Waiho kararehe warowaihā. warowaihā Rahui i roto i te pūtau kararehe he glycogen māngaro ranei? Ka rite ki rāhui warowaihā i huaina pūtau kararehe?

Katoa mahi matüora o ngā pūtau kararehe taea te whakarāpopoto i te rua ngā kupu: "taonga" me "moni". Ko te teina i te tinana, te atu te tukanga o te ariā me te haaputuputuraa o matū waro e mua roa i runga i to ratou wāhinga me te whakapaunga. Ko ohie te take: ki te tupu me te ki "hanga" tou tinana, e hiahia ana koe he rota o te rauemi kirihou me, o te akoranga, pūngao. Ko te pūtau rauemi hanga matua ko te pūmua, tino me te pūngao pūhui hoatu - glycogen.

Kei te whakaaro te reira i te rāhui rāhui warowaihā i roto i te ate, me te kōhiwi te uaua o kararehe: e rua kararehe me te tangata. Ka kia oti rawa te ako o ona āhuatanga, me te ki tenei mahi.

He aha a te wahi e tōkena tatou

I te taumata o te kararehe pūtau matū e synthesized ka whiwhi i roto i ona wae hanganga - organelles. E synthesized pūmua i roto i ribosomes, lipids, me te warowaihā - i roto i te awa o te kiriuwhi maeneene. I roto i te kararehe e putu rakau o matū waro i roto i te uaua, ate, ngako subcutaneous kōhiwi, me te repe. Warowaihā kararehe e manawapa he glycogen, synthesized nei i kūhuka roto i te toto.

Kei te hanga e te reira i rite te hua o ngā kai dissimilation, e ngā, i roto i ngā, māngaro huawhenua: taro, rīwai, raihi. E pakaru ēnei matū ki raro i roto i te mangai, puku, me duodenum. Ko reira ratou pirau matua. Kei te riro te kūhuka hua ki te tōiti toto o te Villi o te whēkau iti, me te ka kawea e te toto ki nga uaua, me te ate, te wahi e synthesized reira rahui warowaihā o kararehe, me te tangata.

He aha te mea glycogen

Ahakoa te ingoa o te taonga he reira, te kupu "glycosylation", i iritihia i Kariki tikanga "reka", kua reira tata kore e pangia e. Te nuinga pea, te ingoa tohu e no te reira ki te piha haapiiraa o te warowaihā matatini, e roto i te toenga o te kūhuka, reka tino reka. Glycogen kua te ahua o te structureless paura ma. He hydrophilic reira ka hanga te otinga colloidal rite ki te waiu. Ka rite ki te warowaihā rāhui i roto i te pūtau kararehe, hydrolyzed he hukarau te i roto i te taiao waikawa i roto i te maha o ngā wāhanga. Ko nga hua o tona pāhekoheko ki te wai he dextrins, atu - maltose, a te hopea, te kūhuka. Ka rite ki te ranunga polymer e te puka o glycogen branched rāpoi mekameka o rerekē puranga.

āhuatanga matüora

Kua whakapumautia e matou i te meka e glycogen ko te warowaihā rāhui o ngā pūtau kararehe. Rahui āpiha o tenei momo mamae i roto i te cytoplasm o hepatocytes, leukocytes me myocyte rua tukanga tahi ritenga. Origin: dissimilation, ārahi ki te tuku o ngā rāpoi ngota kūhuka i me te tuarua - whakawhenumi, e whakawhiti ki te manawapa polymer kūhuka te taikaha - glycogen. piki te reira i roto i te tinana, me te ko te taonga o te pūngao i whakamahia i roto i te tukanga o te ora kararehe, me te tangata.

Ka rite ki te māngaro kararehe synthesized

A haamana'o na e, i te wāhi matū o te tirohanga, he mea he pūhui macromolecular - polymer ki te toenga waetahi e α-d kūhuka. E E hono ana ratou e glycosidic here, kua hiahiatia whakahohenga, arā, te "tu-" hexose sigma-here waro kōhiwi. tutuki tēnei i roto i te tauhohe hexokinase pera-ka karanga. warowaihā rāhui Animal synthesized i te kūhuka-6-Phosphate. Tenei taonga - he hua o te hexokinase tauhohenga. catalyzes te whākōkī roto te huarahi i runga ake-whakahuatia i roto i te cytoplasm ngā pūtau tākihi, kahu mucosal o te whēkau iti me te ate o te kararehe, me te tangata.

rärangi o te glycogen

Ka rite ki te mea kua kite tatou i mua i te warowaihā rāhui i roto i ngā pūtau kararehe, he māngaro - glycogen. whakakitea rangahau matüora e kore e taea e tona wāhinga te tango i te wahi i waho te whai wāhitanga o te pūmua whākōkī motuhake - phosphorylase. mahi te reira i roto i te reo te waikawa i roto i te aroaro o ngā rāpoi ngota Phosphate pararopi. riro kaha Sam whākōkī i raro i te mana o te taiaki pancreatic - glucagon. Ko tōna aroaro i roto i te toto tohu e te taumata o te kūhuka i roto i tona iti. Na reira, mobilizes te kaiao kararehe warowaihā rāhui - glycogen me tīmata ki te wahia iho, ki te tiki atu wahi kūhuka.

huaina ana tēnei tukanga ko glycogenolysis. kitea Neurophysiologists e ahotea hormones - Adrenaline me noradrenaline whakaputaina e te repe adrenal, whakapataritari hoki glycogenolysis.

