Pacemaker - he aha te mea te reira? Pehea te mea he pacemaker? utu o te mahi

Pacemaker - e ko i te hi'oraa rata? Tuatahi o te katoa, ko reira he pūrere hiko iti e normalizes te uaua ngakau. whakarato Heart pacemaker maha tino arotau o motu e tika ana mō te ora noa. taea ki te hinga dissociation electrophysiological o te atria me ventricles, te poraka atrioventricular pera-ka karanga, a ko te kupu e faaau i te mea ko te ngakau.

History o hanga

Pacemaker - Ko hoki te physiologist tenei? Ka rite ki tenei pūrere taea te whakamahi i roto i ngā o te pānga i runga i te tukanga pathological i roto i te pūnaha Cardiovascular o te tinana tangata? I tono ngoikore ngātere nāianei hiko ki te whakakore i miharo arrhythmias kairangahau i roto i te mutunga o te rau tau 19. Heoi, ko te kore o te hangarau mō te whakaputa hiko e tuku i roto i kore e whakaaetia te uara whakaiti ki noa timata ki te rangahau i roto i tenei aronga.

Anake i roto i te hawhe tuatahi o te rau tau 20, kaimātai hinengaro, pūtaiao taea timata ki te ako i te pānga o ponana hiko i roto i te mahi ngakau. He pionie i roto i tenei rohe ko te kairangahau Itari Luigi Galvani. I muri mai physiologists Russian N. E. Vvedensky me Yu. M. Chagovets anga te ako o te pea o te tono ngoikore rere nāianei hiko mo te maimoatanga o etahi mate ngakau.

I roto i te 1927, kua hangaia he mafatu American Albert Hyman pūrere hiko-mīhini tuatahi o te ao ki te mau tonu i te manawataki pūmau o te ngakau tangata. paunatia te mīhini neke atu i toru rau karamu, whakatārewatia te pūrere i runga i te whitiki motuhake, me te huna i raro i kakahu. kua Heoi, i mahi pai te pacemaker, i roto i te wa poto kua whakarewahia production rangatū.

hua tuatahi

Pacemaker - te reira mo Alberta Haymena, te kaihanga o te kōwae me ana hoa e pā ana ki arrhythmia cardiac? Tuatahi o te katoa, ko te taahiraa matamua i roto i te tukanga roa o ako tikanga engineering hiko, e taea te hoatu i te mahi o te rongoā tenei.

ka mau tono Practical o stimulant Hyman i roto i te āhuatanga ohorere wahi i roto i 1951, ka muri te mahi i taea ki te whakaora i te manawanui ki matatau hake poraka ngakau , me te arrhythmia wāhanga. Otiia, i te manawanui, he wa roa i roto i te fare ma'i, pera kihai i taea e ia te neke noa ki te taputapu tika mōmona i runga i te tinana, me te, ano, ko roto i te hiahia o te mātakitaki tamau o te kaimahi hauora.

Stimulant-rawatia ētehi

Kua piri World Cardiology Center ope ki te waihanga i tētahi stimulator hiko kiato, kore ake e e paunatia atu i 80 karamu. I roto i te 1958 he rōpū o pūtaiao Swedish, arahina e Dr. Rune Elmqvist hanga iti "Siemens-El." herea stimulator i roto i te whare angiangi-taiepa i hanga o Titanium koranu, a taea te kaiwhakato raro i te kiri. Heoi, ko te iti te kohi mana o te tenenga Swedish - te pākahiko whakarato he pini mo te 18 anake marama, i muri i nei i akina te manawanui i ki te mahi i te mahi ki te whakakapi i te supply mana.

Creation o motu EKS

Hei whakamutunga, he pacemaker - he aha te mea i te reira i te wāhi o te tirohanga o te tūroro ratou? O te akoranga, ko te mea ora tenei, atu te ora o tūroro cardiac te mamae i ngā raruraru manawataki ngakau. Heart uaua mahi i roto i te reo tika - ko te matua ki te mahi pūmau o te pūnaha circulatory katoa o te tinana.

