Ngā pūtau io me ratou hanganga

ngā pūtau io e hanga karere kiko, he o rua ngā momo: neurocytes (neurons), me ngā pūtau glial (pūtau glial). Neurons mohio a ritenga, whakaputa i te pūmanawa mahi e whakahaere, me te whakawhitihia ponana karere whakapumautia whakapā ki ia atu, me te glia pūtau whakarato nga tikanga mo neurons mahi tino pai, i.e. tutaki ratou, ki te tiaki me te tango i tetahi wahi i roto i te utu o kaitakawaenga me te tupu neurocytes tauwehe tohatoha.

E ai ki tenei ra, te upoko i te roro tangata kei 25 piriona. Neurons, e Kei hautoru e rua o ratou i roto i te uho, me te maha o ngā pūtau glial ko e pā ana ki 10 ngā wā teitei.

neuron

Kei roto ngā pūtau io neurons, e ko te huānga hanganga me te mahi matua o te pūnaha io. Neuron - he rahi Tukanga pūtau o 4-130 microns, arā, o te tinana, me te konga, e te hunga o rua nga tu: te axon me dendrites. Scion o te io pūtau - axon - te kore i huaina neurites. roa tukanga Ko 1.5 m. Axon i te pūtau, kotahi anake, roa, paku kouru; ki runga i te tinana pūtau ko te pini. Ko te tikanga maha, tino branched, poto Dendrites. E ai ki a ia tono he pini te ki te tinana o te neuron. Neurons tūturu vahiraa hihiri, whakahaere ratou ponana io anake i roto i te kotahi aronga - i dendrite ki axon. E ko, te neuron i roto i tona hanganga rite te kōrere. Ko te nuinga te tinana pūtau te mahi o te trophism i pā ana ki te tukanga. kia rerekē āhua Body - i pyramidal ki porotaka.

momo o neurons

E wehea ngā pūtau io i te maha o ngā tukanga ki te maha ngā momo taketake.

• unipolar - he tukanga kotahi, te axon anake. Ēnei pūtau tīariari anake i roto i te embryos hei taahiraa takawaenga i roto i te whanaketanga o neurocytes;
• BAD - kei roto axon me dendrite. Ēnei ngā pūtau io te tangata kua i roto i te etine me i roto i te taringa roto;
• multipolar - riro 2 atu ranei tukanga, te axon me dendrites. Ko te reira i te momo tino noa o te neuron i te tinana, ko e rua i roto i nga wahi pokapū o te pūnaha io me te piringa ratou;
• pūtau psevdounipolyarnye - tua atu i te tukanga noa kotahi, tae atu i te axon me dendrite, a muri mai kua wehea ai ki e rua ngā pūtau motuhake o te tinana. Kei ēnei neurons pourua i te kōpuku o te cranial me ua.

Ko te hanganga o te pūtau io

Neurilemma cover pūtau, e i roto i te tua ki te arai, me te utu o te receptor mahi, mahi he mahi motuhake o te pana io.

ngā pūtau io i cytoplasm, e ngā organelles whānui (pungaraungao, kiriuwhi, pokapū pūtau, Golgi taputapu, lysosomes) me organelle take motuhake, pera-ka karanga neurofibrils. karere pūtau kanapa karihi, tawhio noa, kei tetahi e rua ranei nucleoli.

momo pūtau rite ki o ratou whakaaro

I roto i runga ki te ūnga ngā pūtau io mahi e whakarōpūtia ki tairongo, nekeneke me te intercalary.

neurons rongo - enei pūtau, te tinana kei nei i roto i te ganglia o te pūnaha piringa. Dendrites enei pūtau i kounuhia mutunga tairongo, me te axon i te arahina i roto i te kakau roro ua ranei.

ngā pūtau io intercalary kawenga mō te whakawhitihia neuron excitation.

e karangatia Motor secretory ranei pūtau i runga i te hanganga (muka uaua rino ranei) i reira mutu ratou axon rānei.

He hoki te tautoko ngā pūtau io, pera-ka karanga pūtau glial e ārai i neurons i ia atu.

Ependimotsity rite ki te epithelial kikokiko ngohi te te kōhao me te roro, me te ua. Ratou mahi - tautoko me te fakangatangata.

Astrocytes e mnogootrostchatymi pūtau whetu-āhua iti. Na roto i te hanga tukanga o astrocytes he protoplasmic me kaiota te.

E hanga e weu karere i te tukanga o ngā pūtau io, me te lemmotsitov. Waho i te muka io pani te ki te takotoranga angiangi o kaiota kiko tūhonohono wewete, e kiia nei ko te lamina basal.