahi rere mana aunoa. I roto i te katoa, e iti iho i te 1 meneti faaineineraa. Ko te Kh-35, tikanga nei mo te whakamahi e kaipuke me ngā pūnaha pere whenua-e hāngai ana, tukua i roto i te tīni waka whakarewatanga porotakaroa. He putanga e hāngai ana Air-wātea ana rite te pai, engari tīmata ki manureva topatopa patu paerewa ranei.

Te roa i roto i te whanaketanga

I roto i whakaaro o te huahua, i meatia nga kaimahi o OKB "Star" he marama torutoru ona, i tāutuhia etahi memeha e. I roto i ngā, i te ōritengakore o nga whakaritenga pūnaha hihiani hohe faataahia ki reira. Hoki te whakahounga me te whakapai ake o te kaupapa ka mau te reira wa ake. Te whakarewanga pairati i te tāutanga whenua ka mau wahi i roto i Whiringa 1985. otinga tenei a rave rahi rere muri i roto i te kore.

ka mau te whakarewatanga angitu tuatahi wahi i roto i Hānuere 1987. Heoi, kua tonu whakamātautau o ngā pūnaha onboard. Tae noa 1992, te OKB "Star" ki kamupene e pā ana pau tetahi 13 tīmata. Homai te kore o te pūnaha hihiani kaha tino o te tauira, i rite rawa nga missiles whakamātautau me tona ia peehia.

Nā ki te parariraa o te USSR me te maha o ngā raruraru ohaoha mahi X-35 ngā mutu te kaupapa. I roto i te wā i 1992 ki te 1997 ki te hanga me te whakamatautau i te katoa o wha Momo. iti hoki Defence moni, na i hanga te tikanga tuatahi o te matatini "Uran" pere ki te X-35 e te kiritaki ke.

"Uran-E"

I roto i te 1994, ka whakahau te Indian Navy te matatini Russian "Uran-E". Ko te reta "E" oznachat taua putanga tenei kaweake. pūnaha pere Shipborne ngā: he Pūwhakarewa pere, me taputapu whakahaere ki te manatoko pūnaha hāmanu. Ka taea te tāuta te reira i runga i nga mea katoa o kaipuke me poti. Kei te Pūwhakarewa o te anga whakarewa rite rawa ki ngā āpitihanga mo nga oko. Riro ana te hoahoa e te X-35 tīmata tākirirangi i te koki o 35 nekehanga.

pūnaha mana aunoa ki nei e whakaritea mahi pere whakamātautau, te mahi tāuru, me ētahi atu ngā mahi whakamana i roto i te puka o te rua o ngā. Tenei taea ki a koe Maunga taputapu i runga i tetahi kaipuke e tika ana, me te poti. Ko tētahi ipu he 15, me te tahi atu - 5 m ^2.

Ngā mihi ki te tono Indian, te whanaketanga ano kua oti, ka tīmata production rangatū o missiles. I roto i te tau 1996, i te kiritaki tuatahi wāhanga o te matatini kua whakawhitia i te mutunga o te taua tau i mutu i te mahi o te patu missiles X-35 kaipahua INS Delhi. I roto i te heke mai, kua riro taua patu e rave rahi kaipuke Indian.

I roto i te tīmatanga o te rau tau 2000, kua puta ke te āhuatanga ki te pūtea o te Forces Armed mo te pai. Ka rite ki te hua, i te 2003, i oti te matatini "Uran" pere ki te X-35, ka whāngai e Russia.

"Ball"

I pā ana ki te wa ano e rite ana "Uranus" tomo mahi ki te Navy, oti te whanaketanga o pūru Kazakhstan "Bal", ko wai hoki mahi ki te X-35 tākirirangi. Ko te mahi ngā te aroturuki pūru o nga wai rohe me te korero katoa o whakaurunga moana. Nā ki te whānui o taea matatini "Ball" ngā wā kitea me kaipuke whakaeke hoariri.

Ko te nekeneke tiketike o te matatini he tika ki te meka e kua hanga ona wāhanga matua i roto i te puka o mihini whaiaro-tīhokatia hanga i runga i te pūtake o MAZ-7930. Ka taea te tohatoha i te matatini i te tawhiti o te 10 kiromita i te uta. Ko tōna katoa kawenga kariri o 64 missiles.

putanga rererangi

I roto i te waenganui-2000 hua i roto i te whanaketanga o te rererangi kē Kh-35 missiles. Kua he putanga motuhake ki te pīmuri "B" Kua whakaarohia hoki topatopa. Ko tōna rerekētanga matua ko te aroaro o te booster. I hangaia te reira ki te whakatau i te tere iti o te waka. Rocket whakarewahia e te i te rererangi, e kore e te whakatere hiahia.

putanga kiato

I roto i te 2011, kua whakawhanakehia te Pūwhakarewa kua hoki te Kh-35, ke ana rite te ipu 20-waewae. Roto tāuta wha ipu waka-whakarewanga ki missiles me te huinga katoa o te taputapu e hiahiatia ana mō te mana. He aha e nga opuaraa o tenei kaupapa, he unknown tonu reira.

X-35U

Ko te whanaketanga o te X-35 tākirirangi ko te putanga o te X-35U, i te mea rua nga whakawhetai tere ki te whakataki o te taputapu hou. I tua atu, ka taea e pai te patua ai te hoariri i te tawhiti o te 260 km. tutuki tenei katoa i whakawhetai ki te pūkaha hou, me te waihanga rangi horomanga hongere, e taea ana ki te whakapiki ake i te supply o wahie.

I te 2009, i whanau ai i te putanga ake o te X-35U, i riro he taupū atu "E". I te tikanga reira mo te hoko ki waho. Ko te rerekētanga matua te pūnaha tauira arata'iraa hou, i nui haere rapunga ngā ake ki te 50 kiromita.

kaiwhakamahi

I te kau, te Kh-35 ngā i kōrero matou i tenei ra, Kei te nuinga whakamahia i roto i te ope patu o Russia, India ko Vietnam. Ki te rā, e rave rahi rau o enei missiles i hanga. Ki te whakaaro ki kiritaki ke, he hiahia ake i roto i nga complexes e hāngai ana kaipuke-ratou. e kore te mea ano pūnaha pere Aircraft "Uran" pere ki te X-35 i roto i te tono i roto i täwahi,. E ai ki etahi puna ke, i tāruatia te tākirirangi Russian e kaihoahoa Te Tai Tokerau Korean. Ki te he pono tenei, na ko reira taea e Te Tai Tokerau Korea hanga pere, me mo te hoko, e te tikanga e taea te patu e ratou ki atu āhua i te te mohiotia ai, kia rite ki raraunga e pā ana.