Smolny ohu - hanga ngingila o te ruānuku ngingila

Ahakoa ora whakatupuranga ako i roto i ngā kura Soviet, Smolny Convent, noa "Smolny" ranei, ka kia whai pānga ai ki V. I. Leninym. A i muri i kotahi tekau nga tau i roto i te aamu o tenei ensemble hoahoanga o te whārangi e pā ana ki te tau 1917-1918 ka hei te kānapanapa. Na nga ra e whai ake nei i enei ngā, te fakamamahi tino. Te kore ratou, te Smolny Convent Rastrelli e kua noho noa tetahi o te maha mahi nui o te kaihoahoa ngingila.

Ko te ingoa o te wāhitau

Ko te tino ngā, me te tata katoa ahanoa i St Petersburg te hītori rawa o te takenga o te ohu o te ingoa. tenei rohe ko te rohe rohe i mua i te ara o te whakapaipai raki. I roto i te kainga Spasovschina, tonu, te taenga atu ano nga Swedes hanga i runga i te ritenga atu pareparenga Nienschanz pa i runga i te hanga tenei wahi i te pa Jowitt. Wāhi hanga Admiralty - tetahi o nga whare tuatahi o te puta pa-pa. Ko reira hoki ona hiahia, ka hanga te iari uku. A tuu i hoki te ingoa e tika ana titi. Smolny Convent puta konei i muri mai, me te pai kia rite ki te maha nui o ngā i roto i tona ingoa kei te wāhitau o tona wāhi ake, me te ... te wahi o te hītori.

Ko te hiahia o te Empress - te ture

Ko te whakaaro o te putanga o te ohu whakapono no ki te Empress Elizabeth, e kōkiri hēmanawa e pā ana ki to ratou tau. Ua hinaaro oia te rongo, me te ata, me tenei katoa kī reliably te ohu whakapono, i haere ki te riro i te kuini o te abbess. Otiia kihai i te pokano nui o te ara Monastic o te ora i roto i te ariā o te koroheketanga hari, ka whakaratohia te ohu Smolny i atu rite kura mō kotiro taitamariki o whanau rangatira. Noatia, i whai te whakamarie o noho noa tetahi o nga tamariki 120. Takitaha he fare motuhake ki nga ratonga tika katoa - he ahua o motuhake, fare whakamarie. I te abbess ano i reira ki te waiho i te whare motuhake.

kaihoahoa nui o St. Petersburg

Ko te kōwhiringa o te wāhi - he takoha ki te taitamariki tau pau i roto i te Smolny whare (te ingoa tuarua o te Maiden), i roto i te ahua o te whare herehere, i te wō o Anny Ioannovny.

Francesco Rastrelli, tama a te rongonui Charles Rastrelli, i taua wa tū te pou o tino kaihoahoa o St Petersburg. I whakaakona e ia ki te hanga i te raa Novodevichy Convent. I roto i te 1744, kua hangaia te kaihoahoa ngingila he putanga katoa hou o te ahanoa tikanga,, tahi ki te whare a tawhio noa, kua meinga nei e te āhuatanga hou i roto i te hoahoanga hahi.

Ko te huarahi taketake

Ko te āhuatanga tino nui ko te ngaro oti o te taiepa kohatu. ko te take i kiia ai te meka e kore e kia katia te institution ohu whakapono, tera liaki katoa o te ora fakamāmaní, a ka waiho, kaua, he teitei mātauranga institution mo nga kotiro ware, tenei. I te 1748 i whakatakotoria te kohatu tuatahi. I tae te hui i te Empress. Kei te hoko a Rastrelli Smolny Convent tetahi o nga whare tino nui o te whenua.

Mua kia reira

Ko e ahua hiahia o te wahine. Na hiahia te atu katoa te Empress. Na inaianei, i roto i te 1849, he hukihuki tuatahi o Redesigns. Tuatahi, heke reira ki te rahi tano o te pourewa pere rohe, e Rastrelli 140 mita te teitei, me te i roto i te taikaha o te tōna whare Pita ko Paora. I roto i te kaupapa hou, i reira he āhuatanga o te monasteries Russian tawhito. I roto i ngā, whakarato reira mo domes: te pokapū - nui, me te nui - karapotia e te hunga iti wha.

hanga o te rau tau

He ensemble hou o Smolny Convent, he nui o te moni me te mahi. I roto i 1754 ka haere mai te kaupapa Elizabeth. ko ona taha ki te hanga ake 6.5 mita i roto i te whanui, a e kua paunatia 20,000 pauna - He aha kite ia kia nui ai ia mau tonu gigantomania ka whakahau hoki maka ratou uri te pere e e kua 'Apisaí te Tsar Bell ohorere ia. Engari ka mate te Empress i mua tae ratou i te whakatohungatanga nui. Smolny Convent wareware.

kupu wareware

e kore te rima tau kawea i roto i tetahi mahi. Te kore domes me pourewa pere, pani matatini tupuria ki pakiwaitara pouri. War taonga maheni hoki, Catherine II, te tango i te Rastrelli i mahi. Hoki kotahi tekau nga tau, i 1785 ki te 1795 tau, whakahaere te mahi te, ka piri te reira. A, ki te kahore i puta ake ai ki te haerenga mai o te Empress Educational Society hou mō ngā kōtiro i te mau utuafare rangatira, nei i ki te ora vahi, Smolny Convent i St Petersburg e kua noho nga Ropu - i reira i ora ai 20 anake Nuns.

Ki te taeraa Paora "kotiro pai" ( "smolyanok" ranei, rite i huaina ratou) panaia ki te noho i runga i te pouaru wahi takoto kau. Oia mau, i reira e taua whare, te wahi, i roto i te noa'tu o ratou ataahua, kore tetahi e taea wera i te wahi.

ka haere mai te rangatira

Fully oti te hanga o Nicholas I. tonu te reira i te wa unprecedentedly roa - 87 tau. Kaihoahoa V. P. Stasov, toa he whakataetae, faaho'ihia mai, ka whakahokia karakia mo nga tau e toru, a anake i roto i 1835, whakatapua te matatini i. ka mohiotia e ia kia rite ki te Cathedral o whare mātauranga katoa. Faauruhia e te ataahua o te waho, i te mea he Smolny Convent (whakaahua he kaiwhakaatu), kua tamata rangatira Russian ki te hanga tika i te roto o te Rastrelli nui. whakapaipai te whare i te mapere pōro, i hanga karaihe pou, me te mahi altarpiece Vasnetsov Smolny Convent taonga ahurei o te ahurea Russian. Ko te mea anake e kore i oti, tenei pourewa, i, i roto i te parau tumu, i kahore pānga i runga i te ahua o te whare karakia. Ko te ataahua.

I tčnei wā, taka katoa ki wahi

Otiia ki te noho i roto i tenei tūnga ki te ohu ki te ra hakari kihai i hoatu te revolution, i muri i nei i tenei taonga ara whakamahia rite te whare putunga. I katia te hoa rawakore, haere i te ringa ki te ringa; i roto i 1990 whakamahia te whare kei te rite te whare kōnohete me whakaaturanga.

Ko te wā tuatahi i muri i te inoi kia maha puritia anake konei i roto i te 2009. Mai 2010, te Smolny Cathedral te whakamahia hoki tona whakaaro e tūmanakohia ana - he reira tuwhera mō te koropiko. I roto i te 2011, tata he rau nga tau i muri mai, tū i roto i te Smolny Cathedral i koropiko Kirihimete.