Pāhoro Cuban Raul Castro: biography, whakaahua

Raul Castro, te māngai o te whānau Cuban rongonui, te tangata e hanga he kōrero o nui te pānga ki te iwi whānui. ora Cuban huri whakawhetai ki ona tau neke atu i te 50 o ngā mahi. He mea paihere haurongo o tona ora Raul Castro o ki te hītori o tenei whenua paki, - he tauira oraora o te kaitōrangapū e ora i te ngākau nuitanga o te kāwanatanga.

Childhood me te Whānau

Pipiri 3, 1931 i roto i te utuafare o te kaipupuri whenua Cuban i te pēpi - Raul Castro. Matua - Angel Castro Argis fatuhia nunui o te whenua i reira ratou tupu huka kakaho, i kawea mai ia he moni tika. Mother, Lina Ruz Gonzalez, - he tuari ohie. i matau ki rua o ratou, marenatia kotahi anake puta i roto i te hapu o e rima ngā tamariki. Ko e hoatu tamariki katoa mātauranga me te ako ki te aroha ki honau fonua tupu'angá. i katoa i roto i te utuafare e whitu tamariki, ka Raul te tuawha, i ia tetahi atu 2 teina, me te 4 tuahine. i te wahine tuatahi a tona papa e rima tamariki, na i whanaunga tini te tamaiti. ako Junior Castro i roto i te kura Jesuit, tuatahi i roto i Santiago de Cuba, te wahi i peia ai ia me ona tuakana, a muri i Havana, puta ia i te kāreti Jesuit.

tau o muri

I roto i te 1948, i te Whare Wānanga o Havana reira ko te ākonga hou - Raul Castro. He whakaahua i roto i te taitamarikitanga taitamarikitanga ki kanohi mura, i tuhia e ia mo impulsivity me te radicalism. ako te University Raul tikanga ā, me te whakahaere tūmatanui, he pai ki a ia i tenei matauranga i muri. Ahakoa ako ia kāre. Ka rite ki te ākonga, ka Raul he mema o te kaupapa ākonga, piri ia te whakaaro hapori, a tae noa piri te Pāti pāpori. Fakataha ki tona teina Fidel, whai wāhi ia i roto i ngā whakaaturanga ākonga ki te whakahē i ki te tikanga o Batista. kaha ia ka mau ana whakaaro leftist, whakatairanga whakaaro iwi hoki.

I roto i te 1952, ki te kaha i roto i Cuba ka haere kotahi ano te rangatira tonotono Batista, e i tautoko i te whakapaipai American, me te li'aki nga ngākau nuitanga motu o te whenua, hanga ana e ia he Kaitiaki o te United States. whawhati atu ia takawaenga whanaunga ki te Soviet Union, i roto i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao, whakapumautia pātuitanga, ka anga ki te whai i te kaupapa here pro-American uaua, i Cuba ki te US papatipu kaweake o ngā hua mō te muri ki te kahore, rawakore te taupori. meinga te reira i riri papatipu, rawa i roto i te iwi taitamariki, ki nei no e rua ki a Raul Castro. i nui nga teina Castro i roto i te kaupapa tau'atāina te kōaro. I roto i te 1953, he rōpū o ngā ākonga arahina e Fidel me tona teina Raul whai wāhi nganatanga ki te hopu i te pa Moncada i Santiago, engari kore. i riro wāhanga o te hunga tutu, tae atu Raul, nei i whiua rite ki te hua ki te 15 tau i roto i te whare herehere. Otiia i roto i te 1955 i raro i te murunga, puritia i raro i te pēhanga o te iwi whānui, e rua e tukua Castro.

revolution

Raul Castro, kua maka nei ki ngā whakaaro pāhoro, me ngā mai nga tau wawe o te whakaaro e pā ana ki o tona whenua i te whakarau nei haurongo, e kore ia i hoatu ki runga tumanako ki te kite Cuba free, me te whai rawa. I muri i mahue te whare herehere, Fidel ko Raul waiho ki Mexico i te wehi o utu. He mātāmua ahu Castro te kaupapa "Hōngongoi 26" i muri i nga ngā o 1953. Na mātātoa te whai wāhi Raul i mahi whakatö, piri ki te whakaaro pro-hapori korerotia, i ko Fidel he kaitautoko o te kaupapa here iwi hoki āhua.

