Helicopter "Robinson": āhuatanga, whakaahua, tere. Flying i roto i te waka "Robinson"

atekōkiri Rare, kotahi i roto i te tāmi waka roa, kihai amuamu e hapa i tona motokā te kaha ki te tango atu, ka rere i runga i te puru. maha atu Rawa hōhā o waka i roto i te take, ina he utu neke atu i te moni i te wa. puta tenei āhuatanga i roto i te iwi e whakahaere moni nui mo e te mutunga ki te hui pakihi e taea tahuri ki te parekura nui. Ka rite ki te tikanga, te hoko utu waka kaipakihi angitu. A ka kitea e tatou he otinga. Helicopter "Robinson" i runga i tona utu ko te pai i roto i te whānuitanga utu o te whakahaere piha motokā mō te whakamarie ko kore iho ki "Cadillac," a ka mohio ia kahore raruraru waka.

hoahoa

Kua puta waka rererangi mō te whakamahi whaiaro i roto i te Te Hau-ā-uru i mua, engari i mua i ratou e wātea ana anake ki te iwi rawa taonga. I roto i te eighties o te rau tau rua tekau, mau te US u Robinson Helicopter te tirohanga o te mākete rererangi tūmataiti iti ka timata te whakawhanake i te toparere tauira e taea whakakiia te piha haapiiraa waenganui motuhake kiritaki. I roto i te meka, i mahara ai ki te waiho i te "e rere motokā", e, i roto i te tua ki te pairati, i taea e pai toru ranei wha pāhihi ki te tueke. I roto i Amerika, maha haere te iwi i runga i o ratou waka, te upooti'araa tawhiti o runga ki nga mano o kiromita, ka i he tawhiti taua tatau "Robinson". Te topatopa, i roto i te tua ki enei whakaritenga, kia rite ki te āhuatanga nui rewera, me te tahi atu: ngāwari whāwhā me te ako te whakamätau i, economical kohi wahie, te ora ratonga roa, tiaki ngāwari, tika, haumaru whakamarie, me te. Ū ki enei tikanga katoa i roto i te motokā taua - kahore mahi ngāwari, me te tari hoahoa o te kamupene i ki te mahi pakeke. ka mau te reira i tata te tekau tau ki te whakawhanake i te waka. I te tau 1990, i te tikanga rite i roto i o nga tau kua reira kua tohu me kua whakaurua ki te mākete iti atu i te tahi atu rererangi e rua i te waka "Robinson" tauira tuatahi R44.

Āhuatanga hoahoa

Ko te faaauraa ki te motokā mai ki te ngakau i muri tonu te whakaminenga ki te raraunga rererangi mahi o te rererangi. Helicopter "Robinson" ata whakaaro tika i runga i te ton ki te wahie, te pairati, pāhihi me ratou tueke. hāngai āhua tenei ki te taimaha "Zhiguley" utaina. Ko te wahie i roto i te waka tauā o 185 rita te whakanohoia, i te mea nui mō te toru ranei wha me te hawhe haora 650 kiromita o whati ranei. e kore te mea Heoi, te hunga e i roto i te ora ki te mahi ki nga tikanga o te waka rererangi iti, e mohio e rere ki tou ūnga nui, me hoki e taea ki te whenua ki reira tatou. Na titau te rererangi (ki te e te rere wahi i runga i te waka rererangi) he turanga e tika ana (waka) ranei tenei. Ko te wahi neke atu i te kotahi tekau mita, te tapeke āhuatanga whānui te diameter o te rotor "Robinson" - 11,75 m, engari e kore e tenei tikanga i te mea e mea ohie ki te hoatu i runga i tetahi waka rererangi, rohe e te roa, me etahi atu kararehe. Heoi, nga tikanga o te whakatō i te whakaritenga o tenei mīhini ko rite ohie rite taea e tika ana ki tetahi atu āhuatanga hoahoa - ko te tiketike o te tīwiri, kia neke atu i toru mita i runga ake i te whenua, me te tūponotanga hopu ratou mo etahi fakafaingata'a'ia'anga iti. I roto i te mau parau te tahi atu, e kore e te toparere "Robinson" i roto i te pae tauranga rite rawa e hiahiatia ana.

Secrets powerplant

hangaia te mīhini kei te rite ki te kaupapa puāwaitanga ki kotahi kawe me kotahi hurirere urungi (tikanga paremata) he tīwiri tikanga i runga i te kurupae. Kei te tipu te mana kei te i muri i te kapa, me te ngā i te nekeneke ki te taputapu. pato pūkaha, i runga i te putanga rānei, kia kia 540 IO-e-540 Lycoming ranei - i roto i te wā e rua, nui te mana maha 260 horsepower; maha o ngā ipurau - ono. I roto i te fare o te toparere ko ngā ata. Ko te mea ngaro o te taumata haruru iti, ratonga roanga ora me te tika tiketike o te tipu te mana ngā o hapanga, i.e. te headroom mana. mahi te reira "hawhe-heartedly", kahore ruwha, e tahi ki ngā whakamahi o ngā rauemi (tae atu hiato), te whakarite haruru iti, a me nui haere ātete kākahu, arata'i ki hua tino pai.

whakahaere

waka topatopa torutoru, kia ngohengohe ki te pairati rite "Robinson". Kei te hangaia te waka mo te pairati kotahi, engari, ki te tika, e noho ki te matau o te pāhihi e taea te tango i runga i te Hekenga. Ki te mahi i tenei, he reira nui ki te tahuri i te puku, mana (te akoranga huringa) i roto i tona taha, ka whakamahi rātou ake hua te ware whakatikatika me te taurima, i mahue rawa ki e rua nohoanga mua. rite rawa kore nga toparere iti-mua te ki te mana rua-mahi, engari he mea nui pehea ki te whakapai ake i te haumaru, me te i roto i te whakangungu o kaiurungi, e he maha nga tangata o waka.