I te tau 1960, te academician A. Soviet tahuri N. Bakulev ki te pokapū ārahi hangarau o te Soviet Union e whakaarohia ana te hanganga o ngā pūrere o stabilization cardiac. pahono te rangatira tuatahi Design Bureau whanaketanga tika i roto i te engineering aunoa, i i te mana o te hinonga korero. I roto i te wā poto o te wā whakamātautau hangarau, a i roto i Hakihea 1961 i pai kaiwhakato o te pacemaker Russian-hanga EX-2 tuatahi "waeroa" i roto i te mamae manawanui i oti poraka ngakau atrioventricular i hanga ite tauira EX, whakamana. Pacemaker "waeroa" i whakaputaina mō te 15 tau, mano o te iwi e mate ana i whakaorangia e pono pūrere iti.

He ōrau nui o mate e tika ana ki mate Cardiovascular i roto i te Soviet Union tohua te mutunga o te 50 tau, ka anga te reira ki te peka. Ko te pacemaker o te ngakau, i arotake i ngā tūroro i te tikanga pai, hohoro riro rongonui.

ake tonu New, ake nga āhuatanga o EKS kāinga. I te mutunga o 1962, tauira hou, tūtohutia te Manatū o Hauora mō te hanga rangatū. Ko te kupu, hanga i roto i Russia pacemaker ngakau, arotake e pā ana ki te kounga o i nga pai, ka anga ratou ki te whakaputa i roto i te maha kamupene i roto i te kōtaha hauora.

kardiostimulirovanie waho

I mua ki te implantation o pacemaker rawatia ētehi, kia riro te manawanui āwhina tuatahi ki pūrere whakapā waho arā, o paraharaha rua nei e kei i runga i ngā taha e rua o te pouaka, tetahi i roto i mua o te ngakau, me te tahi atu i runga i te hoki, i raro i te pokohiwi mata maui. e haere hihiko i roto i te whaturei, ai nga uaua maeneene ki te kirimana i runga i ngā taha e rua, me te uaua ngakau. Tenei tikanga ai hūhi ki te manawanui, engari ka rite ki te tikanga rangitahi o stabilization o auau ngakau he tika. Ko te ngoikoretanga o te tikanga whakaongaonga waho ngā i roto i te meka e kore kia mahue tautahi te manawanui, rawa, ki te he mauri ia. Tāuta pacemaker mahi i runga i te pūtake tūturu, e titau te reira i kore whakangungu motuhake, e tango rave rahi wiki.

whakaongaonga endocardial Rangitahi

Ko te parau tumu o te taua pānga i runga i te uaua ngakau ko te whakataki o te kawehiko uiuia i roto i te kōhao ngakau. Hoki enei ngā mahi hanga i te huinga horomata o kaiwhakahaere me te uiuia ai ano, tukua nei te mā te teihana venous ki te ngakau. tāuta te mutunga o te kawehiko e i roto i te marae tika, me ona ritenga, te pito rarahi o te hono waho ki te pūtake, mahia ponana hiko.

Tāuta i te pacemaker i runga i te pūtake rangitahi te nuinga o te wā e whakamahia ana i te mea kahore he wa hoki ake tikanga tuwhena. I muri māori o te manawanui cardiac taea puta ki te implantation o te pūrere tūturu.

Ka rite ki te kaiwhakato o te pacemaker pūmau

Pacemaker mō te mahi implantation i te pokanga iti, kua hangaia hoki te whakamahi wā roa-. Kei te nuinga o te wā implantation kawea atu i raro i rehunga rohe. Kei te wehea te tukanga katoa ki te maha ngā wāhanga. Tuatahi, he kokoti o te kiri, me te kiko, me te rua wehe. Na whakamana te ngakau kei te te maha e hiahiatia ana o electrodes e kua whakanohoia i roto i te ruma ngakau. I muri i whakataki o te conductors te arowhai raraunga katoa: tūtohutanga, mai'a paepae, he whakaritenga tino arotau o miro, ngātere conductive. Me i reira ka puta warea o te electrodes, i hanga he moenga mo pacemaker me te pūrere tanuhia.

