Nga ngā whakahēnga o te ahunga whakamua me te regress ko nga ope whui o hītori

Ko te tukanga hītori puta rawa heterogeneous, ētahi wā koimutu, ētahi wā wa kunenga me i katoa taka ki stagnation. Heoi, ko te pātai tau-tawhito ko te, he aha te mea te kaha peia o hītori. Te whakatairanga i te pātai o te ahunga o enei ope hoatu maha whakautu, a ko reira rawa rerekē i roto i tona tikanga i te waihoki rorotu ki pouriuri mate, ki ngā āhuatanga o te utopianism.

I roto i nga wa onamata, e kore e tawhito anake, ko reira whakapono tino hira e mai te tangata i te rau tau "koura" ki tona heke. Paturuhia a peia ope o te ahunga whakamua arata'i iwi ki tino mahi awhina tinana, ki te putanga o rorohiko faaere te tangata o whakaaro rangahau me te whanaketanga mutu aronga poutū. Tenei, o te akoranga, he wāhi tino o te tirohanga o te mau hopearaa o te ahunga whakamua, Heoi, ko te rahi o te pono i konei he reira. I roto i te aamu o te ope whui o te whanaketanga e whakaaro ki te waiho i te ope hua, a, i runga i, ratou whakapai ake arata'i ki te whanaketanga atu angitu o te taata nei ki etahi onäianei matawhenua, me te huru motu. I roto i te mau parau te tahi atu, te tikanga whakaputa me titau te tetahi tohu o te ahunga whakamua. Ko te ope peia ko nga āhuatanga rerekē, engari te ahunga whakamua te nuinga pūtaiao, me te hangarau i roto i ao katoa o te hapori.

I roto i te ao tawhito, ko te mahi o pononga te aratau matua o te hanga, tae noa ki taua wa, ko ia rawa hua, me te whakatau i nga hiahia o aua hapori. Āta, Heoi, ko te axiom e kore e taea e te pononga te mahi tōtika, hoki ehara i te mea hiahia i roto i te hua o to ratou mahi, ka kaha ia, ka haere mai pononga ki te whakakapi aratau feudal atu ahu whakamua o te hanga. O te akoranga, ko ia atu hua i roto i te wāhanga tuatahi o tona oraraa, engari e tika ana ki te kore whaiaro o te haere noa o te peasants te hoki hoko huakore i roto i tona whānuitanga tino. Next mai ki te mahi aratau capitalist o production, he kua fakatāutaha he hiahia rite ki te hua o to ratou mahi, e te tikanga e reira ko te hiahia ki te whakakotahi i te tika ki te tikanga o te hanga, e pai whakarei ake tenei pānga kaihanga free.

I roto i te whānui, i te ahunga whakamua - tukanga rua-ara, me te mahi tīpakongia. e kore e whanaketanga tangata tikanga e ahu whakamua sotaiete katoa wā kotahi. I runga i te anga ke etahi hapori tawhito rite te mea whakatotoka ana i roto i te tau o te Stone Age, tatu ki haamana'o te mau Initia o te Amazon.

Ko te kupu, Ko te kaha peia o te ahunga whakamua tika anake i runga i te wahi o te hapori, a tae noa i roto i a ratou, ko reira timatanga, e kore te pūnaha, rawa ki te 17 - 18 rau. I roto i tenei wā ki reira i nui ngā whakarerekētanga i roto i te tukanga whakaputa. Āpiti atu ki te huringa nui i roto i mau ohipa hōia, whakahaere tūmatanui, ngā tukanga hangarau, me te hangarau i roto i te tahi atu wāhi, kia waiho ratou rawa ataahua, me te ara ki muri. Kati te reira ki te haamana'o i te Russian whanui whanaketanga ahumahi i roto i te rau tau pokapū o-19, me ki te serfdom ngā. I roto i te tukanga ao matatini o neke whakarapopototia ope o hītori i runga, ka ringihia ki te whanaketanga whānui. Ko te ope peia o te ahunga whakamua, reira, ko nga ngā whakahēnga o te whanaketanga whakamua.