Ko te utu o te hanga i roto i te ahumahi hiko

I teie mahana, tetahi o te nui mo tetahi ōhanga ko te raruraru o te supply pūngao. Neke atu i te hawhe te whenua i roto i te ao, pau kawemai pūngao. hanga tenei nga ōhanga o ti'aturiraa pūngao. I tua atu, whakamārama tenei te hanganga o ngā utu production. Haké utu mō ngā rauemi pūngao e utu ki te hoko a ratou, ka pōhara kē te āhuatanga ōhanga i roto i te whānui. Hoki whenua e hapa te nui e tika ana o rāhui pūngao, me ko tino iti te taea o mau mai ratou whakahou, te vector tino nui o te kaupapa ōhanga ko te pai pūngao. Energy kakama, whakaiti i te utu o te hanga o te kaha hiko, e te riroraa i te nui take o tupu o te öhanga.

Kua whakawhanakehia te reira e rua aronga rautaki o tona hua. Ko te tuatahi - he ki te whakaiti i ngā utu mō te hanga i te whakapai ake i te tōtika o te kohi rauemi i runga i chp me kōhua mo te hanga o te elektroteploenergii. Ko te tuarua - he ki te whakapiki ake i te tōtika pūngao puta noa ahumahi me te ahuwhenua.

Hei aromatawai i te aha te utu o te hanga i roto i te hiko, te aha ko te tōtika o te pūngao i roto i ngā tipu te mana waiariki whakamahi tohu pērā i te kohi motuhake o nāianei o te wahie e whakamahia ana ia wae o te pūngao tukua. whakamahia ana tēnei tohu te ki whakarite te tōtika, te whai huatanga o te ngā otaota mana. Hei tauira, mo nga teihana waiariki ki ngā tawhā korohū subcritical kohi motuhake o 365 go o makatuunga wahie / kWh, me ngā tawhā supercritical - 320 go o makatuunga wahie / kWh mō hou tipu huringa ngā - 265 go o makatuunga wahie / kWh. Hoki takoto whatunga hiko e te tōtika pūngao o te parekura tuku mana hiko, i te mea i tēnei wā e pā ana ki 11% o te pūngao tukua i roto i te whatunga pūnaha mana, a taea te whakahuatia e te tōtika o te kaha tuku me te tohatoha. Waihoki whakaritea pai pūngao o whatunga waiariki, i roto i nei te mate, ko te tata 12%.

Hoki te pūnaha mana rite kore e he katoa te tīari tetahi paearu ao o te mea kia te utu o te hanga i roto i te ahumahi hiko, e whakamahi pūngao tōtika tohu o te tōtika o te tāuru pūngao tuatahi, e kei tenei momo o te wahie. puta te reira e mo tenei tohu e taea te whakamahi i roto i te kohi wahie motuhake mō otaota mana katoa, attributable mo nga kiritaki pūngao tukua.

He he he ine tika i waenganui i te tupu i roto i te kohi pūngao me te tere o te kohi pūngao me te uara o GDP. E whakaatu ana te reira e te akiaki o te huringa i roto i te kaha pūngao o te hua motu matotoru, me te whakaritea e te arataki me te whakamahi te whakanui ake o ngā rauemi pūngao rite te pai kia rite ki te tere o te whanaketanga ōhanga o te ōhanga. Ki te outstrips tere o te tupu kohi pūngao tere o te tupu o GDP, me te utu o te hanga i roto i te ahumahi hiko e tipu haere, te whakanui ake i kohi pūngao, me te mea te ōwehenga kōaro, heke te kohi pūngao te.

Ko te kupu, ki te whakarite he tika te tōtika pūngao o te tupu ōhanga e te tere o te whanaketanga ōhanga, faaite i roto i te tupu o GDP, e kia tere atu i te tere o te tupu o te kohi pūngao. E tano ia tapao e rua ngā whakahē i roto i te akiaki o te kaha. I runga i te ringa kotahi, te tupu o te mahi mana e wātea ana hei take nui i roto i te whakanui ake i hua, i runga i te tahi atu - whakaiti kohi pūngao rite ki te hua o te haere tonu kaupapa here pūngao pai.