Te ate, me tona tūranga i roto i te pākia o warowaihā

I roto i te koiora, te repe kūnatu nui o kararehe i huaina wheketere matüora. Ko e mo'oni, ko reira nui atu te tauhohe enzymatic e whakarite te utu o te mea, me te pūngao, arā, pākia. Ka rite ki kua matau, warowaihā rāhui i roto i te pūtau kararehe he glycogen. Ko tōna pirau hohoro arahi ki waiwai o te kūhuka toto - te puna matua o te pūngao mō ngā whāngote me te tangata katoa.

māngaro kararehe ngaro utua i roto i o ratou tinana e te fariiraa i kai starchy: potato, witi, me te raihi. E ngohengohe ana ki te kinonga i roto i te wahi kūnatu katoa o enei hua, a ka tomo te kūhuka hua te bloodstream, me i reira - i roto i ngā pūtau, ngā uaua kōhiwi, me te ate. E synthesized ratou māngaro kararehe i te paru - glyukopirofosforilazy.

He aha ngā tukanga puta i roto i te uaua kōhiwi

Ka rite ki i roto i te ate, i roto i te myocyte - pūtau uaua, kohikohi māngaro kararehe. Mai te uaua papatipu he nui nui atu te taimaha o te ate, me te ihirangi glycogen i roto ia ratou he nui teitei. I roto i mahi tīmata māngaro kararehe ki te wahia. i hanga waikawa lactic te tika ki te glycolysis, tomo te reira i te bloodstream me te kawea ki te ate me te tākihi ngā pūtau. I roto i a ratou i roto i o ngā rāpoi ngota waikawa lactic rua synthesized ia kamiriona o te kūhuka, ka te nei iritihia ki te hukarau rāhui. Ko te tauhohenga e wahi te whakamahi i te pūngao o ATP. Ko te kupu, he glycogen putu e myocytes, hepatocytes, tākihi pūtau cortical, pūtau myocardial me te pukapuka pūtau whakakapinga warowaihā kararehe.

Ko te tūranga o te pūmua whākōkī i te pākia o te māngaro kararehe

Ka rite ki kī i mua, whakakapinga o ngā pūtau kararehe warowaihā huaina glycogen. Ka rite ki te hua o te rua tohutohu tahi ritenga i roto i te pākia: wehenga me te hononga, he wāhi i roto i enei tauhohe hoki reira. faafariuraa Mutualé o te kūhuka ki glycogen me hoki he taea anake ka whai wāhi i roto i enei tauhohenga ko te pūnaha whākōkī matatini. Kei roto te reira i kaiwhakakökï glikogenogeneza pērā i phosphoglucomutase (faafariu te kūhuka 6-Phosphate ki te kūhuka-1-Phosphate) me glyukopirofosforilaza UDF- (irreversibility whakarato glycogen kōtuitanga). tauhohe wāhinga puta i roto i te aroaro o te glycogen me rua whākōkī raupapa piri i roto i te glycogen wana mekameka taha. Ko te pūnaha o te paru i runga ake-whakahuatia mahi anake i runga i te utu o te glycogen i roto i te pūtau kararehe heterotrophic, na te whakautu tika ki te whakamātautau pātai: warowaihā rāhui i roto i ngā pūtau kararehe, ko: 1.Krahmal 2 glycogen? - Ko te tauākī i te tau 2.

pākia te warowaihā me ona nunu'a

I runga i nga meka homai i runga i kitea e matou e te warowaihā rāhui i roto i te pūtau kararehe he glycogen. Ka taea te meinga e rua ngā momo o ngā take maumaui o tona pākia. Ko te tuatahi - he hapa i roto i te kai, me te āhua noho, te tuarua - hē whanau i roto i te pūnaha whākōkī o te tinana. Whakatakotoria he o whākōkī e pā ana ki reira, he kawenga hoki te wāwāhi rua o māngaro kararehe, me ona tohu o te kūhuka i kitea i roto i te toto. Na reira puta pathologies rite i roto i te tauhohe o te pākia e kirihou, me te pūngao. E huaina ratou glycogen. Ka rite ki tautuhi i runga, whakakapinga warowaihā i roto i te pūtau kararehe ko piki glycogen matua i roto i te ate, me te uaua kōhiwi. No reira, e rua ngā momo o syndromes: uaua, me te ate etiology. Ko te rōpū tuatahi ngā glycogen rokiroki momo mate V. E kore e te manawanui hua te phosphorylase whākōkī. arata'i tenei ki te ahua i roto i te hromoproteidov mimi - myoglobin tukua i roto i te mahi ā-tinana taimaha. Nā tēnei, i roto i te rärangi o te uaua kiko, me te ahua o āhua takiri.

Ki te ate syndrome ngā mate o Gierke. Puta i te reira tino maha i valevalé. Tūroro i roto i ngā pūtau ate hapa te whākōkī e liliu te hua tuatahi o te wāhinga o glycogen ki te kūhuka i te toto o te manawanui kia reira ko te taumata tino iti o te huka (gipoglikimiya) me te hauwaiwaro i roto i te mimi puta, meinga te haurangi o te rauropi.

I roto i tenei tuhinga uiuia maua nga tikanga o te māngaro kararehe pākia - glycogen e rerengia ana i roto i ngā pūtau kararehe me te tangata.