Ko te tauhohenga polymerization

Waerau - pūhui e whai he taimaha rāpoi tiketike e rave rahi mano o ngā waeine pa. Ko te tauhohenga polymerization ko te pūtake o ngā rauemi hou te fariiraa i mahi rerekē me ngā āhuatanga. Ko ratou i te kiato iti e tino roa, taea ki te fakamolū ka wera, me te ngāwari hi'a ki niao, e taea ana ki te whiwhi hua o ngā hoahoa me te rahi. E e mangere ki taiao ha'iriiri nga waerau, riro āhuatanga tuuraa i hiko, me te kore e waikura. Nā ki ona āhuatanga ahurei, e taea te ngāwari whakaritea i te wā o te kōtuitui, kei te whakawhānui tonu te whakamahi o ngā rauemi polymeric hou.

A, no te whakawera me tautauā o nga hua o te hanga matū tikanga i roto i ara e rua.

Etahi tamarû ka wera, me te whakapakeke ka matao ano. Taua rauemi ngā hua teuteu e hāngai ana e takoto, mo te tauira, te tauhohe polymerization o ngā waiwaro rua, i.e., polyethylene me te polypropylene. E huaina ratou rauemi rewarau. He āhuatanga rite rite polyvinyl pūhaumāota me te terei.

hana kotahi anake waerau o tetahi momo ai, mai whakapakeke ratou i muri i tautauā me te ake kore e fakamolū i raro i whakawera. E huaina ēnei rauemi rewatau, ngā ratou phenol-formaldehyde resins Urea-formaldehyde ranei. Thermoplastics me thermosets i ratou painga. hua tuatahi i roto i te puka potakataka. O ratou, i muri i te para me te fakamolū tūemi rite o tetahi āhua, engari e kore e taea te hana ratou i roto i te mahi. E hua ana te whakamutunga rite te papatipu gummy.

Ka taea te tuhituhia ethylene polymerization tauhohenga e whai ake: CH2 = CH2 → (-CH2-CH2-) n. I raro i etahi tikanga, i roto i te aroaro o te initiator (paingia ratou hau hāora te otinga o te hauwai organic i roto i te hinu ranei) e wahi i waenganui i ngā ngota waro π-here āputa (te kore he here rua) me te pūhui i waenganui i n-Nogo maha o i hanga Radicals free. Ko te tauhohenga polymerization puta i te tikanga mekameka tuwhena. Ko te taimaha o rāpoi ko tika ti'aturi i runga i te tau n te rauemi polymer, me tona whakanui ake tupu te reira. Na roto i te huri i te tikanga o te tauhohe polymerization, te ariā o te polyethylene operator tutuki whiwhi i te rauemi ki te āhuatanga e hiahiatia ana: fluidity (ranei ngohe taupū), te kaha, kiato, pātapa mate uruhanga, tamau uruhanga, me ētahi atu.

kawea Synthesis o tiketike-pēhanga polyethylene te tauhohenga polymerization ranei i roto i roto i reactors autoclave tubular ranei i pāmahana ki runga ki te 300 ° C, me te pēhanga o 1000 ki te 3000 atm. tuku tenei he nui rahi o te wera. Kei te nekehia atu te reira ki te wai wera tukua nei te ki te koti piere. Ko te tohu o te whakaaro ma tukua ki te mahana i te tango wai tei te nuinga i runga i te kounga o te rauemi me te tukanga haumaru polymeric. Ki te te ruarua horoia te wai, me te kei maha poke (hei tauira, tai pakeke rite konupūmā me te konupora tīhiko, ng ngota silicic waikawa, māota, me ētahi atu), te pūrere koti putunga i hanga ranei whakarewa tīmata ki te waikura. Nā ki huringa i roto i te matotoru taiepa piere o te tohanga wera puta noa riro pāhiwihiwi tona mata, me te pāmahana o tikanga polymerization kia riro he whakatoi,. Ki te hua whakaari o te pāmahana pitihāoratanga o te waerau kia puta whāwehe ranei ki te whakangaromanga o te piere.

Te tauhohenga polymerization, rite ki te hua o nei te polyethylene i hanga, ka taea e te tango i te wahi i te pāmahana o raro, me te pēhanga. Ko titau tenei te whakakōkī. Kei roto ethylene unreacted, ka te nei wehea a ka pelletized te waerau, te polyethylene hua i raro i te pēhanga iti, putaatu te piere rite te puehu, ranei, kaua he whakatārewatanga i roto i te waiwaro whakarewa ki te te polyethylene pēhanga tiketike i te piere rite te putanga rewanga. I wehea te puehu i te whakarewa me te poke horoia i te whakakōkī, a ka granulated me taputapu motuhake i huaina extruder.

Ko te kupu, ko te tauhohenga polymerization o ethylene i roto i te ahumahi whakamahia mo te kōtuitui o polyethylene. GOST 16338-85 hua iti-pēhanga polyethylene slurry me tohu hau wā, kia rite ki GOST 16337-77 rukea rite te autoclave polyethylene nui-pēhanga pane tubular ranei.