Kiato raima: momo tātaitanga kiato

Ko te kiato o te raima - ko tetahi o nga āhuatanga nui o tenei rauemi, i te mea he hanganga tino kaha. He maha ngā painga, engari i reira he he drawback, whakahuatia i roto i te taimaha nui. Ki enei ngaio hoatu ake i te wā o te hoahoa me te hanganga. Ko te tika tenei āhuatanga ki te whakaaro atu raima, me te disassembly, i roto i te tukanga o te tuuraki.

I roto i te mahi, kua whakamahia whānuitia te raima i roto i te ahumahi e kore anake, engari ano hoki i roto i te hanga tūmataiti. Whakapaia te ranunga e taea kia takitahi rite armature me te hono mā te whakamahi i te waea motuhake mō te hanga i te hanganga raima whakapakaritia. Ko te hua ko te hoahoa roa, me te pakari.

Ko te momo matua o te raima

Ka taea te rerekē te kiato o te raima, e ka whakaawe i runga i te hanganga o te otinga. Ahakoa tei te taimaha i runga i te kiato. Whakarōpūtia whakapakaritia ïa i runga i tenei āhuatanga, he mea e tika ana ki te tohatoha, i roto i etahi atu:

• rawa taimaha;
• taimaha;
• Kōmāmā;
• raima ono tekau.

he iti ki te 2500 kg / m ^3, i te mea he uara faahiahia te kiato o te raima i roto i te take tuatahi. I roto i te metarahi, tenei ahua o te raima whakamahia. Ka taea e roto i te formulations te puriwāhi e whai ake nei:

• magnetite;
• limonite;
• barite.

kiato raima

I te mea ahua raro taimaha kiato raima, he reira 2,200 kg / m ^3. atu kirikiri mua, mongamonga rauemi kohatu i roto i taua kai, a pera atu. Ka ara raro te kiato o te raima, ki te he te reira i te raima ono tekau. Tenei raima taimaha ki te ngā whakarewa me te i roto i-rererangi. I roto i tenei take ka hei te tawhā o te moni 1800 kg / m ^3.

Ko te kiato o te raima Kōmāmā

concretes Kōmāmā i te mātotoru o 500 kg / m ^3. Tēnei tautuhinga Ko paru whakawhānui angamaheni, pūtau, Onemata me te terei raima. whakarei tēnei rauemi te ngā. Ko te kiato toharite o te raima tei kore anake i runga i te hanganga, engari ano hoki i runga i te tikanga o te makanga. Ki te raungaitia te ranunga tonu wai kei te whakamahi i te mīhini vibratory, te piki kiato e 100 kg / m ^3.

tātaitanga o te kiato

Ko te kiato o te raima, te momo o e kua whakaahuatia i runga, kia takoto ai ki te mo te pūtake, te rahi o te otinga i roto i ngā wae o te papatipu. kia waho i te wai i te tātai, i te mea kua 28 nga ra tino whakaeto i te ngohi. ka whiwhi tenei te uara tangohia o te kiato o te Monolith.

I te tahi taime whakamahi kaihanga raraunga toharite, ki te mohio tatou i te kōeke o te raima. Hei tauira, mō te kōeke e rerekē M-200 te kiato roto i te whānuitanga o 2385 ki te 2400 kg / m ^3, mea hoki momo M-250 Ka rerekē tenei uara i 2390 ki te 2405 kg / m ^3. Hoki tohu M-300, M-e 350 ko M-400 kiato ka waiho i roto i te whānui i 2400 ki te 2415; i 2405 ki te 2420, me te i 2410 ki te 2430 kg / m ^3, aua.

Ki te hiahia koe i te kiato motuhake o raima, ka kia mohio koutou e i runga i te pānga i te taimaha o te mita pūtoru ake me ngā kaupapa. Ko te reira i te maha e kore anake o rakau, engari ratou wāhanga. Ēnei tautuhinga tukua ki a koe te tautuhi i te rōrahi ā-nohoia e te ngā. ka taea e koe te kawe i roto i ngā tātaitanga papatipu. I runga anō i aha me te ahua o te raima, ka taea te whakamahi o rerekē rakau diameter. Ki te whakaaro ki to ratou türanga, kia tū ratou i te tetahi tawhiti i ia atu.

I roto i te tikanga ki te mohio te kiato o te raima whakapakaritia, e kore te mea e tika ana tika motuhake, na te nui o te ngā taea te tangohia petipeti. Ko te kupu, ko te hanga o ara raima me pavings te tikanga whakamahia 8-mm rahi ngā mata 200 mm. I roto i te kotahi mita tapawha o te rauemi e kia puritia ki te 16 m tokotoko, a ki te tae te kiato o te maitai 7850 kg / m ^3, ka kia rite ki te 6.3 kg te papatipu armature.

A, no te haere mai te reira ki te kurupae whakapae ki te papa tautoko me turanga, te diameter armature tikanga rerekē i 12 ki te 16 mm. heke te rahi pūtau te ki 180 mm, me te noho tonu i te roa whānui tonu. I roto i tenei take, te nui rohe papatipu armature o 14 ki te 25.2 kg. No te kurupae cantilever me papa armature diameter ko waenganui i 16 me 18 mm, he pono tenei ki te he rite ki te 130 mm te rahi pūtau. Ko te roa tapeke o te armature 1 m ³ o te raima, ka e 49 m, i roto i nei take e rerekē te papatipu ngā i 77,3 ki 97,8 kg.

