Waitara - he aha te mea tenei? Waitara peita: māngai me mahi

Ko reira te natura taata ki te kōmaka i roto i nga mea katoa, katoa i runga i te wahi ki te kitea, ka hoatu te ingoa. Ko reira uaua rawa ki te mahi i roto i te toi, te wahi te taranata - ko te kāwai e kore e e tukua te tangata ki te kotēhia ranei te au hou katoa i roto i te whaiaronga pūtau-whakahau whānui. Waitara - Ko tenei he taua mea. Mō ia tautohe hoki neke atu i te rau tau.

Abstractio - aukati, wehenga

tikanga whakaputa o te peita - he aho, āhua, tae. Ki te wehea ratou e koe i te uara faufaa, tohutoro me ngā rōpū, hei ratou tino, pūmau. korero Plato o te pono, te ataahua matau o ngā rārangi torotika, me te āhua āhuahanga. ka tuwhera te ngaro o rite tuhituhi ki ngā tūturu te ara mo te pānga i runga i te tahi mea pūtirotiro atu unknown, uaua ki te mahara noa. Ko te uara toi o te pikitia ano ki kia runga ake i te faufaa o te mea tohu te reira, pera me te peita pūmanawa hanga te ao hou o te rongo.

Na totohe ana toi faaapî. Hoki ratou, te waitara - ko te ara ki te rapu mō ngā mahi toi hou e whai mana i mua ta'ehanotatau.

Age New - te toi hou

tautohe fakaangá e tenei waitara. kōrero Art takare ai tiakina ratou whakaaro mā te whakakī i roto i wahi wātea i roto i te hītori o te peita waitara. Ko te nuinga whakaae ki te wa o tona whanau i roto i te 1910 i roto i Munich, Wassily Kandinsky (1866-1944) faaite ia tona mahi "Untitled. (Waitara peita wai Tuatahi). "

I maoro Kandinsky i roto i tona pukapuka "I te Fakalaumālié i roto i te Art" whakapuakina te kaupapa o te au hou.

Ko te mea matua - he mana'o

e kore ahau e whakaaro e peita waitara puta mai i roto o wahi. whakaatu nga Impressionist te uara hou o te tae, me te marama i roto i te peita. I roto i tenei tūranga kua meinga tirohanga iti rārangi, te pū o hanganga, me ētahi atu I raro i te mana o tenei kāhua ko nga rangatira ārahi katoa o te wā.

Whenua Whistler James (1834-1903), tana "Nocturnes" me "taratimere", Koinei haamana'oraa o te masterpieces o kaipeita expressionist waitara. E te ara, synaesthesia a Whistler ko Kandinsky - te kaha ki te hoatu tae te reo o te taonga ngā. A peita i runga i a ratou mahi tangi ano he waiata.

I roto i nga mahi o Paora Cézanne (1839-1906), rawa i roto i te wā i muri mai o tona mahi, puka whakarerekētia o te ahanoa, whiwhi i te ahua motuhake o te faaiteraa. No miharo Cézanne huaina te matamua o te Cubism.

Nuinga te ahunga whakamua

ka mau āhua toi waitara i roto i te i runga i kotahi i roto i te ahunga whakamua whānui o te ao. I roto i pūkenga whakaohokia e nga ariā hou i roto i te rapunga whakaaro me te hinengaro, rapu toi hononga o te ao wairua, me te rauemi, te takitahi, me te hanganga. Na, Kandinsky i roto i o ratou whakapaua e hāngai ana ariā oti'a te i runga i te whakaaro whakahuatia i roto i te pukapuka theosophical Eleny Blavatskoy (1831-1891).

ngā āhuatanga taketake i roto i te ahupūngao, te matū, te huri koiora te ao, te kaha o te pānga tangata i runga i te natura. Kua heke Hangarau ahunga whakamua tauine te whenua, te tauine o te ao.

Ki te whanaketanga tere o te whakaahua, faaoti maha toi ki te hoatu ia i te mahi tuhi. tohe ratou: kua peita reira tārua, a ka hanga i te mooni hou.

toi waitara - ko reira he revolution. Na ite iwi pūmanawa ki tautuhinga hinengaro tairongo: i reira mai te wa o te huringa pāpori. kihai i ratou hape. timata te rau tau rua tekau, me te haere tonu i te nekehanga tuatahi i roto i te ora o te ao katoa.

Matua - Founders

Te taha ki Kandinsky, i nga timatanga o te au hou tu Kazimir Malevich (1879-1935) me te Dutchman Piet Mondrian (1872-1944).

Ko wai e kore e mohio ki te "Black Square" e Malevich? Mai tona ahua i roto i 1915, i ngā ia me ngaio, me te iwi noa. Ētahi kite reira rite te mutunga mate, te tahi atu - ohie rawa. Ko te umanga katoa o te ariki te kupu ki te whakatuwhera i Horizons hou i roto i te toi o te neke whakamua.

