Mewaro, kei te acetylene whakamahia i roto i te whānuitanga o tauhohe ki uara ahumahi momo

I roto i te rārangi o waiwaro, mewaro, acetylene, whai wāhi nui i roto i ngā wāhanga o te ahumahi matū. Te tīmatanga e kore te mewaro i tohu i tetahi moni mahi. I huaina e ia ko marsh, me haukū i roto i te wahi i reira te tino maha kitea reira i roto i te natura. Tikanga, ka hoatu e tenei pūhui he rota o te raruraru, no te o ratou āhuatanga ōkiko me te matū. mewaro taekore me koreami taea meinga te tangata, me te Tuhinga iti, a tae noa poisoning nui. Ko te raruraru nui atu hoki tona kaha ki te kawe hau i konatunatua ki te rangi ki te hanga i te cocktail pūkākā ki aravihi nui haamou.

Ahakoa te meka i kitea te mewaro maha ara ki te whakamahi i, he o kahore uara te hanga o tenei taonga i te ahumahi. Ko te take i kore he noa anake i roto i te natura tenei hononga, engari ko te hoa (taha) hua i roto i ngā tukanga hangarau o te ahumahi matū hou.

Berthelot i 1860, i taea e ki te kawe i te tauhohenga, i riro i muri mai i te faufaa rahi ahumahi. Otiia i roto i aua ra, he tukanga e taea ki te kawe i roto i te mewaro neke matū> acetylene, kua kore riro nui ngākau. Ko te meka e ki te hiahia whakarite reira he nui i roto i te carbide acetylene me tikanga o tona production.

Kua kitea ahumahi matū Modern maha ara ki te whakamahi i o acetylene. Tenei tapahi hau, me ona whakamahi i roto i rama kanapa matū, ka whakamahia i roto i te hanga o te whānui o ngā matū momo. kī Acetylene i roto i te whiwhi i te whānuitanga o pūhui taikaha me te momo waikawameha ahetiki, Ethyl waipiro me whakarewa, rapa me waiwaro kakara. He whakakitenga o nga whakatutukitanga o te rau tau rua tekau, ko te whakamahi o te acetylene i te hanga o waerau.

He wa pai ki te mahara te faafariuraa matū o te mewaro - acetylene. Elektrokreking me papatanga Thermo-oxidative - te ingoa o te tukanga hangarau hou e hua e acetylene i mewaro. I roto i te take o mua, haere te jet mewaro hau i roto i te electrodes i raro i te pāmahana o te 1600 ° C, me te tere te matao o. Whakatinanatanga o te tikanga tuarua mō te tahuri mewaro - acetylene, hāora te kanohi, pai te tuku i te ngingiha wāhanga o te acetylene wera.

I roto i te mekameka production, mewaro, ka haere mai acetylene, acetaldehyde tūemi whakamutunga i roto i Hydration tauhohe o acetylene, i muri nei i huaina tauhohenga Kucherov. Industrial whakamahitanga acetaldehyde kitea i roto i te hanga o te waikawameha ahetiki, waerau hāparo-tahi, tau butadiene o ngā matū waro.

Ko te taonga ano he tino paitini haumaru, acetaldehyde noa ka tono ki te kiri. Tukuoro rangi tino parakino, e te ui ia i tahunga, hei tauira, mā te paowa i exhausts pereoo ranei. He nui nui o reira i hanga e te maimoatanga o ngā waerau me kirihou wera.

mekameka mewaro muri, acetylene, benzene, chlorobenzene he haamauraa atu o te whakamahi kaha i roto i te ahumahi matū hou marsh firedamp ranei. Ko tatou kua mōhio kē ki te tauhohe unu i te acetylene. tonu te reira anake ki te kawe i te trimerization o tenei hau, C2H2 haere i runga i te waro whakahohe i te pāmahana o te 400 degrees. Ko te tikanga ahumahi hua mo te hanga o te benzene haere ethylbenzene, cumene, nitrobenzene me te huriowaro. pau Mō toru ōrau o te taonga i roto i te faaineineraa o benzenes alkyl rārangi. kotahi anake ōrau o kohi benzene mo kōtuitui o chlorobenzene. Hoki tenei whakaaro, te tauhohe o tona chlorination. Here o tona whakatinanatanga ko te pāmahana i 80-85 ° C me te aroaro o te rino pūhaumāota rino ranei.