Tätari ira i te whakamahere hapūtanga: te whakaahuatanga, ngā āhuatanga me ngā tūtohutanga

Whakamahere mō te fakatupú whānau hou pai maitai tino. Teuteu mo te rironga o te mana tino nui, me te kawenga i roto i te ora - i te matua - e rapu te huarahi tino fakamātoato. O te akoranga, e korero matou e pā ana ki te hauora o whaea me matua heke mai. Matau tenei pātai ka tauturu i te whakamātautau hauora whānui, e tika ngā tätari ira.

A, no te whakamahere i te hapūtanga hoki tonoa ratou tukunga kore anake ki nga wahine, i roto i te mua tata, tākuta, e kowhetewhete, ka karanga "starorodyaschimi". I teie mahana, aivanaa i roto i te mara o te engineering ira ka tae ki te mutunga e kia tango ano te tātaritanga taua wahine i runga i te 25 tau o te tau.

whakamātautau ira Basic mō wahine hapu

Roto i te hapūtanga He tino nui ki te whakahaere i lactogen placental. tātari ira ka taea whakamahere hapūtanga whakatau i tona taumata - e whakatau reira te tūponotanga o te materoto noa, whanaketanga atu o te hapūtanga, me te tona kino mo te pohokore o te kukune mole atú oti ranei.

nui hoki ko te whakamāramatanga o te gonadotropin chorionic tangata. Ko te taumata o tenei taiaki ki te whakatau i te hapūtanga i te rā ka taea tuatahi. Taua tātaritanga ira ka whakamahere i te hapūtanga (kihai i nui rite ki te aituä ratou ake hauora, me te ora o kongakonga te utu) e kawea i roto i te serum toto.

e tauturu i te Hua o te ako ki obstetrician-rata mātai ki te kitea i roto i te tohu o te riri o te whakamutunga o te hapūtanga, me te tūponotanga tūmanakohia o pōauautanga i te kopu.

Ko te tūranga o iranga i roto i te hapū whakamahere mahi

tätari ira i te whakamahere hapūtanga ngā atu rangahau ki te āta aromatawai i te tūponotanga o ngā pathologies e kia ara ake i te kau o te haputanga me te hanganga o te ira. Ko te utu o taua rangahau maha anake te fakafaingata'a'ia'anga ki to ratou wahi, engari nga painga, e kawe ratou ki a ratou, te piriponotanga tata taea.

Ko te pātai o te whai take o te tiaki tamaiti i mua nei, ko te kore anake kawea te whaea ia e iwa marama i raro i tona ngakau. Ki te mate tuku me abnormalities prenatal, puta te marama i runga i toharite katoa tamaiti 20. Me'a fakamamahí, ki inihua ratou uri heke mai i whiwhi i tetahi kohakore taea kore kotahi tokorua. Whakamōhio i te ine mahora ngā i roto i te DNA pūtau priori taumata taea. I tua atu, ko te raruraru, ko te meka i whakahaere tātari ira o te toto i roto i te whakamahere hapūtanga, e whakaatu ana hua manakohia, ētahi wā e kore e kī whanaketanga pai: ko te tūponotanga o te takanga o irakētanga hou i roto i te iroriki o ngā pūtau mātua, tae atu i te mōrea o te ahunga whakamua o ngā ira noa i roto i te pathological , tonu tonu.

Ko wai e whakaora te tātaritanga iranga i roto i te wahi tuatahi?

Ko nga painga o te wā tohutohu ira hauora me ngā rautaki tātaritanga prenatal te āwhina ki te whakamahere i te hapūtanga me te ārai o te whanau o te tamaiti ki te pathologies mahu.

E kore e maha mau utuafare taitamariki e moemoea ki riro i roto i te mau metua e tata ana i mua nei e mohio he aha tätari ira ka whakamahere hapūtanga i ki te haere ratou. I tua atu, Me ki kia hipoki pai i mua i te hapūtanga he whakahauanga etahi rōpū o te iwi. Ēnei kāwai ngā tangata me nga wahine i mōrearea ira, ara:

• faaipoipo, i reira tapaea he hītori o te iti rawa tetahi o nga hoa faaipoipo i te ma'i rahi i roto i te whānau;
• tetahi o nga hoa faaipoipo, i roto i te aamu o te rakau whakapapa i i take o wahi irawaru;
• wahine e whai mâtutuhia, a ka whanau ki ngā pēpi mate ranei i te tātaritanga o "pākoko" kahore tātaritanga hauora āta whakapumautia;
• E poke mātua ki radiation, matū kino;
• Wahine me te tangata e pau waipiro i te wa o te haputanga inenga teratogenic ranei tikanga e taea meinga pea malformation fetal.