Ko te ariā o Suprematism (supremus Latin -. Te teitei), whakawhanakehia e Malevich, pehē te tuatahi o te tae i roto i te tahi atu tikanga o te peita, rite te tukanga peita ko te mahi o Fakatupú, "toi parakore" i roto i te tikanga rawa. tohu hohonu a waho Suprematism taea te kitea i roto i nga mahi, me toi o nāianei, kaihoahoa me kaihoahoa.

i te taua pānga kua runga i te whakatupuranga i muri o auaha Mondrian. Neoplastitsizm kua hāngai ki runga ki te kōtuitui o puka me te whakamahi tupato o tuwhera, tae kore-fakakehei. Direct Black whakapae a poutū i runga i te papamuri ma te hanga i te tukutuku ki ngā pūtau rahi rerekē o, a kua ki tonu i te pūtau ki te tae rohe. whakatenatena papa reo Expressiveness te toi ki to ratou whakaaro auaha, i matapo tārua. kaitoi waitara me kaihoahoa whakamahi ina hanga i te tino tūturu taonga. Tino maha e kitea tohu mondrianovskie i roto i kaupapa hoahoanga.

Russian Five and Seven - te ngā whiti

i ngā farii ki nga whakaaro o tona teina toi Russian - Kandinsky me Malevich. Rawa pararopi pai enei whakaaro ki roto ki te wā, ki te paroro o te whanautanga, me te hanganga o te tikanga pāpori hou. puta te ariā o Suprematism i Liubov Popova (1889-1924) me te Alexander Rodchenko (1891-1956) i roto i te mahi o te Hanganga, i nei kua he mana ngā i runga i te hoahoanga hou. Whakaurunga i hanga i roto i taua tau e tonu te ako e kaihoahoa katoa i runga i te ao.

Michael Larionov (1881-1964) me te Natalia Goncharova (1881-1962) ka kaiwhakatū Rayonism rayonizma ranei. tamata ratou ki te whakaatu i te hihi intertwining rerekē me rererangi marama tukuna e nga mea e hua i te ao.

I roto i te nekehanga whai wāhi cubofuturists me whiti, whai wāhi Aleksandra Ester (1882-1949) i ngā wā rerekē, e Rawiri Burliuk (1882-1967), Olga Rozanova (1886-1918), Nadezhda Udaltsova (1886-1961).

ko tonu peita waitara faaiteraa tino o whakaaro. Kua riri ēnei whakaaro i te mana o te kāwanatanga totalitarian. I roto i te USSR, a muri i roto i ideologues Nasí Germany hohoro whakaritea he aha te ahua o te toi, ka waiho reira mārama me hiahia koutou iwi, me te taha o nga 40s wawe o te toi waitara pokapū whanaketanga rautau rua tekau oho ki Amerika.

Ko te takere o te rere

Waitara - he whakamāramatanga kaua papu ore. Nga wahi katoa e kore e te ahanoa toi i te faaauraa raima i roto i te ao, kōrero e pā ana ki oti'a. I roto i te rotarota, waiata, ori, hoahoanga. I roto i te ataata puka toi me ngā momo o tenei au ko tino kanorau.

Ka taea e koe te tīpako i te momo e whai ake nei o te toi waitara i roto i te hoho'a peni:

- hanganga Tae: i roto i te wāhi o te tae rau - rewa te mea matua, me te ahanoa e i roto i te kēmu peita (Kandinsky, Frank Kupka (1881-1957), orfist ROBER Delone (1885-1941), Mark Rothko (1903-1970), Barnett Newman (1905- 1970)).

- oti'a Geometric - atu maramarama, puka tātari o te peita Five and Seven. whakakahore te reira i te wā rārangi, me te tokonga o te hohonu, ka whakatau i te hononga o ngā āhua āhuahanga (Malevich, Mondrian, elementarist Theo van Doesburg (1883-1931), Josef Albers (1888-1976), he muimui op toi Victor Vazareli (1906-1997)).

- oti'a expressive - he mea nui rawa te tukanga o te peita, ia ētahi wā tikanga tono, pērā i, mo te tauira, tashists (i tache o - tafetafeta) (Dzhekson Pollok (1912-1956), tashists Zhorzh Mato (1921-2012), Willem de Kooning (1904-1997), Robert Motherwell (1912-1956)).

- itinga - he hoki ki nga takenga mai o te toi Five and Seven. E tino kowaiwai o ngā hononga o waho, me te rōpū (Frank Stella (g.r.1936), Shon Skalli (g.r.1945), Ellsworth Kelly (g.r.1923)) Images.

Waitara - tawhiti i roto i te mua?

Na, he aha te mea toi waitara inaianei? Na ka taea e koe te pānui i te ipurangi e peita waitara - mea o te mua. Russian Five and Seven, he tapawha pango - ko wai me te reira? Na tere me te mōhiohio wā tika.

Information: Ko tētahi o nga kowaiwai tino utu i roto i te 2006, hokona hoki neke atu i te $ 140 miriona .. Kei te karanga a te reira «№5.1948», kaituhi - Dzhekson Pollok, he ngangahau waitara.