I tenei wa, ka tutaki Raul arata'i Ernesto Che Guevara tona teina i roto i te rōpū tahi, i whai ahua ai ratou te matua o te ope tōrangapū hou mo te whakaoranga o Cuba. i patua maha kaitautoko Castro i roto i te tāmitanga. I tenei wa i roto i Cuba nga kohuru tōrangapū me te whakamamae te täkupu. Ko te rōpū toe o 12 iwi i roto i te Hakihea 1956 i runga i te wakarā smuggled puku ki Cuba, wawahi puni i roto i nga maunga Sierra Maestra ka timata ki te whakahaere kaha i reira pakanga pakanga.

whakaritea e ratou he raupapa o aro i roto i te whenua, i roto i te puna o te 1957 i roto i te Castro ope - e rave rahi mano iwi, arahina ia he whawhai tonu ki hōia a te kāwanatanga. Ātete i roto i te whenua, i tipu te whakawhetai ki te mau tautooraa tautoko, tae atu Raul Castro,. I roto i te 1957 ka whakaekea te rōpū kōaro te noho peresideniraa, i roto i Havana, tū te whakawhitiwhiti o nga wahine e hiahia ana ki te aukati i te patu. Mataku Batista tere ta "manapori" pōtitanga i ai te kaitono ārahi i roto i te manakohia o tona akonga o. Ko matau te iwi ona tinihanga me tae mai te pōtitanga. Āwangawanga e pā ana ki te āhuatanga, faaoti te kāwanatanga US ki whakatahi Batista i Spain, te wahi e noho i te toenga o te ora ia. A i Cuba, January 1, 1959 te ope, arahina e te teina Castro, ka mau Havana ka karangatia te huringa tikanga orurehau.

teina rongonui

pāhoro Cuban Raul Castro, kei te tata hono tona ora katoa ki tona tuakana Fidel. Ko ratou taha i taha, te whawhai o te whakaoranga, huihui whakaarahia te whenua i muri i te hinga o te tonotono Batista. I roto i tenei take, i whaki Raul i te timatanga o te whakaaro hapori, ka ko i runga i te mana kaha o te tuakana i te mau mai i reira whakahokia muri ki tenei Māoritanga. a Raul iti Charisma me reira kihai i rapu ki te noho i te tūranga tuatahi i roto i te kaupapa, me te i roto i te whenua. Ia ngāwari hoatu te tūranga o te tuakana vaiolini tuatahi Castro, engari kua tonu kua reira he rerenga pono mo te teina. I muri mai, ka ia te tangata, ki te whakatū i hoa whanaunga ki te Soviet Union, i awhinatia te whenua ara. I waenganui teina i nga wa katoa he hononga hoa, ahakoa i ētahi wā i tautohetohe ratou e pā ana ki te ara o te whenua i mua nei.

kaupapa here hoko

I muri i te wikitoria o te revolution i Cuba, riro Raul Castro mana o te kawanatanga o oriente. kore kua Fidel ano hiahia ki te whakamōhio tona teina ki te taumata teitei o te kaha, rite i wera, me te piri whakaaro tuwhena rawa te teina. tangohia Raul kua te tūranga ārahi o te teina, me te kaha tautoko a ia, e puritia e ia i roto i tona kaupapa wahi, me te ara mahi i roto i te whakangaromanga o tona hoariri.

kore Raul Kastro tukua ana whakaaro-pāpori, me te taea āta me tuakana ki te riro i runga i. I roto i te Hui-tanguru 1959, mau Fidel Castro te pou o te matenga o te kāwanatanga, ka riro te teina Castro te matenga o nga ope patu o te whenua. ahu e ia te Tāhuhu o te Revolutionary Armed Forces i roto i te katoa o runga 49 tau, ko te rekoata o te ao mo te roa o te noho i te pou rite tenei. Kua tupu tana kaha ope Cuban ki 50 mano iwi, e kore e tiaki i anake reira te haumarutanga o te whenua, engari ka mau ano hoki tetahi wahi i roto i te kaupapa fakatau'atāina i Etiopia me Angola.

mahi tōrangapū

Fidel Castro, i runga i te wā, atu whakawhirinaki ki tona teina, a ka uaki i ia te ara ki te whakahaere o te ope e kore anake, engari ki te hoatu hoki i te mana ake tōrangapū. I roto i te tau 1961, ka Raul te Tepute Tiamana o te Central Planning Kaunihera, te wahi e mahi ia ki tona hoa tawhito Che Guevara. I te tau 1962 mahi ia rite te hēkeretari tuarua o te whakahaere o te United Revolutionary Organizations. Mai 1963, hoko rua o te tangata i muri i Fidel i te Party United o-pāpori Revolution o Cuba. A, no te whakaingoatia ana tautooraa ki te rōpū i te Communist, ka ana whakaaro te pūtake mo te Māoritanga kāwanatanga. I roto i te 1965, e tomo ai ia ki te Komiti Central o te Cuban Party Communist, upoko o te kōmihana o nga ope patu, me te haumaru kāwanatanga. Mai 1962, Raul Castro, ko te tiamana tuarua o te kāwanatanga, a ka whakaingoatia ki te kawana tuatahi, ka heamana tuarua o te Kaunihera State, i roto i te meka, noho reira te rua o nga tangata i roto i te āhua i roto i nga tau o te kingitanga o Fidel. Ko te kawana ano o te National Runanga o Power o People hoki 25 nga tau. I tua atu, i mātātoa te whai wāhi Raul i kaupapa here ke, me te ōhanga o te kāwanatanga. E tutaki ia ki te kaiārahi o te Soviet Union ki te whakatū whanaunga, me te utu āwhina fraternal ki te āhua hapori hou, kua kōkiri ki te faaiti i te herenga ohaoha i runga i te whanaketanga o te tāpoi, whakatinana hanganga i roto i te ahuwhenua. Ko te rāngai pūtea o te whenua i tata katoa subordinated ki Raul.