I te aha tau kia whakamatauria hoki abnormalities pūira?

Kia pehea te nui e tātari ira ka whakamahere hapūtanga, ka mohio wahine iti iho i te 18, a ko runga te tau o 35, me nga tangata, ka whiti te paepae o-tau 40-tau. Ka rite ki kua whakahuatia, ko te mōrea o ngā irakētanga i roto i ira takitahi, me te DNA pūtau piki i roto i te haereraa tauhanga ki ia tau e haere.

Haere i te tätari ira ka whakamahere tano kia he hapūtanga hei faaipoipo katoa, kahore okotahi.

Ki te rā, te tau nui o mate riro, tuku i whakatupuranga ki whakatupuranga - te take matua mō te he ki te haere i roto i te ako ki taitamariki faaipoipo katoa, kahore okotahi. I tua atu, tuwhera atu me te ake mate hou iranga hou kahore hoki e mutu tau tonu.

whakamātau ira - he taahiraa nui i roto i te whakamahere mō te hapū

Noatia, ngā i roto i te tinana o nga mātua nga ira katoa e whai i te pūmanawa mo te irakētanga, e kore e taea. Kaua tātari ira ka whakamahere i te hapūtanga kore e taea te hoatu i te kī tūturu e te ngā faaipoipo whanau tamaiti tino hauora kahore abnormalities tuku. Na, ki te whakamārama i he mātu'aki mahu'inga ki te ariā me te faaineineraa tūturu mō te hapū i te tohu o te tūpono.

Ko te kupu, ka ui te mau metua pea mo tokoni i roto i te Medical Genetics Center. Ka rite ki ngā tohunga ka whakahaere i te rangahau, me tetahi tätari ira ka whakamahere hapūtanga hiahia ratou ki te haere whakahauanga? ka tauturu i te pākiki te whakatau tokomaha underwritten.

ngā nui ki geneticists tākuta

Ko te wāhanga tuatahi o te rangahau - iranga mātanga tohutohu, i roto i nei tirohia āta me i taipitopito te tākuta rawa i roto i te kāwai whānau o ia matua pea. tika aro Special geneticists hauora āhuatanga mōrearea tiketike mō te tamaiti. Ko ratou:

• mate ira me te mama ma'i, me te papa;
• taero whakamahia ngā mātua tūmanako;
• tikanga me te kounga o te ora, tikanga ora;
• ngā mahi ngaio;
• te huarere me ngā āhuatanga taiao, me te t. d.

Oddly nui, engari he wāhi nui mō iranga he whakautu ki noa, te toto me te mimi whakamātautau katoa mua, te mutunga etahi tohunga kuiti (tafe'anga, toketā neave, a na i runga i. D.). E mea pinepine, whakahau tohunga faaipoipo tātaritanga karyotype. Te whakatau e tino nui i roto i te take o te mau faaipoiporaa irawaru, feitama maha, materoto te maha, me te kounga o te pūira i roto i mau mama hou me Dads, ki te tātari, engari pākoko tākaha.

Kia pehea te nui he whakamātautau ira?

Ko te utu o te tātari ira, te whakamahere i te hapūtanga, ka karanga "pato hľa" i roto i ngā Moscow Medical Genetics Center pae i 5000 ki te 9000 moni, i runga i te whanui o te predisposition ako ki pathologies rānei.

ka tauturu i te ako haere i te taote-iranga ki te whakatau whāinga e pā ana ki te tūponotanga o te rongo ki ngā āhuatanga kino. tätari ira i whakamahere hapūtanga ka tukua ki te hanga i te takitahi, matapae tika āhua o te āhua o te hauora heke mai tonu. Ko reira he ako o tenei momo ka āwhina i ki korero i te tūpono kiia e motuhake mate tuku o te tamaiti. Ka taea e te tākuta te hoatu tohutohu āwhina, i meinga nei hei te pūtake mō faaipoipo, moe o hoko he matua tonu o te kōhungahunga hauora.