I roto i ētahi wā, e kore e te ētehi tango pakiaka tonu, kia ara waiho hei makanga iti, engari te mumura hohoro mariri i raro i te mana o te raau taero tikanga, a ka haere tonu te manawanui ki te ora i te ora noa maheni.

Ko te mahi matua o te pacemaker

Ko te pūrere Ko te pūrere hiko whakaurua i roto i te whare whakarewa kiato. Powered te microprocessor e te pākahiko hangaia mo te tau torutoru. Ko te parau tumu o te mahi o EKS motu ko ki te whakautu ki te ngaro o te hukihuki auau o te uaua ngakau o te manawanui. hangaia te pacemaker te kia i tonoa te pini tona roro hiko, tata kore te mutunga - te rerekētanga wā ko te torutoru haurau o te tuarua.

I roto i te mahi noa o te pūrere ngakau whakatoatoa tau'a - e tuku kahore he pini ma. He he he rōpū o pacemakers e whai i te kaha ki te urutau te auau. I roto i taua pūrere pūoko integrated, tairongo ki huringa i roto i te mahi o te manawanui. I roto i te meka, tenei whakaterenga pūoko, he accelerometer, e whakautu ana ki ngā rerekētanga i roto i ngā tawhā ECG me auau romahā. I roto i mahi e tuku pacemaker ngakau speeded ake ponana.

E taea e ki te rokiroki raraunga ki runga ki te mahi o te ngakau, ka taea e hei putanga ki te aroturuki pāpāho mamati ranei mo te tātari nga tauira hou o ECS. Tēnei āhuatanga e āhei te rata ki te tautapa therapy tino pai hauora, me te ki te whiriwhiri i te tawhā o te mahi pacemaker. kia puritia Whakahōunga o taua mea i te iti rawa kotahi nga marama e ono. Pacemaker, te utu o te tāutanga i te mea wātea hoki e taea te whakakapi i te tangata ki te moni toharite ki te tika.

kaiwhakahaere Transesophageal

Hoki te tātaritanga o ngā arrhythmia i roto i te pūnaha tūroro whakamātautau whakamahia te ki te uiuia. Kei te whakaurua kaiwhakahaere motuhake ki te matamata electrically conductive ki te pū kai. mutu te uiuia te i te mata o te whakapā o te ngakau, kaua te marae maui ranei, ki te pū kai. generator, e homai e ngātere o auautanga rerekē te ka kē i runga i. Ko te tikanga o taua rangahau ko ki te tautuhi i te aroaro o te mate ngakau coronary. Palpitations i raro i te mana o ngātere hiko e taea te whakaatu i te makanga o te kawenga uaua ngakau.

Transesophageal mai'a makona ao, ka taea e tauturu i te reira ki te tātari i te whānuitanga o mate cardiac. I roto i ētahi wā Tees tukua maimoatanga: kopere paroxysmal tachycardia, hopu kaka Atrial, te mahi whakaongaonga rangitahi ki bradyarrhythmias, haere tahi i te pini taupetupetu, ki te whakakore i syndrome pakohu mate. He taea ētahi whawhe anake ki te wāhi uiuia hohonu i roto i te pū kai.

Pacemaker: utu o te mahi

Tāuta pacemaker i roto i Russia taea te utu i te 65 ki te 650 mano moni. Tenei moni ngā te utu o te pūrere iho, ki te utu implantation me wā postoperative. Pacemaker iho, whakaritea te utu o nei i te kaiwhakanao, e taea e auhia iti (20 mano. Mirimiria.). Ko wātea ki te manawanui te kōwhiringa o ngā tauira. He pai ki te tiki i te pacemaker, arotake i te pai te nuinga. Tenei kamupene pūrere Medtronic, StJudeMedical, Guidant ko Biotronic.