Matū: waikura, ratou whakarōpū me ngā āhuatanga

Waikura, ratou whakarōpū me ngā āhuatanga - ko te turanga o tenei pūtaiao nui, ano he matū. timata ratou ki te ako i roto i te tuatahi o nga tau o te matū whakaako. I roto i te pūtaiao pakeke pērā i te pāngarau, te ahupūngao me te matū, katoa o te rauemi hono ki ia atu, i te mea he aha rauemi pukupuku e faatupu te kore o te māramatanga o te tikanga hou. Ko reira he mea nui ki te mahino te kaupapa tino me waikura i roto i ki reira whakatere. I runga i tenei e matou ki a koutou i tenei ra, a ka ngana ki te kōrero i roto i te taipitopito atu.

He aha e hau?

Waikura, ratou whakarōpū me ngā āhuatanga - he matua e te mea e hiahia ana koe ki te matau. Na, he aha te mea te waikura? E mahara koe i te reira i te kura?

Waikura (oxyls ranei) - he matū matatini binary pūhui ngota tito huānga electronegative (iti iho electronegative atu te hāora) me te hāora i roto i te āhua piti hāora -2.

Waikura - te reira matū noa mīharo i runga i te ao. Tauira o pūhui oxidic: wai, waikura, etahi colorants, onepu me ara hauhā.

Ko te hanganga o waikura

Ka taea te whiwhi waikura i roto i ngā huarahi. waikura hanganga ako ano he pūtaiao, rite matū. Waikura, ratou whakarōpū me ngā āhuatanga - e te mea e hiahia ana nga pūtaiao ki mohio ki te mārama me pēhea tenei ranei e i hanga e waikura. Hei tauira, e taea te rite ratou i te hononga tika ki te ngota (ranei ngota) hāora ki te huānga matū - te pāhekoheko o te huānga matū. Heoi, i reira he hanganga autaki o waikura, he reira ka e hanga e te waikura i whāwehe o waikawa, tai turanga ranei.

whakarōpū o waikura

Waikura me tei ratou whakarōpū i runga i te āhua o i ratou i hanga. I roto i tona whakarōpū o waikura katoa e wehea ki e rua ngā rōpū, ko te tuatahi o te mea te tote-hanga, me te rua o nga nesoleobrazuyuschie. Na, tango i te titiro ofi ange rōpū e rua.

Tote-hanga waikura - te reira rawa he rōpū nui, kua wehea nei ki waikura amphoteric ranei waikawa me te taketake. Ka rite ki te hua o tetahi tauhohenga matū, te tote hanga waikura hanga Mariao. Ka rite ki te tikanga, ngā te waikura tote-hanga whakarewa me āhuatanga nonmetal, e ko te hua o te tauhohenga matū ki te wai ki te hanga i te waikawa, engari te tauhohe i ki turanga ki te hanga i te waikawa hāngai me tai.

waikura Nesoleobrazuyuschie - taua waikura ko e kore e hanga i te tauhohenga matū he tote. kia tauira o taua waikura waikura o te hauota , me te waro.

waikura amphoteric

Waikura, ratou whakarōpū me ngā āhuatanga - he tino nui i roto i ngā ariā matū. Ko te hanganga tote-hanga ngā waikura amphoteric.

waikura Amphoteric - ko aua waikura e taea e ngā āhuatanga taketake waikawa ranei, i runga i nga tikanga o te tauhohe matū (whakaatu amphoteric) rānei. Ēnei waikura e hanga e e konganuku whakawhitinga (parahi, te hiriwa, te koura, rino, ruthenium, Tungsten, Rutherford, Titanium, yttrium, me te tini ke atu). ariu waikura Amphoteric ki waikawa kaha, rite ki te hua o te tauhohenga matū, i whai ahua ai ratou tai o enei waikawa.

waikura waikawa

waikura waikawa ranei anhydrides - enei waikura i roto i tauhohe matū e whakaatu āhuatanga waikawa, me te puka waikawa hāora-kei roto. Anhydrides e hanga e tonu te angamaheni konganuku-kore me te tahi mau huānga whakawhitinga matū.