Ko te kiato o te waihanga anō

Ko reira tika ki te whakaaro hoki te kōwhiringa o taiepa poutū me tīwae. I roto i tenei take, te diameter o te armature e taea e rite ki te rohe o 14 ki te 18 mm, ka te nui o ngā pūtau i roto i te 130 mm. tonu te roa tapeke o nga taua, engari e kia rite ki te rohe o 59,2 ki 97,8 kg te taimaha.

Ka rite ki matau koutou e taea te whakaritea te maha o whare me densities te taimaha o tetahi mita pūtoru o raima. Mai i te kupiki tautuhia e te rōrahi toharite, e no ni'ai te rakau maitai. I te pae hopea, i whiwhi ai te rōrahi o te raima te, na kua nui haere nga tau i runga i te rahi o ia rauemi, ā, e honoa mai nga hua.

Tātaitanga o kiato runga te whitiki tauira whakapakaritia turanga raima

Kiato raima (kg / m3) e taea te tatau i te hi'oraa o te turanga rīpene i hanga e te o te kōeke raima M-300. I roto i tenei take, whakamahia matou 16mm tokotoko. I te wā tuatahi te rōrahi nohoia e te armature i roto i te mita pūtoru o rauemi. Ki te mahi i tenei, te whakamahi i te tātai e whai ake nei: π · r2 · L = 3,14 · (0,008) 2 = 0.003 · 16 m ^3.

Ko te kupu, e raima 0,997 m ³ te ^kupenga. Ki te tātai i te taimaha o te whakaū tokotoko kia whakanuia uara 0,003h7850, i te pae hopea e taea ki te tiki 23.6 kg, ia me tātai te papatipu o te raima i whakanuia 0,997h2400. Ko te tātai tukua ki a tatou mahino e te papatipu o te raima ko 2392,8 kg. Kia ka whakarapopototia nga uara, ka taea e tetahi whiwhi kiato raima, ka titiro rite enei tātai whai: 23.6 + 2392.8 = 2416 kg / m e whakamana ³ .Ko whawhe i te wā o te hoahoa o te kawenga whare turanga.

Mōhiohio e pā ana te kiato o te raima

Me mohiotia raima whakapakaritia me kiato raima ki te kaihanga. Ki te kua whakaahuatia te uara tuatahi kua i roto i te taipitopito i runga, kia kōrero tonu i te tuarua. Ko te tohu matua mō te mahi raima ko te tauhohenga ki te taurite me te kōpeketanga, me te kaha. Enei whakaritenga whakahaere i te kiato, i te mea he taupū tinana whakaritea e wehewehe taimaha i te rōrahi.

Ko te noa ki te whakamahi i te uara toharite o tenei tawhā te hanga, no te mea kei te awe reira e ngā āhuatanga, i roto i nei:

• te kounga me te nui o te filler;
• ahua o te filler;
• wai hanganga;
• te tohu o te witi o te onepu.

nga momo matua o te Kiato raima

whakamahia te kiato ware i whakatau i te āhuatanga me awhe whakaaro, i roto i nei wehea te rauemi ki te 4 momo. Hei tauira, concretes taimaha i te kiato ki runga ake 2500 kg / m ^3. Kei te hanga tenei hanganga i te taima, ore rino, maitai e mau, magnesite, a kahore te whakamahia hoki te mahi hanga o te mahere tuku iho. Ko e tika ana hoki te haumarutanga o tenei kiato nui, na tenei raima whakamahia mo te hanganga o waihanga motuhake. Ko te iti taupū kiato toharite tata nei te mea i raro i te uara o te 500 kg / m ^3. he whakatinanatanga pērā o te rauemi e whakamahia ana rite te tuuraa i taima. Ka taea te whakatau tata te māramatanga oti atu o nga rerekētanga raima i roto i te mātotoru, rama me ngā momo, me te he mara hi'oraa maitai o te whakamahi i te tai'oraa i te mōhiohio i raro.

raima Rawa taimaha, i kawea i roto i tukuna ki runga ake, kia whai i te rama e whai ake nei: M550, M600, M700, M800, M900, M1000. raima taumaha he kiato i roto i te whānui i 1800 ki te 2500 kg / m ^3, te rauemi e whakamahia ana mo te hanganga tautoko o te momo turanga. kia rama taua raima e whai ake: M350, M450, M500. raima Kōmāmā he kiato i roto i te whānuitanga o i 500 ki te 1800 kg / m ^3, kia whakaritea ^te tohu i te momotuhi whai: M200, M250, M300. Rawa concretes Kōmāmā he mātotoru o 500 kg / m ^3, me o ratou tohu he rite whai: M15, M50, M75, M100, M 150 te whakamahia tenei ahua o te rauemi ki te hanga i te apa mātao waiariki, me te hanga i te taiepa.

mutunga

I puai - te huinga o te parahi, me te raima, e he āhuatanga ahurei. Mauroa, tika me te mauroa o te rauemi e whakaaetia ki a ia riro whānui i roto i te ahumahi hanga. A, no te hoahoa waihanga e hāngai ana i runga i ngā āhuatanga maha, kia rite ki tetahi o ratou tu kiato raima t / m3 ranei kg / m ³ - tenei nui tinana, e te whakaae ki te ine i tenei tawhā. Hei tauira, ki te matau koutou ki te kiato, i te mea e rite ana ki te 2200 kg / m ^3, he reira taea ki te iriti i tenei uara ara i roto i tana ia mita pūtoru. I roto i tenei take, ko te 2.2 tenei uara.