Whakaaro reira te tīariari. Rene Dekart: "whakaaro ahau, koia ahau i te tīariari"

Te whakaaro, whakaarohia e Descartes, "whakaaro ahau, koia ahau i te tīariari" (i roto i te tangi taketake rite ergo Cogito moni), - he tauākī i i tuatahi puaki roa i mua, hoki i roto i te rau tau 17. Kei te whakaaro te reira teie mahana te tauākī taumauri, te tikanga he āhuatanga taketake o te whakaaro o ngā wā hou, atu tika, rationalism Western. Kua puritia whakaae rongonui i roto i te heke mai. I teie mahana, te parau "whakaaro, reira te tīariari" matau o tetahi tangata mātauranga.

Ko te whakaaro o Descartes

whakanekehanga Descartes tenei whakawa rite te tika tuatahi pono, e kore e taea te i ruarua, a konei e taea hanga i te "hanga" matauranga tūturu. e kore e tenei tautohe kia tangohia rite te puka whakataunga "whakaaro te tetahi e vai, whakaaro ahau, na te tīariari ahau." Ko te ngako o taua mea, i runga i te anga ke, i roto i te samodostovernosti, taunakitanga o te oraraa rite te kaupapa whakaaro: tetahi mahi o te whakaaro (me whānui - te wheako o te mahara, māngai, no te mea e kore te whakaaro whāiti ki te cogito) kitea te faaohiparaa i, whakaaro ki te para huritao. E pā ana tēnei ki te mahi o te mahara samoobnaruzhenie kaupapa: whakaaro ahau, a ite i feruri tenei whakaaro, i ahau, e tu ana i muri tona ihirangi me mahi.

kōwhiringa formuilirovok

e kore te Kōwhiringa Cogito ergo moni ( «whakaaro, na reira te tīariari") i roto i te mahi tino nui o Descartes whakamahia, ahakoa te kupu o tenei hetia whakamahia hei tautohe i tohutoro ki te mahi i roto i te 1641. wehi Descartes hoki te mea ratou whakamahia ki mua waihanga mahi taea rerekē i te horopaki i roto i i whakamahia e ia te reira i roto i tona whakaaroaro ana, tikanga. Rapu ki te tiki atu i te hanga i tētahi ahua o te tikanga hīkaro motuhake rite mau auraa ngarahu pai tonu o te pono, whaiaro-kitea, te kaituhi o "whakaaro ahau, koia ahau i te tīariari" tango te wahi tuatahi o te rerenga i runga, a ka rau anake te "Ko ahau" ( "Ko ahau" ). tuhi ia (huritao II), e wa katoa, ka mea tatou "Ko ahau", "Ko ahau", ranei e mohio a ratou i te whakaaro, te whakawa, ka waiho i te reira parau mau o te tikanga.

Ko te puka mua o te whakapuaki, cogito huru, moni ergo (i roto i te translation - "whakaaro ahau, koia ahau i te tīariari"), te tikanga o te mea i teie nei, tumanako matau koutou, puta reira hei tautohe i roto i 1644, e tika ana "Ngaahi Tefito'i Mo'oni o Philosophy". Kua oti te tuhituhi e Descartes i Latin. Heoi, e kore ko tenei anake te reo o ngā whakaaro "whakaaro, reira, te tīariari." I reira hoki etahi.

Mua e Descartes, Augustine

Descartes kore anake mai ki te tautohe "whakaaro ahau, koia ahau i te tīariari." Ko wai ka mea te taua kupu? Whakautu. Roa i mua i tenei whakaaro i te tautohe taua whakaarohia e St. Augustine i tona totohe ki te taunu. Ka taea te kitea i te reira i roto i te pukapuka o te tangata tohe i huaina "Te City o te Atua" (11 pukapuka, 26). tangi pera te parau: Si fallor, moni ( «Ki te ahau he ahau, ka, koia ahau ahau").