Waikura, ratou whakarōpū me te matū āhuatanga - enei he ariā nui. Hei tauira, waikura waikawa āhuatanga matū tino rerekē i amphoteric. Hei tauira, ki te tauhohe te anhydride ki te wai ki te hanga i hāngai waikawa (ki te haunga o SiO2 - silica). tauhohe nga anhydrides ki kawakore, ka rite ki te hua o taua tauhohe tukua te wai, me te houra. I roto i te tauhohenga o te tote ki i hanga waikura taketake.

anhydride taketake

Matua (hoki "niu") waikura - he āhuatanga matū whakarewa waikura ki āhua hāora o +1 +2 ranei. Ko ētahi o ēnei kawakore, konganuku whenua kawakore, me te he konupora huānga matū. He rerekē i ētahi atu i roto i taua e taea ki te tauhohe ki te waikawa ratou waikura Basic.

ariu waikura Basic ki waikawa, i roto i te rerekē ki waikura waikawa, a hoki ki te alkali, te wai, te tahi atu waikura. Ka rite ki te hua o enei tauhohe e te tikanga tai e hanga e.

āhuatanga o waikura

Ki te tirohia e koe i te tauhohenga o waikura rerekē, ka taea e te hanga ratou ake whakatau e pā ana ki te mea ngā āhuatanga matū oxyls farii. taonga matū General o waikura katoa takoto rawa i roto i te tukanga, pitihāoratanga.

Otiia, he rerekē i ia atu waikura katoa. Whakarōpū me ngā āhuatanga o waikura - he ratou e rua ngā kaupapa kōtuitui o.

waikura Nesoleobrazuyuschie me ratou āhuatanga matū

waikura Nesoleobrazuyuschie - ko te rōpū taua o waikura, e kore nei e whakaatu i tetahi āhuatanga waikawa ranei taketake ranei amphoteric. Ka rite ki te hua o te tauhohe matū ki waikura kore tai nesoleobrazuyuschimi hanga e te. I mua, e kore e karangatia e enei waikura nesoleobrazuyuschimi me tau'a ko indiffirentnymi, engari e kore e enei ingoa hāngai ki waikura āhuatanga nesoleobrazuyuschih. I roto i to ratou āhuatanga enei oxyls rawa taea o te tauhohe matū. Ko he iti rawa waikura nesolebrazuyuschih, kua hanga e ratou i te monovalent me divalent-konganuku kore.

O nga waikura tote-hanga taea te rite waikura nesoleobrazuyuschih e te tauhohenga matū.

nomenclature

Tata e karangatia waikura katoa e whai ake: ko te kupu "waikura", aru e te ingoa matū i roto i te take pūriro. Hei tauira, Al2O3 - he alumina. I roto i tenei reo matū oxidizing pānui: kia konumohe e pā ana ki 2 3. ētahi huānga, pērā i parahi, e rave rahi nekehanga oksileniya, aua, waikura rawa ka kia rerekē. Katahi CuO waikura - he waikura parahi (e rua), i.e. ki te tohu oksileniya 2 me Cu2O ōkai - he parahi waikura (toru), e kua he tohu oksileniya 3.

Ko reira e te tahi atu waikura konei e whakaturia e te maha o ngā ngota hāora i roto i te pūhui. Monoxide monoxide karanga taua waikura, e roto i tetahi anake ngota hāora ranei. Dioxides karanga taua oxyls, e kei e rua ngā ngota hāora rite kuhimua korerotia "di". karanga Trioxide taua waikura, e kei toru ngota hāora. Taua ingoa rite te monoxide, hāorarua me trioxide, kua riro tawhitotia, engari e maha kitea i roto i ngā pukapuka, ngā pukapuka, me te tahi atu rauemi.

He hoki pera-ka karanga mama ingoa waikura, e ko, te hunga i whakawhanakehia e mua. Hei tauira, CO - kua oxidized te waro haukura ranei, engari maha tuku noa Utaina ki rite te taonga ki te waro haukura.

Heoi waikura - he pūhui o te hāora ki te huānga matū. Ko te pūtaiao taketake e Akoranga ratou hanganga me te pāhekoheko, he matū. Waikura, ratou whakarōpū me te āhuatanga - he torutoru kaupapa nui i roto i te pūtaiao o te matū, e kore te ite e kore e taea e matau koutou tetahi mea atu. Waikura - ko reira haurehu, me ngā kohuke, me puehu. He utu i mohio i roto i te taipitopito pūtaiao e kore anake, engari ano hoki te iwi noa ētahi waikura, i roto i te meka ai ara kia ratou mōrearea mō te ora i runga i tenei whenua. Waikura - Ko te tino ngā, me te āhua ngāwari tenei kaupapa. He tino noa i roto i te ora ia rā pūhui waikura.