Harakeke Kukushkin: hanganga me te whakaputa uri

muka Kukushkin - he tipu e ko i te rohe o te Russian Federation he tino noa i roto i te ngahere o here raki, me te waenganui. āhuatanga pai hoki reira puta i roto i ngahere repo-dolgomoshnikah Boreal, waimaori me Marehekepa mākū. Ko te tipu no ki te puninga o pūkohu, ki te Tari o bryophytes. I runga i te ao ka kitea te i runga i te rau o ona momo. Kukushkin muka, e hanga he pūreirei pincushion, maha kitea i roto i te Tundra me i te whenua pukepuke. Ko te whakamahia tino whānui i roto i te whenua Kihi i politrihum noa (te ingoa tuarua o te tipu).

faufaa rahi o te ra

Ko te tino aroha o te marama harakeke Kukushkin. Ko te aha i roto i te ngahere puruhi pouri, ara, ki te he makuku me te momona te oneone i reira, ka kia iti te reira i roto i te tupu me te whanaketanga. A, no te he nui rawaka o te rā kei te tere totoro te tipu, kaha horahanga ki ngā wāhi hou, me te kati i te whāriki mätotoru o te oneone. maroke Whenua i raro i Kukushkin harakeke atu āta, i te mea he aha tona whaanui āta arata'i ki ngā wāhi mākū.

whakaahuatanga

Moss Kukushkin harakeke kua he, kaua roroa kakau (o ratou roa - 10-15 cm, engari i reira e ano sorokasantimetrovye otaota). whakarato te pūnaha conductive nekehanga o te wai me te matūkai i roto i te kakau.

Origin o te ingoa

tipu whakaahuatia kua tika kakau tae hāurakaho. Ko ratou rau iti, he matomato pouri i roto i te tae, e rite muka iti. Ko te pouaka e puta i runga i nga otaota wahine, te marea rōpū ki te koekoea, Kei runga i te ahua o pou.

Hanganga Kukushkin harakeke

Whakaaro te tipu no ki te tau maha o talingelingá pururu. He nui ona taha, i roto i te wahi o raro o te kakau he rhizoids - analogues pakiaka i tahito ra. I roto i te rau kakau whakapae tuatahi kahore. Ka taea e kakau Tuarua kia rite ohie branched ranei. Ko whakatū, roa reo ia - i roto i rima henimita. Ia whārangi kua he rua nui matua. kua he rau tauine-rite raro Kukushkin muka, i te mea he hanganga nui ohie,.

mahi kakau

Ko te tūranga matua o tenei wahi o te tipu - whanau. E rite nui ko te kaha o te whakahaere kakau. E ohipa te reira te takawaenga i waenganui i nga rau, me te pūnaha pakiaka. Kakau mahi etahi mahi tuarua. I roto ia ratou - te tiaki o ngā matūkai rāhui.

Reproduction me te whanaketanga

Te tipu horahia i roto i te ara e whai ake nei: sex (tohuhema) me asexually (pua, tupu). hohoko ratou.

Ka rite ki whakamahatia reira Kukushkin harakeke tipu? Pua e hanga he tipu he sporangia (pouaka) i runga i te waewae. I muri i te matuatanga e ringihia e ratou i tenei toa tūturu. I raro i ngā āhuatanga pai, puka pua miro multicellular, a reira, i roto i tahuri, puta ahua gametophytes (puta tenei i te hua). tau matomato Gametophyte whakaaro Rere he rau me rhizoids (hanganga kornepodobnye). Ko te tango whakamutunga o te tote oneone, me te konutawa. whakarato Leaf pūtau he ariā o te tahi atu matū e tika ana katoa. I tenei kaupapa, ka taea te tohe i te reira e te gametophyte ko te tinana motuhake.

I muri i te i te gametophyte mutu to ratou tupu. Na ka tīmata tupuranga harakeke Kukushkin. I roto i te pokapū o te rau-rīpene (wāhi - i runga i te tihi o te wana) whakawhanake tane me okana sex wahine. Tuatahi aroaro antheridia (mai te ingoa i te kupu Kariki "Anteros", e te tikanga "korōria"), e ko te huringa whanaketanga neke tohuhema - parāoa me te archegonium - okana sex wahine e te hunga kawenga mo te hanganga o te tohuhema wahine whakaritea - hua manu.

Kei te āhuatanga e te aroaro o rau nui, pania i roto i ngā tipu tane te tae kōwhai-parauri. tauira Wahine o nga rau i.

Ki runga ki te takanga o te wa ua spermatozoa waipuke (pūtau tane) ranei e taea e ki te kauhoe ki te hua manu. Ka rite ki te hua, coalesce ratou. Runga ki te whakaotinga o te tukanga o te kikiritanga puta te whakatō kākano (mai te kupu i te Kariki "zigotos", e whakamāoritanga rite "hono"). Ko te wāhanga tuatahi o te whanaketanga kukune tenei. Te tau e whai ake nei, i te whakatō kākano wairakau ko te pouaka whanaketanga (sporogonia), kei runga i te tika kakau roa , kahore rau. riro pouaka i muri te wahi o te tautohe. Ko reira he tino pakarukaru te rokiroki tūturu. Te reira i piu ara i roto i te hau. I muri i te pirau o te potae, me te mate o te germination spore matomato kitea whānui miro - predrostka. Kia mōhio e hoki te hua angitu ko reira tika e kua tomo nga pua ki te taiao pai mo ratou, i roto i tenei take, tupu uri Kukushkin harakeke.

I te predrostke i hanga puku, o nei i reira he tauira tane, he wahine o ngā tipu. Ko te kupu, Ka taea e kite tatou e te huringa ora o talingelingá ngā riiwhitanga o whakatupuranga tōkai me te takoto. I roto i te kukuwhatanga o tenei āhuatanga ko ki te whakawhanake i roto i te tipu maha, tae atu ki te muka me te Kukushkin.