Upoko o te kāwanatanga

I roto i te 1997, Fidel Castro mo te wa tuatahi i te Pāti Congress o Cuba, ko Raul taea tona mono. Ka rite ki tupu pakeke te Castro matamua, okioki ake me te ake mana ki runga ki nga pokohiwi o te teina. I roto i te 2006, i hanga Fidel Castro he mahi nui, me te mana ki te faatere i te whenua poto engari, ēngari hoatu Raul Castro. ka kino Hauora tuakana, varavara puta ia i roto i te iwi whānui. I roto i te Hānuere 2008, ko nga pōtitanga pāremata, i roto i nei te teina Castro haere 1 ōrau o tona teina. I roto i te Hui-tanguru 2008, ua faaite mana Fidel tona rīhainatanga i te pou o te kāwanatanga tuatahi. February 24, 2008, Raul Castro, whakaahua nei ohorere rere i runga i te pāpāho katoa o te ao, ka te peresideni o Cuba.

Huringa i roto i Cuba

Peresideni o te hōputu hou, te reforomatio - taua tītaia whakawhiwhia e te pēhi i te hou te peresideni Raul Castro. kaupapa here Cuba ka whakamamaetia reira he maha o ngā rerekētanga nui. Tuatahi o te katoa, kei te mātātoa te whai wāhi ia i roto i rikarika ki whanaunga ke, ka tutaki ki te feia faatere o Amerika Latin haere mai ki a Moscow me ara whakaaturia tona hihiko ki te whakatau ki te US peresideni, a ka puritia taua hui i roto i te 2015. I roto i te tau 2009, te US tango here i runga i mema o Cuba i te Organization o American States tīmata kaupapa here whakamahunga whanaunga i waenganui i te US me Cuba. arata'i tenei ki te meka i nekehia atu te rāhui i runga i taonga Cuban ki te United States, tuku flights i waenganui i te whenua. I te wa ano i roto i Cuba, aukati pau, whakawhanake āhuatanga ōhanga uaua, me e te otinga ki tenei raruraru, ka mea a Raul Castro tona mahi matua. mau e ia he maha o whakahounga ohaoha e taea waea pūkoro ki noho o te whenua, ka taea kaimahi ratou tautuhi mahere mo te maara o ngā hua, e ngana ana ki te turuhi, me te haumi i roto i te ōhanga, ka taea ki te privatize whare tūmatanui. Kei te āta tīmata te ora ki te hanga, ahakoa raruraru ki te peresideni me te whenua, ko te tonu rawa nui. I te 2013, tukua ano te iwi o Cuba ki Raul te kaiārahi o tona whenua.

hōnore

I roto i tona ora, kua riro Raul Castro maha tohu, te ingoa nui tino ko te taitara o Hero o te Republic, te Order o Maksimo Gomesa, Camilo Cienfuegos, te taitara o te toa mo te whakaoranga me te whawhai huna, me te Union Order Soviet: Lenin me te Oketopa Revolution, Order o te Ekalesia Siu mo āwhina i roto i te hanga o te mau hiero .

kāhua kaiārahi o Castro

puta hau Raul Castro rite te rangatira i roto i te aroraa hou. ka whakanuia e ia i roto i tona rigidity taitamarikitanga, me te tütü. Life Ko te tona riri iti tamaruhia, engari tonu ia he rangatira fakaaoao nei e kore e aro ki ātete etaeta paruru i to ratou mata o te tirohanga. I te wa, kua Raul kua he mema kaha o te tāmitanga Fidel Castro o, me te kororia o te rangatira whakatakotoria, me te mau tonu.

Family me ngā tamariki

Raul Castro, tona ora whaiaro he tino hiahia i roto i te pāpāho, me te iwi i noho tona ora katoa ki te wahine, nei tutaki ia ki roto ki tona taitamarikitanga. Hoki i 1956, te puni tutu i roto i nga maunga, tutaki ia te tamahine o te mana o te waipiro e Vilma Espin. iwi Young piri e te aroha o te kāinga, me te whakaaro whānui. I roto i te 1959, ua faaipoipohia ratou, ka noho tahi noa mate ia i roto i te 2007. ko ia itoito i roto i te mahi hapori i roto i te whenua, i mahi nga mau ohipa o te wahine tuatahi, mai i whakarerea Fidel i tona wahine. a e wha nga tamariki i te tokorua. Ratou tamahine Mariela Castro ko te ngā mo te tiaki o te tika o paerikiriki fakasekisualé.