mahi rere

Ia rererangi tata e tohunga plurality o ngā tawhā whāinga whanganga i roto i te whika. Ko te kupu, ko te kaha ki te whakahaere i te mīhini i roto i ahopae raki nga tropics ranei whakatakoto ana te whānuitanga pāmahana i roto i te mea haumaru te rere. whakaaro tatou i te tauira hangarau ko reira whānui - i -30 ° C ki te + 40 ° C, i nei e taea e tatou e faaoti e pā ana ki te taea o tona mahi tata te rohe katoa o Russia. Ipu (i.e., noa whakahaere) he āhua rite ki te 110 maile ia haora (i roto i ngā waeine tangohia i roto i te United States) tere o te toparere "Robinson" ranei matou o 177 km / h, engari kia tae 190 i roto i te afterburner. Ki te whakaaro tatou te tika o ta te trajectory, nga hua o te waka rangi hei kitea. teitei Mōrahi huaina kairererangi tuanui, tae 4250 mita, engari te nuinga o te mea i raro, i runga i tetahi, me te hawhe mano, i runga i nei te tino economical wahie kohi toparere "Robinson". Ngā āhuatanga whakawhirinaki i runga i te tauira me te tohu o te ora whakatupuranga mahi.

akatuke'anga

Robinson kamupene Helicopter i roto i ngā o te hanga he uaua ki te whakarite ki taua "tohorā" o te ahumahi rererangi American rite "Boeing", "Sikorsky" ranei "McDonnell Douglas". tae te angitu arumoni o te kamupene i roto i matatau mapi wāhanga mākete o rererangi iti. Heoi, e kore e tenei tikanga i te tikanga e ona hua anake hoki kiritaki tūmataiti, ka whiwhi i te reira me ngä pokapü käwanatanga (hei tauira, pirihimana), a kahore noa American. I roto i te tikanga ki te tae hua te kiritaki nui o te tūāwhiorangi whitu putanga "Robinson" topatopa:

- "Astro" - powered e e-540.

- "Raven" - tauira arumoni ki te engine whakapakaritia e-540-F1B5 i runga i te reti whakarewa e taea te tu i te tauranga i runga i ngā mata tino pakeke.

- "Clipper" - manu putanga (gidrovertolet).

- "Raven II» - kua IO-540-AE1A5 engine Werohanga. I tua atu, kei te hanga nga matatahi hurirere whānui. whakawhānui hoki kaha whakatere e tukua te rere ki iti kore ranei te aritanga.

- "Clipper II» - te taua "Raven II» i roto i te gidrovariante.

- "Aue-Eph Ara-Trainer" - te ingoa titau rite, te tauira mātauranga, rite rawa ki te taputapu katoa e tika ana.

- "Polis II» - he motokā mo te pirihimana, rite rawa i runga i.

Whakamarietia me te haumaru

e kore he tino rerekē i haere ki te motokā tikanga i runga i te ara pai e rere ana i roto i te waka "Robinson". Nohoanga watea hanga raro pouaka tueke. Ko Glazing hoki hari, a kahore noa te pairati (tenei pātai kua he uara utilitarian hoki ia: pai tirohanga whānui, te māmā he reira ki te whakatere i te wāhi), engari ano hoki pāhihi e e hiahia noa.

Ko te ati ki te wahi i, tino vai te reira, engari ko te āhua tawhiti iti iho i te ka neke ki ētahi atu momo o te waka. e kore te mea Ahakoa kore engine maha arata'i ki nunu'a fakamamahi - he āhuatanga e kore noa te "Robinson" (a ko reira tino ngāwari), engari i roto i te whānui o nga waka topatopa katoa e taea te hanga he taunga āhua ngohengohe tika ki te huringa inertial o te rotor (i huaina autorotation).

Nuinga o ngā wā i tēnei momo o cars whiwhi i roto i ngā aituā e tika ki te iti whakangungu o kaiurungi, ratonga ta'etotonú ranei.

mākete tuarua

utu wheketere i roto i te US "Robinson R-44" he utu e pā ana ki $ 300 mano. I roto i te tirohanga o te tawhē me tikanga whakawātea utu o te kaihoko, he reira i roto i tae Russia 450 mano. akiaki i te utu nui taua tangata pea rapu mō huarahi ki te whakaora moni na roto i te hoko i te taputapu e tika ana i runga i te mākete tuarua, te wahi e taea te hanga e koe i te hoko, te aufauraa i i 270 ki te 400 mano US tara. O nga waka topatopa kotahi tekau e iwa hokona taua ara, ehara i te mea he okotahi me te toparere "Robinson". Whakaahua o te taputapu e whakaarohia e kore e mea nui, nui atu nui ko te kohinga o ngā raraunga i runga i te ora mahi o ngā waeine me te tau whānui. Time i waenganui i overhauls kore e taea nui 2,200 haora (nei, ratau kore he cheap, -. E whai ki te utu e pā ana ki $ 60 mano). kia utu reira ano whakarongo ki te toenga o te rauemi o ia o nga wae, rawa te utu tino. Ko te take i kore e kaihanga rererangi a tawhio noa te hua taketake ao i te hoko o te taputapu, me wehe i tona supply o wāhanga me Whakapau.