Reproduction o tenei momo o pūkohu vegetatively hanga reira ngāwari ki te tiki i te whāriki matomato matotoru i runga i te wahi. hoatu noa e koe he wahi iti o pūkohu i runga i te wāhi haukū. Heoi, kia tango tetahi ki pūkete te kaha o te tipu ki mākū rohe o to ratou noho.

Mā te whakamahi i te whānuitanga o ngā take

Ki te tango koe i te rau i Kukushkin muka, ka taea e te tiki e koe kakawaea mārō ngāwari i hanga e te pokapū ngā tātā. whakamahia matou matua te rauemi māori mō te hanga o brushes me bNgā Rūma. I muri i waiwai me te haamataraa ka papapa e he pūtake pai mo whariki, kaitutei, kete, me pihi iwa. Ko reira taa'eraa e i roto i noho tonu te arearenga o te pa Roma Early i Ingarangi o kete hanga i Kukushkin harakeke i kitea. Products tuhia 86 tau AD.

Mua Kei te whānui whakamahia Kukushkin harakeke i roto i te hanga o raincoats hoia me haere. whakanuia nga kakahu hua i ngā kaha. I tua atu, i ratou i te uara whakapaipai.

tohutohu tohunga ki te whakamahi i tenei momo o pūkohu mo te whakaora o te pūnaha kūnatu, faaore cramps puku, me te tareka kohatu tākihi me te kawa tōngāmimi.

muka Kukushkin, taea te whakamahi i te hanganga o nei i roto i te ahuone mō ngā take whakapaipai, pānga pai i runga i te oneone. Na, e taea tenei whakato arahi ki nga kuputohu o oneone auau kawatanga o te mōrahi o taima e rua. I muri i taua, ko te remediation o oneone e taea e pai tupu tetahi otaota kari. pūkohu mahi wahi mate hei tongi pai.

Ko te tono Kukushkin harakeke ahua tino rerekē - rite i roto i te hanga o te morota wehikē.

mātao tūturu

tōtika e taea Kukushkin harakeke tiaki te hanganga ki te kătahi o matao, me te makuku. Tino nui hounga'ia te meka e kore e pūkohu pirau. Whakatakoto i te reira i waenganui i te roko rangitaki taea ventilation tūturu. Ki tenei mutunga, whakamahia te pūkohu e i roto i te puka hou. I mua i te whakapanga iho o mātao tūturu me ata horoia o manga, rakau, te mahuetanga, tarutaru, me te tahi atu inclusions.

pūkohu sphagnum

Tenei te tipu no ki te ma (Peat) talingelingá puninga. Tohaina 320 o ona momo. Kei te nuinga sphagnum pūkohu repo fakafofonga'i e taua puka tautau mātotoru, hanga he urunga nui ranei kaitutei matotoru i roto i repo sphagnum. Otiia i roto i nga ngahere takawai he nui sphagnum iti noa. harakeke Kukushkin Ko te tipu fakamanatu tona kakau tu, pa kotahi tekau ki te rua tekau henemita i roto i te tiketike. Rau sphagnum unilamellar, whakanohoia ki runga ki bunchy kei manga. Kei roto i te rau i te rota o te wai-amo pūtau ki kōputaputa, kaha absorbs wai. Tenei meka ai nui kaha wai o te tipu. I roto i ngā wāhi i reira i reira ko nga talingelingá, tere te whanake repo.

Katoa tau i reira ko te pakoko haere o te kakau i te raro o te tipu. hanga ratou i te Peat. tupu atu ko manga kakau apical.

Kia mahara taua sphagnum whai wāhi nui i roto i te hanganga me te oraraa o te waimaori. Ka rite ki tohua i runga ake, i hanga te wāhi mate putunga Peat pūkohu. Ko taea Peat hanganga e tika ana ki whakaroau waterlogged, whakarato pūkohu te taiao waikawa me te kore o te hāora. I raro i enei tikanga, e kore e tukanga pirau puta, e kore e sphagnum hanehane. Peat Ko te hua nui, i nei te ware pi, haukini, parawini, waipiro, t. D. reira Kei te whānui whakamahia i roto i te mahi hauora i roto i te hanga. Moss mahi rite biofuels me tongi whai hua.

sphagnum pehea whai hua?

He maha tohutao iwi me te rongoā e pā ana ngā tenei wae. Na katoa no te mea te pūkohu sphagnum - he nui rongoā, me te pono , kauaka. E tauturu te reira ki te whakaora i te tunga hakihaki tika ki tona kaha ki te takanga mai nui o makuku. E ai ki tenei sphagnum tohu taea te momo pai o te miro absorbent. taea ki te whakaputa i pānga bactericidal tenei pūkohu ko e tika ana ki te sfagnola aroaro - fenolopodobnogo matū motuhake tautāwhi i te tupu me te ora mahi o Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae, Staphylococcus pene, Salmonella me ētahi atu microorganisms pathogenic.

E mātātoa kaiahuwhenua whakamahi sphagnum ki te whāinga o houseplants tipu. Ko reira he wāhanga o te tïpako, apa ngoue ranei rave te mahi waikeri. e kore he taonga i roto i ngā matūkai pūkohu, engari homai te reira i te looseness whenua e hiahiatia ana. Sphagnum hygroscopic pai e tika ana ki tona kaha ki te tuwha makuku mea whakanoho iho. Ko te sfagnola aroaro ai āhuatanga bactericidal o tenei momo o pūkohu e taea tōtika te tiaki o nga pakiaka o te tipu matua, te ārai i te whanaketanga o te mate, me te pirau.