Tūponotanga o whanautanga o ngā tamariki ira mate

I tua atu, i te uara o e whakatau te mōrea o te aroaro o te predisposition ngā, e hua ana ki nga tātari. Kei te mate ira te whakamahere i te hapūtanga, ranei, kaua ki te tūponotanga o ratou tupu i roto i nga kongakonga he kaha'ú, whanganga rite te ōrau:

1. I mōrea iti (10%) ngā mātua manukanuka. tätari katoa tohu e tenei faaipoipo whanau hauora i roto i te katoa wehi ana i te tamaiti.
2. Ki te toharite o (10 ki te 20%) i te piki te mōrea, me te taea o te whanau o te manawanui o te tamaiti, ko te ngā rite ki te tūponotanga o te whanau o te tamaiti ki tonu. Ka tenei hapūtanga e haere tahi i te aroturuki tupato o te wahine te whanau prenatal: ultrasound auau, chorionic villus tauira.
3. I mōrea tiketike e tūtohu (20%) tākuta faaipoipo ki te whakamanawanui i haputanga ki te ārai te hapūtanga. Ko te tūponotanga e e ka whanau te tamaiti ki te mate ira, he tupono nui teitei o puta i runga i te tamaiti hauora whanau. Ka rite ki te rerekē ki tenei tohunga āhuatanga e taea whakahere he e rua ki te whakamahi i hua kaituku parāoa ranei, i roto i runga i te hōtaka IVF.

Rangahau i roto i te hapū wawe

Te ahoaho o ngā mātua i roto i tetahi take e kore e utu i te reira. E tino te tūpono o ia i te tamaiti ora noa i te mōrearea tiketike. Hei matau aha whakarato tātari ira ka whakamahere hapūtanga, kia whakarongo ki te taiwhanga tātaritanga mehua malformations i roto i te ngā tuatahi.

Tata mai i te tīmatanga o te roa-tatari hoki maha ngā mātua hapūtanga taea te kitea, a ki te mea he OK ki te hua nga mea katoa? Kimihia i roto i ahakoa i reira e tetahi mate ira riro i roto i te tamaiti kia kia i utero.

Methods mo te tātaritanga ira o te hapūtanga

E taea e ki te whakamahi i te rota o tikanga me ngā tikanga mo te tātaritanga whāinga o te wahine hapu, me te kukune Doctors. Oia mau, e taea te kite i te aroaro o hē me abnormalities whanaketanga roa i mua i whanau i te tamaiti te. Katoa tau te ahunga whakamua o te taputapu ultrasound me rangahau taiwhanga i runga i te tika o te tūponotanga ake i. I tua atu, tākuta hoatu matua ki taua tikanga tātaritanga rite āta i roto i te tau torutoru mua. Ko te "nui" rangahau pōtitanga. he āki hoki nga wahine hapu katoa āta.

Foaki ira tātari tika hoki te katoa!

Te aha e mea e tika ana ki te tango i whakamātautau ira, ara te hunga kahore e nei e i mōrea? Ko te whakahoki ki tenei pātai he tika ki tatauranga matekiri. Hei tauira, tamariki whanau ki Down syndrome i roto i te mau metua vahine i runga i te tau o 35 tau, hawhe anake. I roto i te hawhe o nga wahine i roto i te whanau he rota o taitamariki wahine kihai i nei i tae noa 25 tau o te tau e toe ana. I roto i nga wahine nei, kua meinga whaea o tamariki ki te pīari pūira, 3 anake% i te pou i roto i te ANC whanau kāri pēpi o mua ki te mate taua. Ko, i reira he kore feaa mate e ira - ehara i te mea he hopearaa o te tau o te mau metua.

A ape i haere i te whakamātautau mō te rapunga o abnormalities pūira i roto i te kukune i te predisposition ki ngā ira mate i roto i te heke mai ranei, e kore ano hapu kore e te tamaiti kia. Te whakatau i te aroaro o tetahi mate i te wā wawe o ratou whanaketanga - na mua o māuiuitanga. Homai nga taea o rongoā hou, e kore ki te hanga i te taahiraa ki te kongakonga roa-tatali e kia tano, me te mākahi ki a ia.