Ko te rerekētanga i waenganui i nga whakaaro o Descartes me Aokositaine

Ko te rerekētanga taketake i waenganui i Descartes ko Aokositaine, Heoi, ko te mau hopearaa, whakaaro, me te horopaki tautohe "Na te whakaaro te tīariari".

haamata Augustine tona whakaaro ki te whakapae e te iwi titiro ki to koutou ake wairua, ia ite i te ahua o te Atua i roto i a ratou, tatou mai te tīariari, ka mohio tatou e pā ana ki taua mea, a ka aroha tatou i to tatou matauranga, me te te. hāngai ana tēnei whakaaro taumauri ki te āhua takitoru e pera-ka karanga o te Atua. Augustine whakawhanake tona whakaaro, ka mea e kore ko ia e wehi o tetahi whakahe e pā ana ki te mau parau mau i runga ake i runga i te wahi o te ngā mātauranga e ai ui, "He aha te mea e takoto koe" e mea whakaaro e hoki tenei take vai te reira. No te mea e kore e taea te tinihanga ki reira i te tangata e kore e nei te tīariari.

Titiro ki te whakapono i roto i tona wairua, Augustine i te whakamahi o tenei tautohe mai ki te Atua. titiro Descartes ki ki feaa, me te tae mai ki te mahara, raro, taonga whakaaro, i te mea te whakaritenga taketake ko te ahurei me te mārama. Ko cogito tuatahi ka marie ai, e whakaahua ana mea katoa i roto i te Atua. Tuarua - problematize mea katoa atu. No te mea, i muri i uru ki te pono o tona ake oraraa tangata, kia tirohia ki te raupatu o mooni, rerekē i te "e ahau" e te rapu tonu i roto i tenei take ki te distinctness me mārama.

Descartes ia tohu i te rerekētanga i waenganui i ona ake tautohe, me te kupu o Augustin i tona whakautu Andreas Colva.

Hindu whakarara "whakaaro, koia ahau te tīariari"

Ko wai ka mea i āhuatanga anake o te rationalism Western taua whakaaro me whakaaro? I roto i te Te Tai Rāwhiti, ka haere mai ano ki te mutunga rite. E ai ki a S. V. Lobanova, Russian Indology Descartes ko tenei whakaaro i roto i te kaupapa Indian o tetahi o nga parau tumu faufaa o te pūnaha monistic - a Sankara Advaita Vedanta ko Kashmir Shaivism, ranei para-Advaita, te māngai tino rongonui ko Abhinavagupta. whakapono te pūtaiao i hoatu tenei whakapae te mua rite te tūturutanga tuatahi huri noa i ki hanga te matauranga, i, i roto i te tahuri, he nui.

Ko te hiranga o tenei tauākī

Ko te kupu "whakaaro ahau, koia, te tīariari" no Descartes. I muri ia ia, ka hoatu e te nuinga o philosopho te ariā o te matauranga o te faufaa nui, a ka he aitarahu ki a ia e ratou mo tino nui reira. Tēnei tauākī e atu pono tatou mahara atu noa faufaa. Na, i roto i ngā, ko tetahi o te ngakau mo tatou i te atu tūturu atu i te whakaaro o ētahi atu. I roto i tetahi kaupapa timata e Descartes ( "whakaaro, reira te tīariari") he hakari ahu ki te whai tuakiri me te mea mo te whakaaro rite he ahanoa kotahi e taea te mohiotia. Ki te i taea katoa ki te mahi i te whakamahi i te putanga o te mea kua mohiotia kua ki a tatou e pā ana ki te āhua o te whakaaro.

Tenei pūtaiao o te rau tau 17, te wā "whakaaro" i kakato anake ngā te meka e i roto i te heke mai ka e tohua e whakaaro rite mahara. Otiia i runga i te pae taumauri puta reira te kaupapa o te ariā heke mai. I roto i te marama o te fakamahino o Descartes matau ki te mahi kanohi te rite te tapao o te whakaaro.